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Articles 301 - 314 of 314
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Differential Role Of The Endothelium In Regulating Microvascular Blood Flow, Tao Tang
Differential Role Of The Endothelium In Regulating Microvascular Blood Flow, Tao Tang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The vascular endothelial cell (EC) plays an important role in regulating vascular tone and local blood flow by sensing chemical and mechanical stimuli on the vascular wall and releasing a host of vasoactive substances upon activations of endogenous or exogenous vasoactive substances. The central hypothesis is that local control of blood now and autoregulatory behavior in the microcirculation is distinctive at different levels of the vasculature and is dependent on the cellular activities of the EC and its interaction with the local environment. The in vivo as well as the ex vivo, flow-controlled preparations of the hamster cheek pouch were …
Characterization Of The Vasoactivity Of Tachykinins In Isolated Rat Kidney: Functional Studies And In Vitro Receptor Autoradiography, Yuejin Chen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Although tachykinins have potent vascular actions, their effect on renal resistance blood vessels is currently unknown. The vasoactive properties of tachykinins and related analogs were assessed in isolated perfused rat kidney. At a basal perfusion pressure (PP) of 75 $\pm$ 6 mm Hg (n = 5), bolus injections of substance P (SP) had no significant vasoactive effect. Following a sustained increase in baseline PP (134 $\pm$ 10 mm Hg) produced by phenylephrine (1 $\mu$M), SP evoked a dose-dependent increase in PP. The largest dose of SP increased PP by 60 $\pm$ 5 mm Hg. The vasoconstrictor response to SP was …
Co-Sensitization Of Dopamine And Serotonin Receptors Occurs In The Absence Of A Change In The Dopamine D1 Receptor Complex After A Neonatal 6-Ohda Lesion, Li Gong
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
To test whether SKF 38393 could ontogenetically sensitize dopamine (DA) D$\sb1$ receptors and whether this sensitization would be associated with biochemical changes, intact and neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats (200 $\mu$g i.c.v.) were treated daily from birth with SKF 38393 (3.0 mg/kg i.p. x 28 days) or its vehicle. In DA D$\sb1$ neonatally sensitized 6-OHDA rats, enhanced locomotor responses were observed with the first SKF 38393 challenge dose (3.0 mg/kg i.p.) at 6 weeks. This response increased further with weekly SKF 38393 treatments. Enhanced stereotyped behaviors were seen in both lesioned and sensitized rats at 8 weeks. There was no change …
The Effect Of Trimethyltin On The Cholinergic System Of The Rat Hippocampus, Richard L. Cannon
The Effect Of Trimethyltin On The Cholinergic System Of The Rat Hippocampus, Richard L. Cannon
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Trimethyltin (TMT) is a neurotoxin occurring in the environment. Exposure to (TMT) is known to destroy specific neuronal components of the hippocampus in the rat and to cause clinical symptoms in exposed humans, including mnemonic deficits, that indicate hippocampal involvement. In addition to hippocampal cell loss TMT causes significant increases in cholinergic markers such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) stain density and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in the hippocampus of rats. However, despite these observations the effect of TMT on hippocampal cholinergic system has not been investigated in detail. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate more fully the consequences …
Changes In Intracellular Chloride During Osmotic Stress And L-Alanine Uptake In Mouse Hepatocytes, Kening Wang
Changes In Intracellular Chloride During Osmotic Stress And L-Alanine Uptake In Mouse Hepatocytes, Kening Wang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A stable intracellular ionic environment is necessary for hepatocytes to function normally. Thus, during hypotonic shock or L-alanine uptake, hepatocytes swell and then exhibit a regulatory volume decrease (RVD), which comprises an increase in K$\sp+$ conductance (G$\sb{\rm K}$), an increased K$\sp+$ efflux, and a hyperpolarization of transmembrane potential (V$\sb{\rm m}$). Since hepatocyte intracellular Cl$\sp-$ has been demonstrated to distribute passively with V$\sb{\rm m}$, this study is designed to test the hypothesis that the hypotonic shock- or L-alanine uptake-induced hyperpolarization of V$\sb{\rm m}$ might provide an electromotive force for the efflux of hepatocyte intracellular Cl$\sp-$, which in turn would contribute osmotically …
Molecular And Cellular Analysis Of Chlamydia Trachomatis: Persistence And Reactivation, Kimberly R. Tau
Molecular And Cellular Analysis Of Chlamydia Trachomatis: Persistence And Reactivation, Kimberly R. Tau
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most prevalent sexually-transmitted infection in the United States. It has been suggested that CT infections can become latent. This has not been substantiated. CT persistence was examined at the molecular and cellular level in vitro and in vivo. Penicillin treatment of CT in vitro results in abnormal inclusions and reduced recovery of infectious CT. Penicillin did not inhibit initial stages of infection, but did downregulate CT rRNA levels after 25 hours post-inoculation (p.i.). DNA amplification was employed to differentiate between a resolved infection and a persistent one. Utilizing a primer pair that amplified a 144 …
Electrophysiology, Cell Calcium, And Mechanisms Of Hepatocyte Volume Regulation, Walid E. Khalbuss
Electrophysiology, Cell Calcium, And Mechanisms Of Hepatocyte Volume Regulation, Walid E. Khalbuss
