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Articles 151 - 162 of 162
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Kenia: Detectar La Sifilis Durante La Consulta Prenatal Resulta Costo-Efectivo, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Kenia: Detectar La Sifilis Durante La Consulta Prenatal Resulta Costo-Efectivo, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
La Organización Mundial de la Salud ha estipulado que la detección y tratamiento de sífilis para todas las mujeres embarazadas resulta eficaz en función de los costos si al menos el 0.1 por ciento de ellas están infectadas. Para atender el problema de la alta tasa de sífilis entre mujeres embarazadas (6.5–7.3%), el Concejo de la Ciudad de Nairobi (CCN) introdujo en 1989 la detección y tratamiento de sífilis materna en sus clínicas de atención prenatal. Sin embargo, su enfoque centralizado—que requiere llevar las muestras de sangre recolectadas a un laboratorio central para hacer la prueba—era ineficiente. Por lo tanto, …
Honduras: Promover Nuevos Servicios De Salud Reproductiva Es Costo-Efectivo, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Honduras: Promover Nuevos Servicios De Salud Reproductiva Es Costo-Efectivo, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
En 1999, la Secretaría de Salud de Honduras (SSH) modificó las Normas de Atención Integral a la Mujer a fin de autorizar a las auxiliares de enfermería a prestar los servicios de inserción de DIU, aplicación del inyectable DMPA y toma de Papanicolaou. Este cambio en las normas aborda el problema de la baja prevalencia en el uso de anticonceptivos en áreas rurales. El cambio también refleja los hallazgos de un estudio anterior, realizado por el Population Council, que mostró que las auxiliares de enfermería pueden proporcionar estos servicios de manera segura y con buena calidad. Anteriormente, las mujeres en …
An Assessment Of The Alternative Rites Approach For Encouraging Abandonment Of Female Genital Mutilation In Kenya, Jane Chege, Ian Askew, Jennifer Liku
An Assessment Of The Alternative Rites Approach For Encouraging Abandonment Of Female Genital Mutilation In Kenya, Jane Chege, Ian Askew, Jennifer Liku
Reproductive Health
Maendeleo Ya Wanawake (MYWO), with technical assistance from the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), has been implementing an Alternative Rite of passage programme as part of its efforts to eradicate the practice of female genital mutilation (FGM) in five districts in Kenya. This study addressed the factors that influence some families and individuals to adopt the Alternative Rite while others, exposed to the same messages discouraging FGM, decide not to. It also evaluated the effect of the training component of the Alternative Rite on the girls who participated.
Extending Operations Research To Social Marketing Programs, Teresa De Vargas
Extending Operations Research To Social Marketing Programs, Teresa De Vargas
Reproductive Health
CEMOPLAF of Quito, Ecuador sells reproductive health products to pharmacies and other outlets to contribute to its sustainability. However, the nonprofit agency lacked basic information regarding the program’s profitability, niche, and quality. Operations research was conducted to provide this information, including a financial analysis of the marketing program and two market research studies. Each study included a capacity-building component so that CEMOPLAF could conduct similar research in the future without technical assistance. A regional conference attended by nongovernmental organizations provided an opportunity to share sustainability tools and lessons learned.
El Impacto De Las Nuevas Technologias En El Futuro De Las Technicas De Evaluacion Psicologica Clinica, Richard H. Dana, Isidro A. E. Sanz, Barry A. Ritzler, Jan Ivanouw
El Impacto De Las Nuevas Technologias En El Futuro De Las Technicas De Evaluacion Psicologica Clinica, Richard H. Dana, Isidro A. E. Sanz, Barry A. Ritzler, Jan Ivanouw
Regional Research Institute for Human Services
En este trabajo se presentan reflexiones desde distintas perspectivas acerca del futuro de la Evaluación Psicológica y el papel que las tecnologías informáticas tendráen ella. En la actualidad, es innegable la importancia que ha alcanzado la informática dentro de las actividades académicas y profesionales en tomo a la Evaluación Psicológica. La capacidad cada vez mayor de las computadoras facilitó las tareas de investigación, desarrollo, y aplicación de tests psicológicos. Parece altamente previsible que en el futuro la informática tendrá un lugar aún mayor en el auxilio del psicógicos evaluador. Algunas posibles consecuencias futuras son expuestas y debatidas por los diferentes …
The Role Of Culture In Appraisal, Batja Mesquita, Phoebe C. Ellsworth
The Role Of Culture In Appraisal, Batja Mesquita, Phoebe C. Ellsworth
Book Chapters
During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries travelers to the South Seas brought back stories of a Malaysian emotional syndrom called amok, in which a person rushes around in a state of frenzy, recklessly attacking anyone who gets in the way, and impervious to all attempts at restraint. No Western language had a word that meant the same thing as amok, and Westerners were fascinated by this bizarre phenomenon. Fascinated, but not mystified. Amok was strange, but it was not unrecognizable, and the term "running amok" was quickly incorporated into Western speech to refer to a kind of violent …
A Bayesian Decision Approach For Sample Size Determination In Phase Ii Trials, Denis H. Y. Leung, You-Gan Wang
A Bayesian Decision Approach For Sample Size Determination In Phase Ii Trials, Denis H. Y. Leung, You-Gan Wang
Research Collection School Of Economics
