Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Juror Perceptions Of Juveniles Transferred To Criminal Court: The Role Of Generic Prejudice And Emotion In Determinations Of Guilt, Megan Beringer Jones

Department of Psychology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Research examining juror perceptions of juveniles tried as adults has provided mixed results, with some studies providing evidence of bias against juveniles tried as adults, and others finding no evidence of this bias.  The present research aimed to clarify this issue by examining the roles of generic prejudice and emotion in jurors’ judgments of juveniles tried as adults.  Study 1 assessed which stereotypes people associate with juveniles tried as adults compared to juveniles tried in juvenile court and adults tried in criminal court.  Study 2 examined to what extent angry, fearful, sad, and neutral mock jurors used these stereotypes to …

Who Are The Health Center Patients Who Risk Losing Care Under The House Of Representatives' Proposed Fy 2011 Spending Reductions?, Sara J. Rosenbaum, Peter Shin, Leighton C. Ku

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

On February 20, 2011, the United States House of Representatives approved more than $61 billion in discretionary spending reductions for the remainder of FY 2011. The legislation includes $1.3 billion in direct spending cuts for community health centers. Using the NACHC patient estimates, we present evidence on the characteristics of patients whose continuing access to health center services is at risk. We arrived at these estimates using data from the Uniform Data System (UDS), the federal reporting system in which all health centers must participate, as well as national estimates from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), and published reports …

Who Are The Health Center Pati Ents Who Risk Losing Care Under The House Of Representatives’ Pr Oposed Fy 2011 Spending Reductions?, Sara J. Rosenbaum, Peter Shin, Leighton C. Ku

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

No abstract provided.

An Update On Red Light Camera Research: The Need For Federal Standards In The Interest Of Public Safety, Barbara Langland-Orban, John T. Large, Etienne E. Pracht

Florida Public Health Review

Since publishing our critique of red light camera (RLC) studies in 2008, we have gained increased insights on the controversy over RLCs. Herein we provide additional information on RLCs, and use a question-and-answer format to address frequently asked questions. This update includes the rationale given for ignoring fatalities at RLC sites, the convergence in findings from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's compendium of best RLC studies, common violations of research methods in RLC evaluations, the RLC cost-to-benefit implications for motorists, an explanation for the increase in rear-end crashes at RLC sites, and why RLCs may be ineffective in reducing …

Decreasing Unwanted Pregnancies By Increasing Use Of Emergency Contraceptive Pills (Ecps): A Leadership Approach, Kara Mcginnis

Florida Public Health Review

Unwanted pregnancies burden the U.S. healthcare system, as well as create challenges for women, families, and children. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) can prevent a large percentage of unwanted pregnancies if used appropriately. Factors contributing to non-use of ECPs include the negative social environment created by views on sexual health, misunderstanding concerning the mechanism ofaction, women’s misperceptions oftheir risks ofgetting pregnant and how ECPs work, barriers to obtaining ECPs, and lack of counseling about ECPs from healthcare providers. Leadership is needed to address these factors contributing to the problem. Health educators are in a unique position to lead the field in …

Stretching The Paradigm: Crisis As A Problem In Mental Health Research, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Crisis intervention is an established paradigm of community mental health theory and practice in which the nature and circumstances of crises are assumed to be well understood and the subject of established research findings and theory. Review of existing crisis research literature fails to support such assumptions. There is, in fact, little current evidence available on the nature and circumstances of mental health crises, despite the importance of crisis intervention in contemporary practice. This paper presents descriptive findings of a study of the frequency, duration and severity of mental health crises, based on analysis of more than 500 crisis incidents …

A Brief History Of Phssr: The National Coordinating Center. Lessons From History, F. Douglas Scutchfield Md

Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Presentations

No abstract provided.

University Reading: How Do We Turn It On?, John-Nathan Trice, Barbara Johnson Wilmes

Administrative Issues Journal

Universities and colleges are experiencing increasing challenges of educating millennial students, individuals who lack motivation and tenacity to engage in the learning process. Ideally, university students have read materials and are prepared to engage in collegial interaction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether university students are preparing for class and whether instructional reading strategies are effective to engage them in meeting course requirements. Results indicated that participants overwhelmingly do not read prior to class, but with research-based interventions, millennial students engaged in reading assignments and obtained content information relevant to the course.

Administrative Strategies For Preparing Teaching Candidates To Be Building-Level Technology Change Agents, Richard Rose

Administrative Issues Journal

Teacher education graduates in their early years of service are ill-prepared to act as building-level change agents who can advocate for the enhanced use of technology in the classroom. In this study, a group of experienced teachers seeking the M.Ed. in Educational Technology suggest that the lack of confidence which new teachers show in relation to technology can be traced back to the absence of rigorous technical skill-building in both their Introduction to Educational Technology class and methods classes. These tech-savvy mid-career teachers then identify obstacles to enhancing pre-service teacher education programs with more effective preparation in teaching with technology …

A Connection Between Moral Imperative And Women’S Leadership?, Sarah W. Nelson, Patricia L. Guerra, B. Genise Henry

Administrative Issues Journal

This paper describes a qualitative study of two school districts’ efforts to support school leaders in developing the knowledge and skills to analyze, understand, and transform system inequities. The results suggest that, despite being armed with knowledge and skills, leaders may be reluctant to act even when doing so is within the scope of their authority. This work draws from Fullan’s (2003) concept of moral imperative and examines the connection between moral imperative and women’s ways of leading. The findings have implications for educational leadership programs that seek to prepare school leaders capable of challenging and changing inequitable systems.