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The electrophysiologic technique (Reuss, L., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:6014, 1985) was modified to measure changes in steady-state hepatocyte volume during osmotic stress. Hepatocytes in mouse liver slices were loaded with tetramethylammonium ion (TMA$\sp{+}$) during transient exposure of cells to nystatin. Intracellular TMA$\sp{+}$ activity (a$\sp{\rm i}\sb{\rm TMA}$) was measured with TMA$\sp{+}$-sensitive, double-barreled microelectrodes. Loading hepatocytes with TMA$\sp{+}$ did not change their membrane potential (V$\sb{\rm m}$), and under steady-state conditions a$\sp{\rm i}\sb{\rm TMA}$ remained constant over 4 min in single impalements. Hyperosmotic solutions (50, 100, & 150 mM sucrose added to media) and hyposmotic solutions (sucrose in media reduced by …
Quantitation Of Teratogenic Effects Of 5-Fluorouracil Administered To Mice In Vivo Or In Submerged Limb Culture, Theresa A. Sanders
Quantitation Of Teratogenic Effects Of 5-Fluorouracil Administered To Mice In Vivo Or In Submerged Limb Culture, Theresa A. Sanders
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study demonstrates the use of submerged limb culture in teratologic testing. Pregnant mice were treated on day 11 of gestation (E11, plug date = E0) with 10, 20 or 40 mg of 5-fluorouracil (FU) per kg body weight. On E17, treated and untreated fetuses were examined for gross malformations and were fixed in 95% ethanol. Reduction of limb size and digital defects, including ectrodactyly (ED), syndactyly (SD), microdactyly and polydactyly were dose-dependent. In parallel studies, pregnant mice were treated on the morning of E11 and embryos were removed either 7h (E11) or 24h (E12) later for submerged limb culture. …
Adaptation Of Striped Bass To Sea Water Following Direct Transfer From Freshwater: Morphological, Biochemical, And Physiological Parameters, Judy A. King
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
There has been heightened interest in the biology of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) because of increased pollution in their native spawning grounds and because of their extensive use in landlocked sport fisheries. Their euryhalinity makes them an excellent species for osmoregulation studies. The objective of this research was to study the rate of adaptation of striped bass gills to sea water (3% salt) after direct transfer from freshwater using biochemical (ion transport enzyme levels), physiological (chloride efflux), and ultrastructural methods. Striped bass have specialized osmoregulatory cells located on the interlamellar and afferent surfaces of their gill filaments as shown by …
The Influence Of Isotonic And Isokinetic Weight Training On Vertical Jumping Proficiency, Jeffrey Thomas Spielman
The Influence Of Isotonic And Isokinetic Weight Training On Vertical Jumping Proficiency, Jeffrey Thomas Spielman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of isotonic and isokinetic weight training on vertical jumping proficiency as measured by a modified vertical jump. The subjects were college students enrolled in the Fitness and Lifetime Activities Program at South Dakota State University in Brookings, South Dakota. Isotonic and isokinetic training were assigned to the two experimental groups with the third group serving as controls. Training for the experimental groups consisted of isotonic circuit training on a Universal weight machine and isokinetic training on a Leaper machine. Data analysis included a reliability and reproducibility assessment, and a one-way …
A Survey Of The Helminth Parasites Of Pheasants From Brown County, South Dakota, Donald E. Gilbertson
A Survey Of The Helminth Parasites Of Pheasants From Brown County, South Dakota, Donald E. Gilbertson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This paper presents a study of the helminth endoparasite of the Chinese or ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). The digestive and respiratory tracts of 262 pheasants, all of which were collected in Brown County, South Dakota, were examined. Collections were ,made from January, 1961, through November of the same year. The problem was divided as follows: (1) locating and Identifying the helminth parasites, (2) relating parasitism to the age of the birds, (3) ascertaining the seasonal distribution of the parasites, and (4) determining what gross pathological changes were due to parasitism. Previous to this study, little or no literature was available …
The Muscular Activity Of The Small Intestine During Acute Obstruction., Rudolph F. Antoncic
The Muscular Activity Of The Small Intestine During Acute Obstruction., Rudolph F. Antoncic
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Certain Cultural Characteristics Of Digitalis Pupurea, (Linne) With A Proposed Chemical Assay, Clark W, Eidsmoe
Certain Cultural Characteristics Of Digitalis Pupurea, (Linne) With A Proposed Chemical Assay, Clark W, Eidsmoe
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Since its introduction into modern medicine digitalis has occupied a very important position in our material medica. Its widespread use as a remedy in conditions of failing heart, and its effectiveness as a diuretic in certain dropsical conditions have gained for it a reputation which is equaled by few other drugs. The opinion of pharmacologiate and physicians as to its mode of action and its field of clinical usefulness has been revised a number of times, and there is much diversity of teaching as to its use in special ailments. Among some workers there is a tendency to restrict its …
A General Discussion Of Trichinella Spiralis (Owen), An Investigation Of Infection Of The Brown Rat, And A Life History Study Of The Parasite In The White Rat, Carl A. Johnson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this treatise is threefold: first, to present a general discussion of Trichinella spiralis,; second, to present the results of an investigation of infection with trichinae of 100 brown rats; and third, to present the results of infecting white rats under laboratory conditions.