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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

You Have To Open It To Eat It: Does Food Packaging Used In Hospitals Impede Intake In A Well Older Population?, Alison F. Bell, Karen L. Walton, Emma Jenkins, Sarah Ryman Jan 2015

You Have To Open It To Eat It: Does Food Packaging Used In Hospitals Impede Intake In A Well Older Population?, Alison F. Bell, Karen L. Walton, Emma Jenkins, Sarah Ryman

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of a presentation at the ICCAS 2015 - The International Conference on Culinary Arts and Sciences: Opportunities and Challenges for Food and Eating in Society, Montclair State University, New Jersey, USA, 3-5 June.


Evaluating The Efficacy Of The Driving And Dementia Decision Aid (Dadd) As A Resource For Health Professionals To Support Drivers Living With A Dementia Facing Decisions Who May Need To Consider Driving Retirement, Catherine L. Andrew, Victoria Traynor, John Carmody, Jan Erven Jan 2015

Evaluating The Efficacy Of The Driving And Dementia Decision Aid (Dadd) As A Resource For Health Professionals To Support Drivers Living With A Dementia Facing Decisions Who May Need To Consider Driving Retirement, Catherine L. Andrew, Victoria Traynor, John Carmody, Jan Erven

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract presented at the 30th International Conference of Alzheimer's Disease International, 15 - 18 April 2015, Perth, Australia


Decreasing Methane Yield With Increasing Food Intake Keeps Daily Methane Emissions Constant In Two Foregut Fermenting Marsupials, The Western Grey Kangaroo And Red Kangaroo, Catharina Vendl, Marcus Clauss, Mathew Stewart, Keith Leggett, Jurgen Hummel, Michael Kreuzer, Adam J. Munn Jan 2015

Decreasing Methane Yield With Increasing Food Intake Keeps Daily Methane Emissions Constant In Two Foregut Fermenting Marsupials, The Western Grey Kangaroo And Red Kangaroo, Catharina Vendl, Marcus Clauss, Mathew Stewart, Keith Leggett, Jurgen Hummel, Michael Kreuzer, Adam J. Munn

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Fundamental differences in methane (CH4) production between macropods (kangaroos) and ruminants have been suggested and linked to differences in the composition of the forestomach microbiome. Using six western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) and four red kangaroos (Macropus rufus), we measured daily absoluteCH4 production in vivo aswell asCH4 yield (CH4 per unit of intake of dry matter, gross energy or digestible fibre) by open-circuit respirometry. Two food intake levels were tested using a chopped lucerne hay (alfalfa) diet. Bodymass-specific absoluteCH4 production resembled values previously reported in wallabies and non-ruminant herbivores such as horses, and did not differ with food intake level, …


Single-Molecule Imaging At High Fluorophore Concentrations By Local Activation Of Dye, Hylkje J. Geertsema, Aartje Schulte, Lisanne Spenkelink, William Mcgrath, Seamus R. Morrone, Jungsan Sohn, Walter Mangel, Andrew Robinson, Antoine M. Van Oijen Jan 2015

Single-Molecule Imaging At High Fluorophore Concentrations By Local Activation Of Dye, Hylkje J. Geertsema, Aartje Schulte, Lisanne Spenkelink, William Mcgrath, Seamus R. Morrone, Jungsan Sohn, Walter Mangel, Andrew Robinson, Antoine M. Van Oijen

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Single-molecule fluorescence microscopy is a powerful tool for observing biomolecular interactions with high spatial and temporal resolution. Detecting fluorescent signals from individual labeled proteins above high levels of background fluorescence remains challenging, however. For this reason, the concentrations of labeled proteins in in vitro assays are often kept low compared to their in vivo concentrations. Here, we present a new fluorescence imaging technique by which single fluo- rescent molecules can be observed in real time at high, physiologically relevant concentrations. The technique requires a protein and its macromolecular substrate to be labeled each with a different fluorophore. Making use of …


Knowledge Of Bout Duration Influences Pacing Strategies During Small-Sided Games, John Sampson, Hugh Fullagar, Tim Gabbett Jan 2015

