Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Lay Rescuer Equipment Preferences And Efficacy During A Simulated Drowning Event, Alison M. Miller, William D. Ramos, Kristina R. Anderson, Jill Cuvala

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

During a drowning incident where a lifeguard is not present, a bystander – referred to as a lay rescuer - may put themselves in danger by attempting a rescue. When lay rescuers can avoid entering the water by using rescue equipment to help a drowning victim, it serves to not only help the person actively drowning, but also provides a layer of protection to a lay rescuer. This study sought to examine the following questions: (a) which pieces of rescue equipment were preferred by lay rescuers at pre-determined short and long distances, (b) do lay rescuers select appropriate rescue equipment …

How Does Rest Interval Duration Affect Performance? An Experiment On High-Intensity Sprint Exercises, İbrahim Orkun Akcan, Cengiz Ölmez

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of interval and high-intensity sprint training (RST) with different rest intervals on the respiratory function, aerobic and anaerobic power. (2) Materials and Methods: The study involved the voluntary participation of 20 male participants. The participants were divided into two groups: 2IRG (2-minute rest between repeated sprints) and 4IRG (4-minute rest between repeated sprints). The changes in the respiratory function, aerobic, and anaerobic power parameters were examined in the 2IRG and 4IRG athletes who performed two training sessions per week for 4 weeks. (3) Results: The findings indicated that there …

The Effects Of Complex Elastic Band Training On Physical Fitness Components In Junior Female Handball Players, Mehrez Hammami, Ryland Morgans, Piotr Zmijewski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a 10-week complex elastic band training (CEBT) program on athletic performance in junior female handball players. Methods: Participants (16.2 ± 0.5 years) were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG; n = 16) or control group (CG; n = 14). The IG group performed CEBT twice a week during the 10-week intervention, which included eight 35-minute sessions, progressing in number of sets and band resistance for each specific exercise. The CG maintained regular in-season training. The modified T-test (T-half), squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), standing long jump …

The Impact Of Physique On Strategy And Performance In The 400 M Hurdles Race Among Elite Male Athletes, Janusz Iskra, Subir Gupta, Krzysztof Przednowek, René V. Best, Arkadiusz Stanula

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: the objective of this study was to assess the impact of physique on the stride pattern and performance of elite male 400-m hurdles runners. Materials and Methods: this study is based on the analysis of the performance of 297 male 400-m hurdlers in 13 Olympic games, 16 world championships, and 15 European championships. The hurdlers were divided into 4 groups, based on their height and body mass index (BMI) – taller and heavier (TH), taller and lighter (TL), shorter and heavier (SH), and shorter and lighter (SL). Times taken to complete various phases of the 400-m hurdles race – …

Benefits Of Pilates Exercises On Functional Fitness And Quality Of Life In Older Men: A Quasi-Experimental Study, Mohammad Khazaei, Jolanta Marszałek, Reza Aminzadeh, Elham Dehghani, Bahador Azizi

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: As age increases, declines in basic motor skills are observed in older men. Limited physical activity-based interventions, such as Pilates exercises, focus on enhancing these basic motor skills. This study aimed to identify the benefits of Pilates exercises on functional fitness and the quality of life in older men.

Material and Methods: Older men were randomly assigned to either a Pilates exercises group or a control group. Balance, strength, flexibility, and agility were tested using the Senior Fitness Test (SFT). The Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (SF-36) assessed the quality of life before and after 6 weeks of Pilates exercises. Differences over …

Relationship Between Functional Movement Screen Scores And Postural Stability In Football Players: An Asymmetrical Approach, Yücel Makaracı, Kazım Nas, Kerem Gündüz, Mehmet İleri

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: Unilateral preference is dominant due to the intensive use of sport-specific movements in football. However, little is known about the possible correlation between unilateral functional movement and the center of pressure-based postural performance. The main aim of this study is to examine the correlation between functional movement screen (FMS) and postural stability in football players from an asymmetrical perspective. Materials and Methods: Fifty professional football players (male n = 25; age 21.40 ± 1.94 years; female n = 25; age 21.04 ± 1.24 years) volunteered for this study. All subjects completed a FMS test consisting of seven items and …

Adaptive Changes In Young Football Players Working In A Modified Tactical Periodization Model Based On The Example Of Endurance., Marta Szymanek-Pilarczyk, Michał Jakub Nowak, Jacek Wąsik

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: Adequate endurance is a critical element of success in football, both at professional and amateur levels. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of training based on a modified wave (repeating) periodization model on the endurance of players aged 12–16 at the RKS Raków Academy in 2018–2022.

