Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Epidemics And Pandemics: That Changed The Public Health History, Suja Karkada Dr., Mickael Antonie Joseph Dr., Celastin Susan, Veena Sophiya Menezes, Lanet Smitha Karkada

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Epidemics and Pandemics: that changed the public health history

Abstract

Currently, the world is experiencing one of the most disruptive pandemics in the modern history of disease and illness. As human beings became more civilized, started building cities, establishing trade routes between cities and countries, the conditions needed for these diseases to spread were greatly enhanced and hence history has recorded many more epidemics and pandemics since the advent of global travel. Many of these epidemics and pandemics have disrupted the life of common human being from BC 430(Athens Plague) until date (Covid 19). Most of the recorded epidemics in …

Comparison Of Turnaround Times (Tat) In Pathology Laboratories From Developed And Developing Countries, And Its Impact On Treatment, Rishikha Jeyapal, Shajeedth Suresh Naidu, Jeevan K K. Shetty, Venkatesh Ramaswamy Naik

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

The timeliness of histopathology reports is one of the most crucial aspects of patient care. Turnaround Time (TAT) is one such parameter that is often considered when performing tests in pathology labs. Simply put, it is the time interval between the day a specimen is accessed in the lab, to the day the final report is signed out. Aims: This study aimed to compare the turnaround times in histopathology labs of developed and developing countries and to explore the impact of turnaround times on medical treatment. Materials and Methods: Our current review on retrieved articles from databases such as PubMed, …

Solitary Plasmacytoma Of Manubrium Sterni - A Case Report, Shyamasunder N. Bhat, Sp Mohanty

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

Solitary plasmacytoma is a tumour consisting of neoplastic monoclonal plasma cells without systemic involvement. It constitutes about 5% of all plasma cell dyscrasias and is mainly detected in the spine, pelvis and ribs and rarely in the sternum.

Here we report a case of a 45-year-old man presenting with pain and swelling in the midline of the chest over manubrium sterni. Plain radiograph and CT scan revealed an expansile, osteolytic lesion in the manubrium sterni. There was no M Band in protein electrophoresis, and the iliac bone marrow aspirate did not show plasmacytoma. However, histopathology of the lesion was suggestive …

Absent Oblique Fissure And Lingula In The Left Lung – A Rare Anatomical Variation, Amit Massand, Mamatha Tonse, Mangala Pai, B.V. Murlimanju, Latha Prabhu

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

In the course of a routine dissection class for medical students, it was observed that there was no oblique fissure, cardiac notch, and lingula in an embalmed cadaver. Due to their absence, the superior and inferior lobes of this lung could not be distinguished clearly. The lobes were attached together, however, there were no structural variations in its hilum. No variation was found in the fissures and hilum of the right lung in this cadaver. We opine that this variation can be helpful to cardiothoracic surgeons, mainly during the resection of the lobe of the left lung.

Assessment Of Knowledge And Understanding Of Professional Qualities In First-Year Medical Students - A Cross - Sectional Study, Harpreet Kour, Deepti Kadeangadi, M S. Shivaswamy, Parwati Patil

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

Background: Academic proficiency along with clinical skills are essential assets for a medical practitioner. Therefore, Attitudes, Ethics, and Communication (AETCOM) module has been implemented by the Medical Council of India (MCI) as a structured program to train and develop professional skills among the first year MBBS students in medical colleges in India since 2019. Objective: To assess the knowledge and understanding of professional qualities in first-year medical students. Methods: This questionnaire-based study was conducted among 156 first-year MBBS students. The questionnaire was divided into three parts, held during the AETCOM Module Classes. Categorical variables were given in the form of …

Undergraduate Summer Research Under Covid-19, Jeevan K K. Shetty, Warren Thomas

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

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Fungi: Are They Plants Or Animals?, Himanshu Yn, Sufyan Ibrahim, Revathi P. Shenoy Dr

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

The status of fungi in the phylogenetic setup still continues to be an intriguing question in biological sciences. Having long been considered as close relatives of plants, over the years, their resemblance towards animals has been brought into the greater limelight. While the vast diversity of the group demands a separate kingdom, evolution biology coaxes us to trace back their ancestry and establish similarities between different kingdoms and as newer pieces of evidence emerge up, the question as to whether fungi are plants or animals, remains contentious.