Knowledge Of Bout Duration Influences Pacing Strategies During Small-Sided Games, John Sampson, Hugh Fullagar, Tim Gabbett

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

This investigation examines pacing during intermittent team sports. Sixteen junior Rugby League players participated in eight different small-sided offside touch games. All games were 24 min, but bout durations differed in continuous (1 × 24 min) or repeated (2 × 12, 3 × 8, 4 × 6, 6 × 4, 8 × 3, 12 × 2 or 24 × 1 min) formats. Repeat bouts were interspersed by 2 min of passive rest, and participants were informed of the bout duration immediately prior to the game. Heart rates, ratings of perceived exertion and data gathered from global positioning system devices were …


Esi-Ms Investigation Of An Equilibrium Between A Bimolecular Quadruplex Dna And A Duplex Dna/Rna Hybrid, Monica Birrento, Tracy Bryan, Siritron Samosorn, Jennifer L. Beck Jan 2015

Esi-Ms Investigation Of An Equilibrium Between A Bimolecular Quadruplex Dna And A Duplex Dna/Rna Hybrid, Monica Birrento, Tracy Bryan, Siritron Samosorn, Jennifer L. Beck

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) conditions were optimized for simultaneous observation of a bimolecular qDNA and a Watson-Crick base-paired duplex DNA/RNA hybrid. The DNA sequence used was telomeric DNA, and the RNA contained the template for telomerase-mediated telomeric DNA synthesis. Addition of RNA to the quadruplex DNA (qDNA) resulted in formation of the duplex DNA/RNA hybrid. Melting profiles obtained using circular dichroism spectroscopy confirmed that the DNA/RNA hybrid exhibited greater thermal stability than the bimolecular qDNA in solution. Binding of a 13-substituted berberine (1) derivative to the bimolecular qDNA stabilized its structure as evidenced by an increase in its stability …


Trends Of Ozone Total Columns And Vertical Distribution From Ftir Observations At Eight Ndacc Stations Around The Globe, C Vigouroux, Thomas Blumenstock, M T. Coffey, Q Errera, Omar E. Garcia, Nicholas B. Jones, J W. Hannigan, Frank Hase, B Liley, Emmanuel Mahieu, J Mellqvist, Justus Notholt, M Palm, G Persson, Matthias Schneider, C Servais, D Smale, L Tholix, M De Maziere Jan 2015

Trends Of Ozone Total Columns And Vertical Distribution From Ftir Observations At Eight Ndacc Stations Around The Globe, C Vigouroux, Thomas Blumenstock, M T. Coffey, Q Errera, Omar E. Garcia, Nicholas B. Jones, J W. Hannigan, Frank Hase, B Liley, Emmanuel Mahieu, J Mellqvist, Justus Notholt, M Palm, G Persson, Matthias Schneider, C Servais, D Smale, L Tholix, M De Maziere

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements of solar absorption spectra can provide ozone total columns with a precision of 2% but also independent partial column amounts in about four vertical layers, one in the troposphere and three in the stratosphere up to about 45km, with a precision of 5-6%. We use eight of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) stations having a long-term time series of FTIR ozone measurements to study the total and vertical ozone trends and variability, namely, Ny-Ålesund (79° N), Thule (77° N), Kiruna (68° N), Harestua (60° N), Jungfraujoch (47° N), Izaña …


Ecological Implications Of Fine-Scale Fire Patchiness And Severity In Tropical Savannas Of Northern Australia, Sofia L. J Oliveira, Manuel L. Campagnolo, Owen F. Price, Andrew C. Edwards, Jeremy Russell-Smith, Jose M. C Pereira Jan 2015

Ecological Implications Of Fine-Scale Fire Patchiness And Severity In Tropical Savannas Of Northern Australia, Sofia L. J Oliveira, Manuel L. Campagnolo, Owen F. Price, Andrew C. Edwards, Jeremy Russell-Smith, Jose M. C Pereira