University Technology Transfer Factors As Predictors Of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Dorothy M. Kirkman

Administrative Issues Journal

University technology transfer is a collaborative effort between academia and industry involving knowledge sharing and learning. Working closely with their university partners affords biotechnology firms the opportunity to successfully develop licensed inventions and gain access to novel scientific and technological discoveries. These factors may enhance a firm’s entrepreneurial orientation by supporting innovative, proactive, and risk-taking behaviors. This study investigates whether university technology transfer characteristics such as the transfer process, transfer modes (formal and informal), and transfer terms influence entrepreneurial orientation. Using survey data from biotechnology firms that develop human health therapies, the findings suggest that the transfer process and informal …

University In Transition: Faculty Sense-Making And Responses, Leslie D. Gonzales, Rodolfo Rincones

Administrative Issues Journal

Across the institutional spectrum, universities are attempting to reposition themselves as more research dominant institutions, a pattern referred to as “mission creep.” Such changes in university missions have several critical implications for faculty members and their work. In this qualitative study, we interviewed ten tenure-track faculty members to explore how they make sense of and respond to Sun University’s creeping university mission. Through qualitative data analysis, we found that faculty use organizational scripts to construct and make sense of their role, yet they do so towards different ends. Some faculty members own the transition and attempt to contribute to its …

Radical Change In Faculty And Student Evaluation: A Justifiable Heresy?, Jeffery Gentry

Administrative Issues Journal

This article addresses the connection between two continuing trends in higher education: semester evaluation of faculty by students (SE’s) and grade inflation. The two phenomena are explored historically; then a two-part plan is proposed to enhance the evaluation of both students and faculty. This solution does not replace current evaluation practices; it merely adds information on each student’s relative performance. Although subject to criticism as radical reform, the plan is offered as a feasible check on grade inflation and diminished student responsibility—one that is consistent with long held higher education values, as well as recent calls for increased educational accountability. …

Ready, Set...Pitch: Marketing Yourself Like An Entrepreneur, Connie I. Reimers-Hild

Kimmel Education and Research Center: Presentations and White Papers

Great elevator pitches are created to sell your idea, business, product or service in 30 seconds or less (the time it takes to go from the first floor to the top of the building in an elevator). It’s important to develop and practice an effective pitch so you are ready to use it under fire. When you step onto an elevator with Warren Buffett or Bill Gates, you want to be prepared! This worksheet will help you create an amazing pitch!!

Innovation In Competency-Based Program Development: Leveraging The Advisory Board Faculty Alliance, Esmeralda De Los Santos, Daniel G. Dominguez, Kevin Lafrance

Administrative Issues Journal

This paper describes the use of advisory boards in the development of two competency-based business programs: one graduate and the other undergraduate. Though the programs varied significantly in structure and content, both used focus group methodology to collect comprehensive and relevant input from advisory board members comprised of local subject matter experts. Analysis of each program’s developmental efforts demonstrates that, while the programs varied significantly in many aspects, both achieved the intended outcome. In both cases, advisory board input contributed to the development of a competency model and associated program curriculum that closely aligned with the program’s specific disciplines.

Pedagogical Design For A Cross-Functional Course In The Accelerated Mba Program, Bhanu Balasubramnian, Tanja Steigner, Kevin R. Coulson

Administrative Issues Journal

The sub-prime financial crisis exposed weaknesses in the financial risk management of several prominent firms. A deficient risk management is mainly attributed to the lack of integration of finance with other business disciplines. In this paper, we describe a tested implementation of a cross-functional project that improves students’ understanding of firm-value creation and risk management. While this approach can be implemented in any MBA program, we focus specifically on accelerated MBA programs with tight time constraints. Our methods are different from most other integrated courses in several ways. Our cross-functional project bridges the knowledge gaps of students in the area …

Administrative Issues Journal: Table Of Contents

Administrative Issues Journal

No abstract provided.

Letter From The Editor-In-Chief, Tami Moser

Administrative Issues Journal

No abstract provided.

The Interim Superintendent: A Case Study, Gary Bigham, Susan J. Nix

Administrative Issues Journal

Considering the vitally important role that the superintendent plays in the overall functioning and wellbeing of any school district, the filling of that position should never be done in haste. Due to the importance of this process and the time it requires, school districts often employ an interim superintendent. In this single case study, one researcher engaged in qualitative research by actually assuming the role of an interim superintendent in a small West Texas school. The findings that emerged from this study consisted of identifying duties and roles of the interim superintendent in comparison with those of the regular superintendent. …

The District-Wide Sustainability Of A Professionallearning Community During Leadership Changesat The Superintendency Level, Chuey Abrego, Anita Pankake

Administrative Issues Journal

The purpose of this mixed methods follow-up single case study was two-fold: to determine if a school district was able to sustain a professional learning community (PLC) and to identify factors that enhanced, inhibited, or promoted the sustainability of a PLC from a district-wide perspective, with particular focus on how a change in leadership, i.e. a new superintendent, affected the sustainability of PLC attributes. In addition, the role of trust in influencing the sustainability of a professional learning community will be discussed in this paper.

