Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Association Between Psychosis And Substance Use In Kenya. Findings From The Neurogap-Psychosis Study, Monica Nguata, James Orwa, Gabriel Kigen, Edith Kamaru, Wilfred Emonyi, Symon Kariuki, Charles Newton, Linnet Ongeri, Rehema Mwende, Lukoye Atwoli

Population Health, East Africa

Background: Substance use is prevalent among people with mental health issues, and patients with psychosis are more likely to use and misuse substances than the general population. Despite extensive research on substance abuse among the general public in Kenya, there is a scarcity of data comparing substance use among people with and without psychosis. This study investigates the association between psychosis and various substances in Kenya.

Methods: This study utilized data from the Neuro-GAP Psychosis Case-Control Study between April 2018 and December 2022. The KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme recruited participants from various sites in Kenya, including Kilifi County, Malindi Sub-County, …

Association Between A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism In Neuregulin-1 And Schizophrenia In Pakistani Patients, Haider Ali Naqvi, Shafqat Huma, Hira Waseem, Kashaf Aqeel Zaidi, Hina Saeed Zuberi, Syed Hani Abidi

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To determine the association of single-nucleotide polymorphism8nrg433E1006 in the neuregulin-1 gene associated with schizophrenia.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted at the Fountain House, Lahore, and the psychiatric clinics at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, from 2010 to 2013.The total genomic deoxyribonucleic acid was isolated and single-nucleotide polymorphism8nrg433E1006 was screened by nested polymerase chain reaction followed by sequencing. These sequences, from patients and controls, were aligned with the human neuregulin-1-glial growth factor 2 gene sequence, which served as a reference sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism genetic algorithm was characterised at position 433 in the neuregulin-1 gene by …

Early Psychosis Symptoms, Haider A. Naqvi, Sajjad Hussain, Muhammad Islam, Shafqat Huma

Department of Psychiatry

Objective: To determine the prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia in the pathways to help-seeking.STUDY Design: A cross-sectional study.PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: The Department of Psychiatry, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, from 2008 to 2009.METHODOLOGY: A total of 93 patients were interviewed in the pathways to care of schizophrenia. The diagnosis was based on ICD-10 criteria. The pathways to care were assessed through a semi-structured questionnaire. The onset, course and symptoms of psychosis were assessed through Interview for Retrospective Assessment at Age at Onset of Psychosis (IROAS).Results: Fifty five (59%) participants were male while 41% (n=38%) were female. Using IROAS, 108 …

Compliance To Antipsychotic Medication: A Challenge For Client, Family And Health Care Providers., Ambreen Tharani, Salima Farooq, Faiza Saleem, Anila Naveed

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Compliance with anti-psychotic medications plays a significant role in managing clients with schizophrenia. It not only helps in controlling the symptoms, but also decreases the risk of relapses and ultimately improves quality of life (QoL) for the clients. However, compliance with anti-psychotic medication remains a challenge for the client, family and healthcare providers. Identification of these associated factors is vital to make appropriate plan to enhance medication compliance. In this paper, various factors are highlighted that are associated with medication compliance in clients with schizophrenia.

Self-Management Education Interventions For Persons With Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis, Haiou Zou, Zheng Li, Marie T Nolan, David Arthur, Hongxing Wang, Lili Hu

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Although self-management education programs for persons with schizophrenia are being developed and advocated, uncertainty about their overall effectiveness remains. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine outcomes of self-management education interventions in persons with schizophrenia. Six electronic databases were searched. Manual searches were conducted of the reference lists of the identified studies and major psychiatric journals. Randomized controlled trials of self-management education interventions aimed at reducing relapse and hospital readmissions, as well as improving symptoms, psychosocial functioning, and adherence to medication treatment were identified. Data were extracted and the quality of included studies were rated by two authors independently. …

Community Mental Health Services: A Way Forward To Rehabilitate Chronic Mentally Ill Client., Ambreen Tharani, Salima Farooq, Anila Naveed

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Schizophrenia and other mental illnesses produce devastating effects on a clients' personal and psychosocial wellbeing. Besides the sufferer, it has irrevocable impacts on the lives of their loved ones. With advancement in the treatment modalities, researches have proven that hospital based care and psychotropic drugs are not the sole solution in managing the client symptoms. Deinstitutionalization is the paradigm shift from hospital based to community based care model that allows client/s to spend rest of their lives in the community setting. A well-structured community care based programme that focuses on psychosocial interventions has significant contribution in treatment and rehabilitation of …

Evidence Based Treatment Of Schizophrenia: Do We Know Enough, Faheem Khan, Haider A Naqvi

Department of Psychiatry

No abstract provided.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings In Patients With Schizophrenia, Waseem Akhtar, Haider A Naqvi, Sajjad Hussain, Arif Ali, Nadeem Ahmad

Department of Radiology

OBJECTIVE: To determine structural abnormalities in the brain of patients with schizophrenia by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

STUDY DESIGN: Comparative study.

PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: The Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2007 to June 2008.

METHODOLOGY: Thirty-three cases of schizophrenia (n=33) and thirty-three age-matched controls, (n=33) were enrolled for this study. Screening Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of brain was done in order to see structural changes in brain matter. Findings were compared among groups using chi-square and Fisher's exact test with significance at p < 0.05.

RESULTS: Among the total of 66 (n=66) …

Improving Schizophrenia Diagnosis Through Biomarkers: An Upcoming Prospect, Syed Mohammad Asad Zaidi, Abdul Latif Bikak, Rameez-Ul Hassan

Medical College Documents

No abstract provided.

Perceptions About The Cause Of Schizophrenia And The Subsequent Help Seeking Behavior In A Pakistani Population - Results Of A Cross-Sectional Survey, Syed Nabeel Zafar, Reema Syed, Sarah Tehseen, Saqib A. Gowani, Sana Waqar, Amina Zubair, Wajeeha Yousaf, Akbar J. Zubairi, Haider Naqvi

Department of Psychiatry

Background: There is a cultural variability around the perception of what causes the syndrome of schizophrenia. Generally Patients with schizophrenia are considered dangerous. They are isolated and treatment is delayed. Studies have shown favorable prognosis with good family and social support, early diagnosis and management. Duration of untreated psychosis is a bad prognostic indicator. We aimed to determine the perceptions regarding the etiology of schizophrenia and the subsequent help seeking behavior. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 404 people at the out Patient departments of Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi. Data was collected via a …

Schizophrenia: A Concept, Haider A Naqvi

Department of Psychiatry

Much of the current research-work into biological basis of mental disorders is predicted on implicit concept of disease that is less critical and sophisticated as it should be. It is remarkable, how the fundamental conceptual frame work of schizophrenia, as proposed by Professor Emil Kraepelin has stayed the same, since its inception almost 100-years ago. This review explores these issues besides highlighting alternative disease classification that suits behavioural neuroscience research.

Recent Concepts In Clinical Psychiatry: Drug Treatment In Schizophrenia, Shahin H. Hussain

Department of Psychiatry

No abstract provided.