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Understanding fine-scale fire patchiness has significant implications for ecological processes and biodiversity conservation. It can affect local extinction of and recolonisation by relatively immobile fauna and poorly seed-dispersed flora in fire-affected areas. This study assesses fine-scale fire patchiness and severity, and associated implications for biodiversity, in north Australian tropical savanna systems. We used line transects to sample burning patterns of ground layer vegetation in different seasons and vegetation structure types, within the perimeter of 35 fires that occurred between 2009 and 2011. We evaluated two main fire characteristics: patchiness (patch density and mean patch length) and severity (inferred from char …


Temperature-Dependent Resolution Of Conflict Over Rank Within A Size-Based Dominance Hierarchy, Samuel A. Matthews, Marian Y. L Wong Jan 2015

Temperature-Dependent Resolution Of Conflict Over Rank Within A Size-Based Dominance Hierarchy, Samuel A. Matthews, Marian Y. L Wong

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In social groups, hierarchies are the fundamental organizational unit and integral to the structure of social groups. For many social fishes, rank is determined by body size and conflict over rank is resolved via aggressive threats from dominants and growth restraint by subordinates. However, this balance may be offset by an alteration of abiotic factors, such as elevated temperature expected from climate change, which could thereby disrupt the usual mechanisms of conflict resolution. Here, we determined the effect of elevated temperature on hierarchy structure, stability, and conflict resolution in the Eastern mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki. Body size was significantly related to …


The Synthesis And Characterisation Of Coordination And Hydrogen-Bonded Networks Based On 4-(3,5-Dimethyl-1h-Pyrazol-4-Yl)Benzoic Acid, Macguire Bryant, Andrew D. Burrows, Christopher M. Fitchett, Chris S. Hawes, Sally O. Hunter, Luke L. Keenan, David J. Kelly, Paul E. Kruger, Mary F. Mahon, Christopher Richardson Jan 2015

The Synthesis And Characterisation Of Coordination And Hydrogen-Bonded Networks Based On 4-(3,5-Dimethyl-1h-Pyrazol-4-Yl)Benzoic Acid, Macguire Bryant, Andrew D. Burrows, Christopher M. Fitchett, Chris S. Hawes, Sally O. Hunter, Luke L. Keenan, David J. Kelly, Paul E. Kruger, Mary F. Mahon, Christopher Richardson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The synthesis, structural and thermal characterisation of a number of coordination complexes featuring the N,O-heteroditopic ligand 4-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)benzoate, HL are reported. The reaction of H2L with cobalt(II) and nickel(II) nitrates at room temperature in basic DMF/H2O solution gave discrete mononuclear coordination complexes with the general formula {[M(HL)2(H2O)4]·2DMF} (M = Co (1), Ni (2)), whereas the reaction with zinc(II) nitrate gave [Zn(HL)2]∞, 3, a coordination polymer with distorted diamondoid topology and fourfold interpenetration. Coordination about the tetrahedral Zn(II) nodes in 3 are furnished by two pyrazolyl nitrogen atoms and two carboxylate oxygen atoms to give a mixed N2O2 donor set. Isotopological coordination …


Stability Of The Octameric Structure Affects Plasminogen-Binding Capacity Of Streptococcal Enolase, Amanda J. Cork, Daniel J. Ericsson, Ruby H. P Law, Lachlan W. Casey, Eugene Valkov, Carlo Bertozzi, Anna L. Stamp, Blagojce Jovcevski, John Andrew Aquilina, James Whisstock, Mark J. Walker, Bostjan Kobe Jan 2015

Stability Of The Octameric Structure Affects Plasminogen-Binding Capacity Of Streptococcal Enolase, Amanda J. Cork, Daniel J. Ericsson, Ruby H. P Law, Lachlan W. Casey, Eugene Valkov, Carlo Bertozzi, Anna L. Stamp, Blagojce Jovcevski, John Andrew Aquilina, James Whisstock, Mark J. Walker, Bostjan Kobe