Material and Method: The analysis involved football players aged 12 to 16 with 4–8 years of training experience, involved in a program called "wave periodization". Two tests were performed each year, one in June (Test A) and the other one in December (Test B). Maximal Aerobic Speed (MAS) and Velocity Intermittent …

“You Take My Place; Let’S Switch!” What It Means To Be A Woman Powerlifter In Parasport, Aaron Carl S. Seechung, Maria Luisa M. Guinto

The Qualitative Report

Gendered disability in elite sport has emerged as a pertinent area of inquiry in sport psychology. However, qualitative research aimed at amplifying the voices of marginalized subgroups is notably sparse. Employing a phenomenological approach, we examined the lived experience of a Filipina para powerlifter, probing the intersection of gender, disability, and socioeconomic status in shaping how the participant made sense of life and identity, both within and outside the realm of sport. Three personal experiential themes were generated from the interview data's interpretative phenomenological analysis: “survival of the fittest,” “the voices in my head did not allow me to give …

Gait Analysis Of Male Professional Boxers, Jacek Perliński, Joanna M. Bukowska, Łukasz Rydzik, Wojciech Wąsacz, Dariusz Kruczkowski, Tadeusz Ambroży, Wojciech Czarny, Jarosław Jaszczur-Nowicki

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: Gait plays a crucial role in both daily life and sports performance. This study analyzes professional boxers’ gait, as it is essential to understand its influence on performance and injury risk. However, there is a need to comprehend the effects of boxing training on gait and the occurrence of asymmetries between limbs. Research Question: Does the gait of professional boxers exhibit significant differences between limbs, and what are the potential implications of this asymmetry? Materials and Methods: The study involved 36 professional boxers, and the Gaitway 3D Pressure treadmill was used to collect data. The analysis was performed using …

A Longitudinal Look At Student Attitude, Perceived Competence, And Fitness Test Performance Of Elementary Students, Risto Marttinen, Kevin Mercier, Jung Yeon Park, Kelly L. Simonton, Erin Centeio, Kevin Andrew Richards, Kathleen Wilson

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

The purpose of this study was to assess relationships between students’ attitudes toward physical education (PE), their perceived competence toward PE, and their fitness test performance, as well as how these relationships change over time. Measurements were conducted with validated instruments across five time points during two school years with fourth and fifth grade students across ten schools (n = 636, 48% = female). This study was developed to address a need for examining how attitudes and perceived competence change over time. Descriptive statistics and latent growth models were run with the variables of interest to investigate four research …

The Effect Of A Single Cycle Of Ischemia On Bar Velocity During Bench Press Exercise, Marta Bichowska-Pawęska, Dawid Gaweł, Robert Trybulski, Jakub Jarosz, Kinga Łosińska, Krzysztof Fostiak, Joao Guilherme Vieira

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: The main goal of this study was to investigate the effects of a single cycle of ischemia applied before the bench press exercise on acute bar velocity changes. Materials and Methods: Twelve physically active males participated in the study. The experiment followed a rando-mized, cross-over design under two testing conditions. The experimental condition involved the application of a single cycle of ischemia (5 minutes; 80% arterial occlusion pressure [AOP]) before the first set of bench press exercise (2 sets at 60% 1RM). The control condition did not use ischemia. The peak and mean bar velocities were measured using a …

