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Articles 91 - 102 of 102
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Dietary Supplements And Sports Performance: Minerals, Melvin H. Williams
Dietary Supplements And Sports Performance: Minerals, Melvin H. Williams
Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications
Minerals are essential for a wide variety of metabolic and physiologic processes in the human body. Some of the physiologic roles of minerals important to athletes are their involvement in: muscle contraction, normal hearth rhythm, nerve impulse conduction, oxygen transport, oxidative phosphorylation, enzyme activation, immune functions, antioxidant activity, bone health, and acid-base balance of the blood. The two major classes of minerals are the macrominerals and the trace elements. The scope of this article will focus on the ergogenic theory and the efficacy of such mineral supplementation. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2( 1): 43-49, 2005.
Dietary Supplements And Sports Performance: Amino Acids, Melvin H. Williams
Dietary Supplements And Sports Performance: Amino Acids, Melvin H. Williams
Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications
This is the third in a series of six articles to discuss the major classes of dietary supplements (vitamins; minerals; amino acids; herbs or botanicals; metabolites, constituents/extracts, or combinations). The major focus is on efficacy of such dietary supplements to enhance exercise or sport performance.
Men, Muscles, And Body Image: Comparisons Of Competitive Bodybuilders, Weight Trainers, And Athletically Active Controls, T. C. Pickett, R. J. Lewis, T. F. Cash, H. G. Pope
Men, Muscles, And Body Image: Comparisons Of Competitive Bodybuilders, Weight Trainers, And Athletically Active Controls, T. C. Pickett, R. J. Lewis, T. F. Cash, H. G. Pope
Psychology Faculty Publications
Objectives: To investigate body image and psychosocial adjustment among competitive bodybuilders, non-competitive weight trainers, and athletically active men.
Methods: Participants were 40 men in each of the three groups who were assessed on body composition and multiple facets of body image evaluation, investment and anxiety, eating attitudes, and social self esteem.
Results: Relative to the other two groups, competitive bodybuilders had greater body mass due to fat-free body mass. Although groups did not differ in their situational body image discomfort, competitive bodybuilders and weight trainers had a more positive global appearance evaluation and were more psychologically invested in their physical …
Validation Of A New Method For Estimating Vo2max Based On Vo2 Reserve, David P. Swain, James A. Parrott, Anna R. Bennett, J. David Branch, Elizabeth A. Dowling
Validation Of A New Method For Estimating Vo2max Based On Vo2 Reserve, David P. Swain, James A. Parrott, Anna R. Bennett, J. David Branch, Elizabeth A. Dowling
Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications
Purpose: The American College of Sports Medicine's (ACSM) preferred method for estimating maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) has been shown to overestimate V̇O2max, possibly due to the short length of the cycle ergometry stages. This study validates a new method that uses a final 6-min stage and that estimates V̇O2max from the relationship between heart rate reserve (HRR) and V̇O2 reserve. Methods: A cycle ergometry protocol was designed to elicit 65–75% HRR in the fifth and sixth minutes of the final stage. Maximal workload was estimated by dividing the workload of the final stage by …
Dietary Supplements And Sports Performance: Introduction And Vitamins, Melvin H. Williams
Dietary Supplements And Sports Performance: Introduction And Vitamins, Melvin H. Williams
Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications
Sports success is dependent primarily on genetic endowment in athletes with morphologic, psychologic, physiologic and metabolic traits specific to performance characteristics vital to their sport. Such genetically-endowed athletes must also receive optimal training to increase physical power, enhance mental strength, and provide a mechanical advantage. However, athletes often attempt to go beyond training and use substances and techniques, often referred to as ergogenics, in attempts to gain a competitive advantage. Pharmacological agents, such as anabolic steroids and amphetamines, have been used in the past, but such practices by athletes have led to the establishment of anti-doping legislation and effective testing …
Fitness Levels Of Middle Aged Martial Art Practitioners, P. Douris, A. Chinan, M. Gomez, A. Aw, D. Steffens, S. Weiss, J. Echternach
Fitness Levels Of Middle Aged Martial Art Practitioners, P. Douris, A. Chinan, M. Gomez, A. Aw, D. Steffens, S. Weiss, J. Echternach
Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications
Objectives: To quantify and compare fitness levels of middle aged practitioners of soo bahk do (SBD; a Korean martial art similar to karate) with those of sedentary subjects.
Methods: Eighteen volunteers, 14 men and four women (aged 40-60 years), participated. Nine sedentary subjects (mean age 46.7 years) and nine SBD practitioners (mean age 46.8 years) were matched for sex and age. All subjects participated in a one day battery of fitness tests. The following dependent variables were tested: body composition, balance, flexibility, quadriceps strength, grip strength, muscle endurance, and aerobic capacity.