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a human pathogen that has the potential to cause invasive disease by binding and activating human plasmin(ogen). Streptococcal surface enolase (SEN) is an octameric α-enolase that is localized at the GAS cell surface. In addition to its glycolytic role inside the cell, SEN functions as a receptor for plasmin(ogen) on the bacterial surface, but the understanding of the molecular basis of plasmin(ogen) binding is limited. In this study, we determined the crystal and solution structures of GAS SEN and characterized the increased plasminogen binding by two SEN mutants. The plasminogen binding ability of SENK312A and …


Oxidant Trade-Offs In Immunity: An Experimental Test In A Lizard, Michael Tobler, Cissy Ballen, Mo Healey, Mark R. Wilson, Mats M. Olsson Jan 2015

Oxidant Trade-Offs In Immunity: An Experimental Test In A Lizard, Michael Tobler, Cissy Ballen, Mo Healey, Mark R. Wilson, Mats M. Olsson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Immune system functioning and maintenance entails costs which may limit investment into other processes such as reproduction. Yet, the proximate mechanisms and 'currencies' mediating the costs of immune responses remain elusive. In vertebrates, up-regulation of the innate immune system is associated with rapid phagocytic production of pro-oxidant molecules (so-called 'oxidative burst' responses). Oxidative burst responses are intended to eliminate pathogens but may also constitute an immunopathological risk as they may induce oxidative damage to self cells. To minimize the risk of infection and, at the same time, damage to self, oxidative burst activity must be carefully balanced. The current levels …


No Nursing Homes': General Practitioner Attitudes To Residential Aged Care Facility Visiting, Russell W. Pearson, Eniko Uvary, Andrew D. Bonney, Judy Mullan, Bridget R. Dijkmans-Hadley Jan 2015

No Nursing Homes': General Practitioner Attitudes To Residential Aged Care Facility Visiting, Russell W. Pearson, Eniko Uvary, Andrew D. Bonney, Judy Mullan, Bridget R. Dijkmans-Hadley

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of a poster presentation at the 2015 PHC Research Conference, Adelaide, 29-31 July, 2015.


Cytotoxic And Antimalarial Alkaloids From The Twigs Of Dasymaschalon Obtusipetalum, Atchara Jaidee, Thanika Promchai, Kongkiat Trisuwan, Surat Laphookhieo, Roonglawan Rattanajak, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan, Stephen G. Pyne, Thunwadee Ritthiwigrom Jan 2015

Cytotoxic And Antimalarial Alkaloids From The Twigs Of Dasymaschalon Obtusipetalum, Atchara Jaidee, Thanika Promchai, Kongkiat Trisuwan, Surat Laphookhieo, Roonglawan Rattanajak, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan, Stephen G. Pyne, Thunwadee Ritthiwigrom

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

One new p-quinonoid aporphine alkaloid, obtusipetadione (1), and eleven known compounds (2-12) were isolated from the acetone extract of the twigs of Dasymaschalon obtusipetalum. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxic and antimalarial activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Compound 1 showed significant in vitro antiplasmodial activity against the P. falciparum strains TM4 and K1 (multidrug resistant strain) with IC50 values of 2.460.12 and 1.380.99 μg/mL, respectively with no cytotoxicity. Compound 9 had more modest antiplasmodial activity, but significant cytotoxicity.


Diterpenoid Alkaloids Of Aconitum Laciniatum And Mitigation Of Inflammation By 14-O-Acetylneoline In A Murine Model Of Ulcerative Colitis, Phurpa Wangchuk, Severine Navarro, Catherine Shepherd, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne, Alex Loukas Jan 2015

Diterpenoid Alkaloids Of Aconitum Laciniatum And Mitigation Of Inflammation By 14-O-Acetylneoline In A Murine Model Of Ulcerative Colitis, Phurpa Wangchuk, Severine Navarro, Catherine Shepherd, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne, Alex Loukas