Microfracture For Cartilage Defects In Today’S Orthopaedics: Pearls And Pitfalls, Himanshu Yn, Sufyan Ibrahim

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

Microfracture technique has vacillating clinical outcomes, limited demographic applicability, high failure rate, and variable patient satisfaction. Although it does not deserve to be a gold standard technique, there has not been a technique that could overcome all possible disadvantages associated with the technique and at the same time give a favourable result/be suitable for widespread use/not have its own disadvantages. Microfracture, integrated with biomaterial/stem cell transfer has shown promise over the past decade but studies evaluating the long-term efficacy of the tests and standardization are lacking. Besides, cost and operative difficulties limit widespread use. Twenty-five years into the field, microfracture …

Sensor-Based Solution For Maintaining Social Distancing During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Sabah Mohd Zubair Dr, Neelima Chakraborty, Kumar Sumit

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

Background: The only way to remain safe in the current COVID-19 pandemic is by maintaining physical distancing. The current paper is an attempt to justify the use of sensor-based equipment in maintaining social distancing as much as possible during the unprecedented crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Databases considered for the relevant literature search were PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for the government reports and hand-searched articles. Results: Initiatives such as wireless interchanges and versatile processing have prompted the upgradation and improvisation in Intelligent Transport Frameworks (ITS) which focuses on street wellbeing applications. As a promising innovation and a centre …

Comparative Study Of Perinatal Mortality, Stillbirths, And Neonatal Mortality From 2010 To 2018 In Developing And Developed Nations With Reference To Malaysia, Sujata Khobragade, Yadneshwar Khobragade, Adinegara Lutfi Abas

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

Background: Malaysia being an emerging economy has done well in the health sector. The perinatal mortality is reduced significantly but a slight upward trend was seen after 2015 in less developed states. This prompted us to conduct a review of perinatal, stillbirth, and neonatal deaths in Malaysia and compare them with other developing and developed countries. Aims and objectives: To find out: (1) Perinatal, neonatal and stillbirth rates from 2010 to 2018 in Malaysia, and (2) Compare it with developed and developing countries for the same duration. (3) To study contributary factors responsible for perinatal mortality, stillbirths and neonatal deaths …

Clinical Teaching And Learning In The Covid-19 Era And Beyond: The Emergent And Emerging Scenarios, Shashikala K. Bhat, Veena Manja, Vinutha Shankar, Shashikiran Umakanth

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

The need for social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic has compromised traditional medical education. Educators and students in low-resource settings face diverse challenges in clinical teaching, learning, and assessment. The pandemic has necessitated a rapid transition from traditional pedagogical strategies to virtual platforms. Challenges in low resource settings include knowledge and training in technology, limited resource allocation for faculty development in virtual teaching methods, and financial constraints limiting the use of available technologies. There is also a lack of constructive alignment between outcomes, instructional strategies, and assessment of curriculum delivery in virtual platforms as the earlier curriculum design was …

Student Attitude Towards Integrative Medicine In A Caribbean Medical School, Shankar Pr, Dwivedi Nr, Balasubramanium R, Nandy A, Dakubo G, Barton B

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

Background: Patients in developed nations increasingly use Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) and Integrative Medicine (IM). Previous studies have not examined student attitudes towards IM at Xavier University School of Medicine (XUSOM), a Caribbean medical school. Most students are citizens of the United States or Canada and will practice in these countries after graduation. Hence, the present study was conducted using the integrative medicine attitude questionnaire (IMAQ), a previously validated questionnaire. Methods: First to fourth semester premedical and undergraduate medical (MD) students were involved in the study. Respondents’ gender, semester of study and nationality were noted. Their degree of agreement …