Results: All dependent variables were analysed using paired t …
Characterizing Consumer Motivation As Individual Difference Factors: Augmenting The Sports Interest Inventory (Sii) To Explain Level Of Spectator Support, Daniel C. Funk, Daniel F. Mahony, Lynn L. Ridinger
Characterizing Consumer Motivation As Individual Difference Factors: Augmenting The Sports Interest Inventory (Sii) To Explain Level Of Spectator Support, Daniel C. Funk, Daniel F. Mahony, Lynn L. Ridinger
Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications
The central focus of this study was to examine how individual difference factors could be used to explain various levels of consumer support for a specific sport property. The present study extends the Sport Interest Inventory (SII) in order to enhance current understanding of consumer motives in relation to sport in general and women's competitive sport in particular. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 12-item Sport Interest Inventory, measuring 14 individual difference factors related to spectator interest in soccer. Multiple Linear regression analysis revealed that five motivational characteristic--(a) sport interest, (b) team interest, (c) vicarious achievement, (d) role modeling, and (e) …
Vo2 Reserve And The Minimal Intensity For Improving Cardiorespiratory Fitness, David P. Swain, Barry A. Franklin
Vo2 Reserve And The Minimal Intensity For Improving Cardiorespiratory Fitness, David P. Swain, Barry A. Franklin
Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications
Purpose: The American College of Sports Medicine has stated that aerobic: training needs to occur at a minimum threshold intensity of 50% VO2max for most healthy adults and at 40% VO2max for those with a very low initial fitness. Recently, the concept of VO2 reserve (% VO2R, i.e., a percentage of the difference between maximum and resting VO2 has been introduced for prescribing exercise intensity, This analysis was designed to determine the threshold intensity for improving cardiorespiratory fitness expressed as %VO2R units. Methods: Previous studies in healthy subjects (N = 18) that …
Is There A Threshold Intensity For Aerobic Training In Cardiac Patients?, David P. Swain, Barry Franklin
Is There A Threshold Intensity For Aerobic Training In Cardiac Patients?, David P. Swain, Barry Franklin
Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications
Purpose: Recent guidelines have recommended the use of a percentage of oxygen uptake reserve ((V) over dot O2R) for prescribing aerobic exercise intensity for cardiac patients. Moreover, these guidelines suggest that a threshold intensity may exist, below which no improvement in peak oxygen uptake ((V) over dot O-2peak) occurs, The purpose. therefore. was to translate the intensity of aerobic exercise in previous training studies using cardiac patients into %(V) over dot O2R units, and determine whether a threshold intensity exists, Methods: Twenty-three studies, using 28 groups of aerobically trained cardiac patients. were identified in …
Pumping Dietary Iron: Implications For Aerobic Endurance Exercise, Melvin H. Williams
Pumping Dietary Iron: Implications For Aerobic Endurance Exercise, Melvin H. Williams
Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications
(First paragraph) In an earlier issue of ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal (Sept/Oct, 988), Barry A. Franklin, Ph. D., FACSM, president of ACSM, authored an article called," Pumping Iron: Rationale, Benefits, Safety, and Prescription" where he presented evidence supporting the health benefits of resistance training an anaerobic type of exercise training. As we all know, aerobic endurance exercise training also conveys multiple health benefits.
Effect Of 14 Weeks Of Resistance Training On Lipid Profile And Body Fat Percentage In Premenopausal Women, Bharathi Prabhakaran, Elizabeth A. Dowling, J. David Bramch, David P. Swain, Brian C. Leutholtz
Effect Of 14 Weeks Of Resistance Training On Lipid Profile And Body Fat Percentage In Premenopausal Women, Bharathi Prabhakaran, Elizabeth A. Dowling, J. David Bramch, David P. Swain, Brian C. Leutholtz
Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications
Objectives-To study the effects of a supervised, intensive (85% of one repetion maximum (1-RM)) 14 week resistance training programme on lipid profile and body fat percentage in healthy sedentary, premenopausal women.
Subjects-Twenty four women (mean (SD) age 27 (7) years) took part in the study Subjects were randomly assigned to either a non-exercising control group or a resistance exercise training group. The resistance exercise training group took part in supervised 45-50 minute resistance training sessions (85% of 1-RM I), three days a week on non-consecutive days for 14 weeks. The control group did not take part in any …
Patellofemoral Pain In Female Ballet Dancers: Correlation With Iliotibial Band Tightness And Tibial External Rotation, John Winslow, Evangeline Yoder
Patellofemoral Pain In Female Ballet Dancers: Correlation With Iliotibial Band Tightness And Tibial External Rotation, John Winslow, Evangeline Yoder
Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications
Review of the literature reveals that ballet dancers have a high incidence of idiopathic patellofemoral pain. Twenty-four female ballet dancers were subjects in a study of the relationship between: 1) iliotibial band (ITB) tightness and patellofemoral pain, and 2) ITB tightness and degrees of tibial external rotation used in the dance demi-plie. Dancers were initially assessed by questionnaire to determine if any had knee pain. Twelve subjects mel the study criteria for patellofemoral pain, and 12 dancers without knee pain served as controls for the study. Iliotibial band tightness was measured (Ober test), and degrees of tibial external rotation used …