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Aconitum laciniatum is used in Bhutanese traditional medicine for treating various chronic infections and inflammatory conditions. We carried out in-depth isolation and characterization of the phytochemicals from the root component and determined the anti-inflammatory effects of the isolated compounds against chemically-induced colitis in mice. Five diterpenoid alkaloids - pseudaconitine, 14-veratroylpseudaconine, 14-O-acetylneoline, neoline, and senbusine A - were isolated from A. laciniatum for the first time. Two of the alkaloids were tested for anti-inflammatory properties in the TNBS-induced colitis model in mice. Various parameters were measured to assess pathology including weight loss, clinical and macroscopic scores, histological structure and IFN-γ production …


The Archaeology, Chronology And Stratigraphy Of Madjedbebe (Malakunanja Ii): A Site In Northern Australia With Early Occupation, Christopher Clarkson, Mike A. Smith, Benjamin Marwick, Richard Fullagar, Lynley A. Wallis, Patrick Faulkner, Tiina Manne, Elspeth Hayes, Richard G. Roberts, Zenobia Jacobs, Xavier Carah, Kelsey M. Lowe, Jacqueline Matthews, S Anna Florin Jan 2015

The Archaeology, Chronology And Stratigraphy Of Madjedbebe (Malakunanja Ii): A Site In Northern Australia With Early Occupation, Christopher Clarkson, Mike A. Smith, Benjamin Marwick, Richard Fullagar, Lynley A. Wallis, Patrick Faulkner, Tiina Manne, Elspeth Hayes, Richard G. Roberts, Zenobia Jacobs, Xavier Carah, Kelsey M. Lowe, Jacqueline Matthews, S Anna Florin

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Published ages of >50 ka for occupation at Madjedbebe (Malakunanja II) in Australia's north have kept the site prominent in discussions about the colonisation of Sahul. The site also contains one of the largest stone artefact assemblages in Sahul for this early period. However, the stone artefacts and other important archaeological components of the site have never been described in detail, leading to persistent doubts about its stratigraphic integrity. We report on our analysis of the stone artefacts and faunal and other materials recovered during the 1989 excavations, as well as the stratigraphy and depositional history recorded by the original …


Betahistine Co-Treatment Ameliorates Dyslipidemia Induced By Chronic Olanzapine Treatment In Rats Through Modulation Of Hepatic Ampkα-Srebp-1 And Pparα-Dependent Pathways, Xuemei Liu, Jiamei Lian, Chang-Hua Hu, Chao Deng Jan 2015

Betahistine Co-Treatment Ameliorates Dyslipidemia Induced By Chronic Olanzapine Treatment In Rats Through Modulation Of Hepatic Ampkα-Srebp-1 And Pparα-Dependent Pathways, Xuemei Liu, Jiamei Lian, Chang-Hua Hu, Chao Deng

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Second-generation antipsychotics including olanzapine are associated with weight gain, dyslipidemia and other metabolic disorders. Both animal and clinical studies have shown that co-treatment with betahistine (a histamine H1 receptor agonist/H3 receptor antagonist) is effective in controlling olanzapine-induced weight gain. In the present study, we investigate whether co-treatment with betahistine is able to prevent dyslipidemia induced by chronic olanzapine treatment and the underlying mechanisms. Female rats were orally administered with olanzapine (1 mg/kg, t.i.d.) for 3.5 consecutive weeks and then a 2.5-week drug withdrawal. Then, rats were divided into 4 groups for 5 weeks treatment: (1) vehicle, (2) olanzapine-only (1 mg/kg, …


Interval Squeeze: Altered Fire Regimes And Demographic Responses Interact To Threaten Woody Species Persistence As Climate Changes, Neal Enright, Joseph B. Fontaine, David M. J. S Bowman, Ross A. Bradstock, Richard J. Williams Jan 2015

Interval Squeeze: Altered Fire Regimes And Demographic Responses Interact To Threaten Woody Species Persistence As Climate Changes, Neal Enright, Joseph B. Fontaine, David M. J. S Bowman, Ross A. Bradstock, Richard J. Williams