Mentoring Postsecondary Tenure-Trackfaculty: A Theory-Building Case Study Andimplications For Institutional Policy, Dannielle Joy Davis, Patricia Boyer, Isela Russell

Administrative Issues Journal

The featured research uses theory-building case study to understand the experiences of junior faculty in a mentoring program. Findings suggest the importance of professional interaction for faculty members’ integration into their campus communities. An explanatory model illustrates the findings and supplements discussion of the implications for administrators in terms of retention of new faculty members in postsecondary settings.

Sticker Shock: Management Professors’Perspectives On The Rising Costs Of Collegetextbooks, Stan Williamson, Robert E. Stevens, Lawrence S. Silver, Kenneth E. Clow

Administrative Issues Journal

This study uses Internet survey methodology to target management instructors’ views on the cost of textbooks and the strategies that might be exercised by universities, publishers, and legislatures to control cost increases. From a random sample of 2,893 management professors selected, using university websites, from universities throughout the United States, 228 provided useable responses. Findings suggest that management instructors, particularly those with years of experience, acknowledge the concerns their students have over high textbook prices. They are willing to have legislation enacted to force changes in the marketing of the textbooks by publishers, but they do not want university policies …

A Study Of Riders' Noise Exposure On Bay Area Rapid Transit Trains, Alexis Dinno, Cynthia Powell, Margaret Mary King

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Excessive noise exposure may present a hazard to hearing, cardiovascular and psychosomatic health. Mass transit systems, such as the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system, are potential sources of excessive noise. The purpose of this study was to characterize transit noise and riders' exposure to noise on the BART system using three dosimetry metrics. We made 268 dosimetry measurements on a convenience sample of 51 line segments. Dosimetry measures were modeled using linear and non-linear multiple regression as functions of average velocity, tunnel enclosure, flooring, and wet weather conditions, and presented visually on a map of the BART system. This …

Himmelfarb Headlines - February/March 2011, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Headlines (2009 - present)

News and information about Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library of interest to users. Includes articles on large LCD monitors, GWUMC Research Commons, and profiles of Karen McDonnell, PhD, and Catherine Harris.

Being Surveyed Can Change Later Behavior And Related Parameter Estimates, Alix Peterson Zwane, Jonathan Zinman, Eric Van Dusen, William Pariente

Dartmouth Scholarship

Does completing a household survey change the later behavior of those surveyed? In three field studies of health and two of microlending, we randomly assigned subjects to be surveyed about health and/or household finances and then measured subsequent use of a related product with data that does not rely on subjects' self-reports. In the three health experiments, we find that being surveyed increases use of water treatment products and take-up of medical insurance. Frequent surveys on reported diarrhea also led to biased estimates of the impact of improved source water quality. In two microlending studies, we do not find an …

Universal Or Indicated Screening In Primary Care?, Matthew Wintersteen, Md

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

To the Editor: In the November 2010 issue, Schmitt and colleagues (1) reported that the duration of visits increased when depression screening was conducted in primary care. This report is timely given recent recommendations for both adult and pediatric screening for depression in primary care. Schmitt and colleagues examined data representative of more than 641 million primary care visits in2005–2007 and found that when depression screening was documented in patients’ records, physicians’ time with patients increased significantly.

Massachusetts’ Home Care Programs And Reasons For Discharge Into Nursing Homes, Cathy M. Wong, Nina M. Silverstein

Gerontology Institute Publications

Home and community-based services (HCBS) are a range of long-term care services intended to enable older adults and persons with disabilities to “age in place” in their own homes and communities. Previous studies well document that older adults prefer receiving HCBS rather than institutional care at a nursing home. One study concluded that 84 percent of older Americans, aged 50 years and older, want to remain in their homes for as long as possible. Medicaid is a major source of funding for long term care. Currently, a large proportion of Medicaid funds in most states has been spent on institutional, …

Salud Y Saludos: The E-News Of The College Of Health Sciences, College Of Health Sciences

College of Health Sciences

Electronic newsletter of the College of Health Sciences, February 2011

Lsuhsc Facilities Biweekly Update: February 2011, Lsuhsc Property And Facilities Management

LSUHSC Facilities Biweekly Updates: 2011

LSUHSC Facilities Biweekly Updates from February 11 and 25, 2011.

These updates describe damage and a timeline of repairs at the LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans campus due to Hurricane Katrina which made landfall August 29, 2005.

Lsuhsc Facilities Daily Updates: February 2011, Lsuhsc Property And Facilities Management

LSUHSC Facilities Daily Updates: 2011

LSUHSC Facilities Daily Updates from February 2011.

These updates describe damage and a timeline of repairs at the LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans campus due to Hurricane Katrina which made landfall August 29, 2005.