Stallard (1998, Biometrics54, 279–294) recently used Bayesian decision theory for sample-size determination in phase II trials. His design maximizes the expected financial gains in the development of a new treatment. However, it results in a very high probability (0.65) of recommending an ineffective treatment for phase III testing. On the other hand, the expected gain using his design is more than 10 times that of a design that tightly controls the false positive error (Thall and Simon, 1994, Biometrics50, 337–349). Stallard's design maximizes the expected gain per phase II trial, but it does not maximize the rate of gain or …
Evidence For The Importance Of Community Involvement: Implications For Initiatives To Prevent Mother-To-Child Transmission Of Hiv, Ann Leonard, Purnima Mane, Naomi Rutenberg
Evidence For The Importance Of Community Involvement: Implications For Initiatives To Prevent Mother-To-Child Transmission Of Hiv, Ann Leonard, Purnima Mane, Naomi Rutenberg
HIV and AIDS
This paper offers lessons learned from a literature review of community involvement in biomedical and other technologies that can guide appropriate and effective introduction of services for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. A companion paper discusses research in Botswana and Zambia that showed gaps in community knowledge about HIV transmission, particularly from mother to child, and yielded insights into community perspectives about barriers to using voluntary counseling and testing services; stigma and fear associated with HIV; traditional norms on breastfeeding; and the role of family and community members in women’s decisions to participate in programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission …
Setting Prices For Reproductive Health Services In A Public Hospital In Guatemala, John H. Bratt, Adrian Valdez, Roberto Molina, Mario Alfaro, Marco Antonio Barrientos, Carlos Brambila, Werner Figueroa
Setting Prices For Reproductive Health Services In A Public Hospital In Guatemala, John H. Bratt, Adrian Valdez, Roberto Molina, Mario Alfaro, Marco Antonio Barrientos, Carlos Brambila, Werner Figueroa
Reproductive Health
The Hospital Roosevelt is Guatemala’s largest hospital, and serves as a referral and training facility for the entire country. Within the Hospital Roosevelt, the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology established a Reproductive Health Unit (RHU) to offer family planning information and services to obstetrics inpatients and OB/GYN outpatient clients, and to serve as a training site for medical residents completing their OB/GYN rotations. Hospital administrators requested assistance from the Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) program to help establish a fee schedule for the RHU, with the goal of paying its own personnel costs after one year of operation. The FRONTIERS …
Comment Promouvoir L'Utilisation Des Résultats D'Une Analyse Situationnelle À L'Échelle Nationale: Expérience Du Sénégal, Adama Ndoye, Bineta M'Bow, Cheikh Bamba Diop, Mady Cisse, Macoumba Thiam, Diouratie Sanogo, Mbacke Niang
Comment Promouvoir L'Utilisation Des Résultats D'Une Analyse Situationnelle À L'Échelle Nationale: Expérience Du Sénégal, Adama Ndoye, Bineta M'Bow, Cheikh Bamba Diop, Mady Cisse, Macoumba Thiam, Diouratie Sanogo, Mbacke Niang
Reproductive Health
Avec cette dissémination des résultats de l’Analyse Situationnelle (AS) de 1998 le Ministère de la Santé réalise la troisième activité de ce genre. Au sortir de la dissémination, plusieurs enseignements sont tirés: Une bonne préparation de l’activité est nécessaire et, dans ce sens, la place de l’atelier de planification et l’établissement concerté d’un calendrier des activités par les niveaux national et régional sont prépondérants. L’organisation pratique des ateliers de dissémination doit compter avec l’utilisation des professionnels de la santé des régions et des médias locaux. Cette initiative a permis de crédibiliser les résultats ce qui a favorisé leur appropriation par …
Benin: Diríjase A Los Hombres Para Aumentar El Uso De Los Servicios De Salud, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Benin: Diríjase A Los Hombres Para Aumentar El Uso De Los Servicios De Salud, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
Después del inicio de las reformas del sector salud en 1994, el gobierno de Benin creó el Proyecto de Salud Familiar Integral, conocido localmente como PROSAF. Este proyecto opera en la región de Borgou, bajo el patrocinio de la Agencia de los Estados Unidos para el Desarrollo Internacional. Dicha región es en su mayoría rural y en ella se observan los problemas de salud más severos del país. Los gerentes de PROSAF deseaban entender por qué la gente no estaba utilizando los servicios a pesar de tener una salud deficiente, por lo que solicitaron al Centro Africano de Investigación en …
Bénin: Target Men To Increase Use Of Health Services, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Bénin: Target Men To Increase Use Of Health Services, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
After initiating health sector reforms in 1994, the Bénin government established the Integrated Family Health Project, known as PROSAF. Funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development, PROSAF operates in the Borgou region, which is mostly rural and has the country’s most severe health problems. PROSAF managers wanted to understand why local people were not using health services, despite their poor health. As noted in this brief, managers requested that the African Population and Health Research Centre (APHRC) study the way households and communities make decisions on health care. In a study conducted in 2000 with support from the Population …