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Projected effects of climate change across many ecosystems globally include more frequent disturbance by fire and reduced plant growth due to warmer (and especially drier) conditions. Such changes affect species - particularly fire-intolerant woody plants - by simultaneously reducing recruitment, growth, and survival. Collectively, these mechanisms may narrow the fire interval window compatible with population persistence, driving species to extirpation or extinction. We present a conceptual model of these combined effects, based on synthesis of the known impacts of climate change and altered fire regimes on plant demography, and describe a syndrome we term interval squeeze. This model predicts that …


Propensity Of Red Blood Cells To Undergo P2x7 Receptor-Mediated Phosphatidylserine Exposure Does Not Alter During In Vivo Or Ex Vivo Aging, Reece A. Sophocleous, Phillip R.F Mullany, Kelly M. Winter, Denese C. Marks, Ronald Sluyter Jan 2015

Propensity Of Red Blood Cells To Undergo P2x7 Receptor-Mediated Phosphatidylserine Exposure Does Not Alter During In Vivo Or Ex Vivo Aging, Reece A. Sophocleous, Phillip R.F Mullany, Kelly M. Winter, Denese C. Marks, Ronald Sluyter

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure facilitates the removal of red blood cells (RBCs) from the circulation, potentially contributing to the loss of stored RBCs after transfusion, as well as senescent RBCs. Activation of the P2X7 receptor by extracellular adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) can induce PS exposure on freshly isolated human RBCs, but whether this process occurs in stored RBCs or changes during RBC aging is unknown. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS RBCs were processed and stored according to Australian blood banking guidelines. PS exposure was determined by annexin V binding and flow cytometry. Efficacy of P2X antagonists was assessed by flow cytometric measurements of …


Early Palaeozoic Continental Growth In The Tasmanides Of Northeast Gondwana And Its Implications For Rodinia Assembly And Rifting, Chris L. Fergusson, R A. Henderson Jan 2015

Early Palaeozoic Continental Growth In The Tasmanides Of Northeast Gondwana And Its Implications For Rodinia Assembly And Rifting, Chris L. Fergusson, R A. Henderson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Gondwana formed in the Neoproterozoic to Cambrian mainly from collision along the East African and Kuunga orogens at about the same time that the Gondwana palaeo-Pacific facing margin became a long-lived active margin and formed the Terra Australis Orogen. This orogen, and in particular the Tasman Orogenic Belt (the Tasmanides) sector of eastern Australia, is distinguished by widespread shortening of quartz turbidite successions and underlying oceanic basement, with less abundant island arc assemblages. Early Palaeozoic accretionary development of the Tasmanides followed Rodinia breakup at 800-750 Ma to form the palaeo-Pacific Ocean. In eastern Australia, a second rifting episode at 600-580 …


Riverine Li Isotope Fractionation In The Amazon River Basin Controlled By The Weathering Regimes, Mathieu Dellinger, Jerome Gaillardet, Julien Bouchez, Damien Calmels, Pascale Louvat, Anthony Dosseto, Caroline Gorge, Lucia Alanoca, Laurence Maurice Jan 2015

Riverine Li Isotope Fractionation In The Amazon River Basin Controlled By The Weathering Regimes, Mathieu Dellinger, Jerome Gaillardet, Julien Bouchez, Damien Calmels, Pascale Louvat, Anthony Dosseto, Caroline Gorge, Lucia Alanoca, Laurence Maurice

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

We report Li isotope composition (δ7Li) of river-borne dissolved and solid material in the largest River system on Earth, the Amazon River basin, to characterize Li isotope fractionation at a continental scale. The δ7Li in the dissolved load (+1.2‰ to +32‰) is fractionated toward heavy values compared to the inferred bedrock (−1‰ to 5‰) and the suspended sediments (−6.8‰ to −0.5‰) as a result of the preferential incorporation of 6Li into secondary minerals during weathering. Despite having very contrasted weathering and erosion regimes, both Andean headwaters and lowland rivers share similar ranges of dissolved δ7Li (+1.2‰ to +18‰). Correlations between …