A114: Promoting Exercise Behavior For College Students By Compensating Intervention Of Beliefs, Mengqi Wang, Dong Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Compensatory Health Beliefs (CHBs) are essential to resolving the motivational conflicts between the desired and healthy goal in college students. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework is used to design a multidimensional training model, which compensates belief as a mediator, to research the influence of belief intervention compensation on promoting right exercise cognitive and behavior in college students. The purpose of this study was to discover whether this training model is able to inspire college students to attend exercise more effectively. Methods: A cohort of 218 college students from Guangzhou were involved in the research (20.04±1.5). The objects were …

A157: The Effect Of Whole-Body Vibration Therapy On The Motor Abilities Of Patients With Sarcopenia, Haixia Wang, Mingjie Hu, Guangxin Wang, Xin-An Zhang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: The highly morbid condition known as sarcopenia affects middle-aged and elderly people and is characterized by a progressive loss of whole-body muscle mass accelerated by aging. It is also accompanied by a decline in muscle strength and physiological function. These weakening functions manifest as impaired physical movement, increased risk of falls, disability, lower quality of life, and even death. Sarcopenia is progressively emerging as a new public health issue in China with a quickly aging population, making it vital to investigate effective exercise therapies for sarcopenic patients. Methods: Sixty sarcopenic patients (aged 60-75) from a local hospital in northeast …

A04: A Pilot Study On The Persistence Of Children's Online Sports Games, Haoye Shen, Xiaozan Wan, Meiyuan Chen, Mengke Kang, Hao Li, Yiang Yuan

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: In the post-epidemic era, children's physical activity has decreased sharply, and smart sports at home have gradually emerged, making online sports games an important path for children's sports participation. This pilot study was to explore the persistence of children's online sports game participation through exercise frequency recording and provided guidance for online sports game intervention programs. Methods: A total of 29 primary school children were enrolled, including 24 boys and 5 girls. Participants exercise autonomously through motion software. In this study, the movement of each participant was recorded through the background of the software system and exported to Excel. …

A10: Analyzing Perceptual Differences Toward Esports Among Students Across Various Educational Levels Of America, Xianhua Luo, Li Chen, Yong Yang, Hui Deng

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Electronic sports (Esports) draw increasing attention in the world and become popular across institutions of American higher education. Scholars in Esports research have explored various findings and discussions related to education, marketing and promotion, organization and management, and sociology and psychology of sport. However, the perceptual differences of Esports participants remain unknown across educational levels across American institutions. The purposes of this study were to examine the perceptual differences toward Esports across educational levels in the United States. Methods: A total of 397 voluntary participates with various education levels took part in a reginal survey in the east coast …

A78: Effect Of Physical Activity On Adolescent Mental Health, Shaofei Wu, Xue Jiang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: As science and technology advance, social civilization progresses, and individuals garner increased attention. Consequently, the focus on mental health has reached new heights. This paper delves into the current state of adolescent mental health and explores the positive impact of sports. The objective is to foster a correct understanding of the correlation between sports and the mental well-being of teenagers. Through this exploration, the aim is to leverage the inherent characteristics of physical education teaching materials in order to integrate heart and physical education, harness the unique role of sports in cultivating adolescent mental health, and elevate both the …

A109: A Study Of The Relationship Between Exercise Adherence And Depression, Yujue Chen, Junrong Lei

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: As the social economy rapidly advances, and competition intensifies, university students are confronted with both increased opportunities and significant psychological pressures. Notably, the incidence of depression is on the rise, with approximately 20.3% of university students in China experiencing certain psychological issues. Against this backdrop, this study seeks to explore the interplay between exercise motivation, exercise adherence, and depression among university students. Methods: A cohort of 25 subclinical individuals experiencing psychological issues related to depression was chosen to partake in a 2-month exercise intervention study. The intervention involved Salsa dance, with a frequency of approximately 2 hours twice a …

A123: Research Progress And Review Of Key Competencies Of Physical Education Curriculum In China, Liping Xue, Zhihua Yin