The Theory Of Planned Behaviour And Dietary Patterns: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Mairtin S. Mcdermott, Madalyn Oliver, Thomas Simnadis, Eleanor Beck, Tim Coltman, Donald C. Iverson, Peter Caputi, Rajeev Sharma Jan 2015

The Theory Of Planned Behaviour And Dietary Patterns: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Mairtin S. Mcdermott, Madalyn Oliver, Thomas Simnadis, Eleanor Beck, Tim Coltman, Donald C. Iverson, Peter Caputi, Rajeev Sharma

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Objective Promoting adherence to healthy dietary patterns is a critical public health issue. Models of behaviour, such as the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) allow programme designers to identify antecedents of dietary patterns and design effective interventions. The primary aim of this study was to examine the association between TPB variables and dietary patterns. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate average correlations. Meta-regression was used to test the impact of moderator variables. Results In total, 22 reports met the inclusion criteria. Attitudes had the strongest association with intention (r+ …


Criteria For Assessing The Quality Of Middle Pleistocene To Holocene Vertebrate Fossil Ages, Marta Rodríguez-Reya, Salvador Herrando-Péreza, Richard Gillespie, Zenobia Jacobs, Frédérik Saltréa, Barry W. Brook, Gavin J. Prideaux, Richard G. Roberts, Alan Cooper, John Alroy, Gifford H. Miller, Michael I. Bird, Chris N. Johnson, Nicholas Beeton, Christian Turney, Corey J. A Bradshaw Jan 2015

Criteria For Assessing The Quality Of Middle Pleistocene To Holocene Vertebrate Fossil Ages, Marta Rodríguez-Reya, Salvador Herrando-Péreza, Richard Gillespie, Zenobia Jacobs, Frédérik Saltréa, Barry W. Brook, Gavin J. Prideaux, Richard G. Roberts, Alan Cooper, John Alroy, Gifford H. Miller, Michael I. Bird, Chris N. Johnson, Nicholas Beeton, Christian Turney, Corey J. A Bradshaw

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Confidence in fossil ages is a recognized constraint for understanding changes in archaeological and palaeontological records. Poor estimates of age can lead to erroneous inferences-such as timing of species arrival, range expansions and extinctions-preventing robust hypothesis testing of the causes and consequences of past events. Therefore, age reliability must be demonstrated before patterns and mechanisms are inferred. Here we present a generalized quality-rating scheme based on a two-stage set of objective criteria: first, our method assesses the reliability of an age regarding the dating procedure, and second, if the age is based on association, it assesses the confidence in its …


Rising Seas Threaten To Drown Important Mangrove Forests, Unless We Intervene, Neil Saintilan, Catherine E. Lovelock, Kerrylee Rogers Jan 2015

Rising Seas Threaten To Drown Important Mangrove Forests, Unless We Intervene, Neil Saintilan, Catherine E. Lovelock, Kerrylee Rogers

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Mangroves are some of the world's most important trees. They provide food and resources for people and animals, protect coasts, and store huge amounts of carbon. The world's largest mangrove forest - the Sundarbans in the Bay of Bengal - supports millions of livelihoods. In terms of the services they provide, they are worth nearly US$200,000 per hectare per year. But these coastal forests are threatened by rising seas and human development. In a study published today in Nature, we show that some of these forests will drown unless we help them.


Points To Consider In The Development Of Seed Stocks Of Pluripotent Stem Cells For Clinical Applications: International Stem Cell Banking Initiative (Iscbi), Peter W. Andrews, Duncan Baker, N Benvinisty, B Miranda, K Bruce, O Brustle, M Choi, Young Min Choi, Jeremy M. Crook, Paul A. De Sousa Jan 2015

Points To Consider In The Development Of Seed Stocks Of Pluripotent Stem Cells For Clinical Applications: International Stem Cell Banking Initiative (Iscbi), Peter W. Andrews, Duncan Baker, N Benvinisty, B Miranda, K Bruce, O Brustle, M Choi, Young Min Choi, Jeremy M. Crook, Paul A. De Sousa

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In 2009 the International Stem Cell Banking Initiative (ISCBI) contributors and the Ethics Working Party of the International Stem Cell Forum published a consensus on principles of best practice for the procurement, cell banking, testing and distribution of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines for research purposes [1], which was broadly also applicable to human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines. Here, we revisit this guidance to consider what the requirements would be for delivery of the early seed stocks of stem cell lines intended for clinical applications.