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: The introduction of the "Opinions on Comprehensively Deepening Curriculum Reform and Implementing the Fundamental Task of Establishing Virtues and Cultivating People" marked the initiation of comprehensive curriculum reform across all disciplines in our country, with a particular emphasis on key competencies. Among these competencies, those integral to the Physical Education (PE) curriculum have garnered increasing attention from scholars. Building upon this foundation, this paper systematically reviews and analyzes pertinent research on the key competencies within the PE curriculum. The exploration covers the development process, current research hotspots, and future prospects in this field, aiming to serve as a reference …

A140: Comparing Perceived Exercise Benefits Between Exercising And Non-Exercising College Students, Yanli Pang, Cunnian Xia, Yue Xia

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Regular exercise leads to physiological and psychological benefits. University is a key venue to promote physical activity behavior in young adults. However, it is reported nearly 50% Chinese college students are not reaping the benefits due to insufficient amount of exercise. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate what challenges prevent college students from exercising. Thus, this study was to assess perceived exercise benefits and barriers in Chinese college students and compare the differences between students do exercise and who do not. Methods: The Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale (EBBS) was used to examine perceived benefits and barriers in 118 non-exercising and …

A28: Biomechanical Analysis And Research In Rugby Speed Training, Li Ren

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Speed training is an essential and important part of rugby. Usually in confrontational events, strength will have a powerful effect, but good speed will be more than that plus works. Rugby speed drills can be complex or simple things that coaches choose. To the best of the speed required depends on the position, but every player on the field can be trained to get faster. Methods: Through the literature method, logic analysis and other related analysis of sports biomechanics of speed training in football, in order to provide some theoretical basis and reasonable suggestions for speed training, to improve …

A37: An Experimental Study On The Effect Of Traditional Old Games On Fundamental Motor Skills Of Children Aged 7-8, Qian Mao, Xiaozan Wang, Qinping Xu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Fundamental Motor Skills as the "cornerstone" of children's healthy growth, its firmness determines children's future development. However, with the progress of science and technology and the convenience of modern life, the physical activity level of children has decreased significantly, and the development of basic motor skills has increased rapidly. Therefore, in October 2020, it was clearly proposed to gradually improve the school physical education teaching model of "health knowledge + basic sports skills + special sports skills". At the same time, as the wisdom crystallization of human development, traditional old games are increasingly replaced by the ever-changing electronic games …

A79: Epidemiology Of Athletic Injuries In China College Rock Climbing Athlete, Bingbing Tian, Dehong Gu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Originating from mountaineering, rock climbing has encountered fresh opportunities for growth since its inclusion in the Olympics, and there is a growing awareness of the associated injury risks. Methods: Using questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics methods, this paper studied the epidemiological characteristics of sports injuries among Chinese college rock-climbing athletes by 6 Chinese university rock-climbing teams. Results: The incidence of sports injury was as high as 87.10%, and the annual incidence of injury was 3.39 times/year. The number of injuries was mainly 1 time (43.55%), and the number of injuries was less in 4 (8.06%;) or 5 times (1.61%). …

A01: A Pilot Study Of Student Cadres Mental Health At A Sport University During Covid-19, Yuan Yuan, Haijun Han, Hongwei Guan

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Over 90% of college students have experienced negative mental health symptoms due to the pandemic, according to a survey from BestColleges.com. More than half (54%) of college students believe COVID-19 circumstances have impacted their mental health. Although the pandemic's influence on mental health expanded, not all students have felt its effects to the same degree. Physical activity has been reported to have many physical and mental health benefits. Students at sport universities tend to participate in more sport and physical activity. During the pandemic, student cadres are expected to take more responsibilities such as coordinating COVID-19 tests and interacting …

A22: Investigation On The Status Quo Of Extracurricular Sports Activities In Primary And Secondary Schools Of Yan 'An City Before And After Covid-19, Zhigang Xue, Hujiie Ran, Xiaoyan Yang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Since the outbreak of the Novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in December 2019, the General Office of the National Health Commission has put forward the epidemic prevention requirements, such as minimizing unnecessary travel. In December 2022, The State Council issued the latest epidemic prevention policy, marking the country's three-year epidemic control policy. In this case, this paper conducted a comparative study on the number of participants, cognition, attitude, motivation, frequency, time and organization of extracurricular sports activities in primary and secondary schools of Yan 'an City before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, and analyzed and studied the data obtained. Methods: …