Uptake Of Nutrition Informatics In Australia Compared With The Usa, Kirsty Maunder, Karen L. Walton, Peter G. Williams, Maree Ferguson, Eleanor Beck, Elaine Ayres, Lindsey Hoggle Jan 2015

Uptake Of Nutrition Informatics In Australia Compared With The Usa, Kirsty Maunder, Karen L. Walton, Peter G. Williams, Maree Ferguson, Eleanor Beck, Elaine Ayres, Lindsey Hoggle

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Aim To determine the method and extent of health information technology (HIT) utilisation, roles in relation to HIT in the workplace and perceived barriers and benefits of HIT by dietitians in Australia and provide a comparison with dietitians in the USA. Methods A survey adapted from the 2011 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (Academy) was utilised and circulated electronically to Dietitians Association of Australia members and advertised through a professional nutrition website in 2013. The survey encompassed 25 questions on computer access and use, data sources, experience using HIT, organisational involvement and perceived barriers and benefits to HIT. Descriptive statistics, …


Antarctic Moss Stress Assessment Based On Chlorophyll Content And Leaf Density Retrieved From Imaging Spectroscopy Data, Zbynek Malenovky, Johanna Turnbull, Arko Lucieer, Sharon A. Robinson Jan 2015

Antarctic Moss Stress Assessment Based On Chlorophyll Content And Leaf Density Retrieved From Imaging Spectroscopy Data, Zbynek Malenovky, Johanna Turnbull, Arko Lucieer, Sharon A. Robinson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The health of several East Antarctic moss-beds is declining as liquid water availability is reduced due to recent environmental changes. Consequently, a noninvasive and spatially explicit method is needed to assess the vigour of mosses spread throughout rocky Antarctic landscapes. Here, we explore the possibility of using near-distance imaging spectroscopy for spatial assessment of moss-bed health. Turf chlorophyll a and b, water content and leaf density were selected as quantitative stress indicators. Reflectance of three dominant Antarctic mosses Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Ceratodon purpureus and Schistidium antarctici was measured during a drought-stress and recovery laboratory experiment and also with an imaging spectrometer …


A Golden Anniversary For Soil Science In Fiji, R John Morrison, David M. Leslie Jan 2015

A Golden Anniversary For Soil Science In Fiji, R John Morrison, David M. Leslie

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

2015 represents the golden anniversary of the publication of a most significant document for soil science in Fiji. The Soil Resources of the Fiji Islands, 2 Volumes, by Ian T. Twyford and A. Charles S. Wright was published in 1965 by the government printer in Suva. This was the result of intensive field work with accompanying laboratory studies and a detailed inventory of land use in the colony (as it was then) in the 1950s and early 1960s. The publication consisted of a descriptive and interpretative volume (Volume 1, 570 p) and an accompanying set of maps (Volume 2). The …


Core Handling, Ronald Conze, Thomas Gorgas, Alexander Francke, Henning Lorenz Jan 2015

Core Handling, Ronald Conze, Thomas Gorgas, Alexander Francke, Henning Lorenz

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

No abstract provided.


Good Enough Evaluation, Valerie J. Wilson, Tanya Mccance Jan 2015

Good Enough Evaluation, Valerie J. Wilson, Tanya Mccance

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

A significant obligation still rests with practitioners and researchers to help spread an understanding - and ultimately a valuing - of person-centred practice among stakeholders at various levels, through systematic and meaningful evaluation of their efforts. While there is a range of frameworks (for example, Praxis and Fourth Generation Evaluation) that help guide the evaluation process, there is still the tendency to feel overwhelmed by choices when selecting the right tools or measures for the right people at the right time. In addition, a burden may be created by the amount and range of data produced and how this is …