A51: A Study On Improvement Of Sensory Integration Disorder In Children Aged 6-7 Years With Fancy Skipping Rope, Xunzhi Lai, Ziying Zeng

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: At present, the number of children with sensory unison disorder continues to rise in our country, which is a kind of disease that mainly happens in the children of the nervous system, so that the young children's physical quality drops, the uncoordinated movement, attention, and poor performance, affecting the normal healthy development. In the face of the disorder, the intervention can be improved by games in PE class and sensory integration training. Methods: In this paper, literature, mathematical statistics, questionnaire, and other research methods were used to test and study the vestibular function, proprioception, tactile defense and learning ability …

A52: Practice Research On Orientation Movement Teaching In Primary School, Ziying Zeng, Haicheng Wen, Liyan Lao, Shunzhou Du, Yuntao Zeng

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Sports shoulder the important task of improving the physical health of teenagers, is an indispensable part of the school quality education, more importantly, is to undertake the fundamental mission of moral cultivation. Orienteering is a new sports project integrating intelligence and physical strength. It not only strengthens the body, but also improves the students' self-control ability such as thinking and judging ability and solving difficulties by themselves, so as to truly realize the ideal effect of "sports people". Methods: From the perspective of the implementation of school-based orienteering curriculum in our school, this paper adopts experimental methods, mathematical statistics …

A56: Mediation Analysis Of Association Between Fundamental Motor Skills And Physical Activity In Elementary School Students, Jun Chen, Xiaozan Wang, Ouyi Chen, Haizhu Long

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association of fundamental motor skills (FMS), perceived motor competence (PMC), physical activity (PA) in elementary school students, as well as to examine whether PMC mediated the relationship between FMS and PA. Methods: Participants were 470 3-6th grade students (210 boys vs. 242 girls; Mean age = 10.11 years old; SD = 1.19) at five elementary schools from the province of Hunan in China. The students’ FMS were assessed with The Test of Gross Motor Development-3, PMC was assessed using the perceived athletic competence sub-scale of Harter’s Self-perception profile for children and PA were …

A68: Volleyball Coaches' Leadership Behaviors And Athletes' Competition Anxiety: A Mediating Effect Of Sport Self-Confidence, Sixu Yi, Ke Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Volleyball is not only a contest between technical and tactical levels, but also a duel between psychological and tactical aspects. Coaches' leadership behaviors play a key role in athletes' trust, team effectiveness and competition status. Coaches' leadership behaviors, as perceived from the athletes' perspective, have a greater impact on athletes' competition anxiety than the actual leadership behaviors of coaches. The purpose of this study was to examine how athletes perceived the possible role of coaches' leadership behaviors on college men's volleyball players' competition anxiety and the possible mediating effect of athletic self-confidence in it was examined. Methods: 216 athletes …

A70: An Experimental Study Of Sports Vr Equipment On Cultivating High School Students' Interest In Sports, Zhang Rui

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: The incorporation of VR virtual teaching has garnered significant attention, with its applications spanning various disciplines and fields. Notably, in the realm of physical education, VR integration has not only contributed to the enhancement of instructional effectiveness but has also played a pivotal role in fostering the holistic development and personality growth of students. The primary objective of this study is to investigate whether VR virtual teaching can elevate the interest of high school students in the learning of physical education. Methods: Eighty students in high school were recruited and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (40 students …

A73: Associations Of Screen Time Changes With Body Mass Index And Obesity In Chinese Preschoolers, Sunyue Ye

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: To understand the longitudinal association of screen time (ST) and its changes on body mass index (BMI) and obesity in Chinese preschool children. Methods: Parents of 735 preschoolers participated in our studies at baseline and were followed up one year interval, in Jiaxing, China. Linear regression models and generalized linear models were used to analyze the prospective association of ST and its changes with BMI and obesity in preschool-aged children. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to describe the effect level of each factor upon BMI and obesity at follow-up. Results: A total of 624 …