Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Accelerating And Expanding Knowledge Transfer In Public Health Settings, Glen Mays

Glen Mays

Creating a "rapid-learning" system in public health requires mechanisms for the continuous exchange of knowledge and evidence among researchers, practice settings, and policy decision-makers. The open-access platform Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research provides a new mechanism for this exchange.

Advancing Occupational Therapy In Workplace Health And Wellbeing: A Scoping Review, Lynn Shaw Dr., Amanda Kollee, Helen Ren, Kayla Lofgren, Savannah Saarloos, Kirsten Slaven, Ann Bossers

Lynn Shaw

Advancing Occupational Therapy in Workplace Health and Well-being: A Scoping Review Amanda Kollee, Helen Ren, Kayla Lofgren, Savannah Saarloos, Kirsten Slaven, Ann Bossers & Lynn Shaw Background: Workplace health continues to be a goal that workers and employers desire. For instance, organizations want to adapt and find ways to accommodate the changing needs of workers as they grow older and develop chronic health conditions. Preventative strategies are required to maintain health and limit the burden on both organizations and individual workers. Occupational therapists can support workplaces to foster the personal health and well-being of workers and to develop workplace environments …

Building The Science Of Public Health Delivery: Advances In Public Health Services And Systems Research, Glen Mays

Glen Mays

Efforts to improve the health and economic performance of the U.S. health system require evidence about how best to deliver public health strategies that protect health and prevent disease and injury on a population-wide basis. The field of public health services and systems research is building a "science of delivery" in public health that complements the evidence-based practice movement in medical care.

Building The Science Of Public Health Delivery: Advances In Public Health Services And Systems Research, Glen Mays

Glen Mays

Efforts to improve the health and economic performance of the U.S. health system require evidence about how best to deliver public health strategies that protect health and prevent disease and injury on a population-wide basis. The field of public health services and systems research is building a "science of delivery" in public health that complements the evidence-based practice movement in medical care.

Public Health Delivery Systems And Population Health: What We Know And Need To Learn, Glen P. Mays

Glen Mays

Efforts to improve population health hinge on the performance of the complex and heterogeneous delivery systems that are charged with implementing public health programs and policies across the U.S. Rigorous research on public health delivery systems historically has been much more limited than research on the specific programs and policies they deliver. Correcting these gaps in knowledge and evidence will allow for accelerated progress in improving health and containing costs through prevention.

Estimating The Health And Economic Effects Of Public Health Spending, Glen P. Mays

Glen Mays

Preventable health conditions account for more than 75% of the $2.7 trillion spent annually on health care in the U.S., yet less than 5% of these expenditures are devoted to public health programs and services that are designed to prevent and control disease and injury rather than to treat the downstream consequences of these conditions. Such limited expenditures in public health may contribute to the higher rates of preventable morbidity, mortality and excess medical costs experienced in the U.S. compared to other high-income countries. In this presentation, I update previous estimates of the health effects and medical cost offsets associated …

Research Protocol For The Multi-Network Practice And Outcome Variation (Mprove) Study, Glen P. Mays

Glen Mays

The Multi-Network Practice and Outcome Variation Examination Study (MPROVE) engages public health practice-based research networks (PBRNs) in the collection and analysis of measures of public health delivery across a large number of local practice settings in order to examine the causes and consequences of practice variation in public health. This document presents the research protocol for collecting and analyzing MPROVE measures of the reach, volume, intensity, and quality of public health delivery in three domains of activity: chronic disease prevention, communicable disease control, and environmental health protection.

Public Health Delivery And Cost Studies, Glen Mays

Glen Mays

This program provides public health PBRNs with research funding to implement studies that identify the costs of delivering public health services, and that elucidate the delivery system characteristics that influence the effectiveness, efficiency, and equity of these services. Up to 12 projects may be selected to receive funding. Two categories of awards will be available: 1) 12-month projects to receive funding of up to $50,000 each, and 2) 18-month projects to receive funding of up to $150,000.

Public Health Expenditures, Public Health Delivery Systems, And Population Health, Glen Mays

Glen Mays

This seminar examines a series of approaches for estimating the health and economic effects attributable to public health expenditures in the U.S., along with a novel method for estimating economies of scale and scope in the delivery of public health services. The use of instrumental-variables techniques and network analytic methods are described in these research approaches.

Prevalence And Factors Associated With Maternal Postpartum Hemorrhage In Khyber Agency, Pakistan., Tazeen S. Ali Dr, Nasreen Gani Dr

Tazeen S Ali Dr

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is one of the main causes of maternal mortality globally. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of PPH and identify factors associated with PPH in Khyber Agency, Pakistan. Methodology: A quantitative, cross-sectional study design was selected to estimate the prevalence and associated factors for PPH among married women aged 15–49 years, residing in the Khyber Agency, FATA, Pakistan. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was adapted with some modifications to interview 1,000 women. Results: Prevalence of PPH was 21.3% in the study population. Factors associated with PPH were age, number of pregnancies, duration of …

Validity And Reliability Testing: Urdu Translated Modified Response To Symptoms Questionnaire, Tazeen S. Ali Dr, Saleema Allana Dr, Khurshid Khowaja Dr, Aamir Hameed Khan Dr, Debra Kay Moser Dr

Tazeen S Ali Dr

Objective: To determine validity and reliability of the Urdu translated, modified “Response to symptoms questionnaire” (RSQ) among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients in Karachi. Study Design: A qualitative, tool validation study. Place and Duration of Study: Two tertiary care hospitals in Karachi, the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi and the Karachi Institute of Heart Diseases, from December 2010 to April 2011. Methodology: After making certain modifications, the original tool in English was translated into Urdu. Next, five cardiology experts evaluated the tool for its content and face validity. Test retest and inter rater reliabilities were computed for the RSQ using …

Conceptualization Of A Research Study: An Exemplar, Tazeen S. Ali Dr, Saleema Allana Dr, Khurshid Khowaja Dr, Aamir Hameed Khan Dr, Debra Kay Moser Dr

Tazeen S Ali Dr

Conceptualization of a research study is the most critical phase, which includes several meticulous steps. The first step in the process is to identify the common research problems that prevail in a particular context, either through clinical observations or through literature review; each of these sources may be used to validate the problem identified through the other. The next step involves an in depth literature search to identify the work previously done in the field, determining the gap in the existing body of literature and establishing the need for the proposed study. The final step of the conceptualization phase is …

Commentary: Critical Analysis Of Chiropractic At The Crossroads Or Are We Just Going Around In Circles., Dennis M. Richards

Dennis M Richards

This commentary presents critical analysis of a paper published by Dr John Reggars, and based, as he admitted, on his perceptions and opinions. Many of those are wrong. Others raise important questions. Sourced from a lecture presented by him at the 2010 annual conference of the Chiropractic and Osteopathic College of Australia (‘COCA’), this polemic is best understood in its historical and political contexts. COCA’s objects include political activity and Reggars is its vice president, which he failed to declare.

Could You Repeat That Please? Forty-Five Years Of Testing Pesticides On People, Barbara R. Leiterman Esq.

Barbara R. Leiterman Esq.

Little has been published in the literature about pesticide experiments conducted on human subjects. Yet there were at least twenty-two tests between 1967 and 2011 in which people were intentionally exposed to specific doses of pesticides. Almost all of these experiments violated scientific ethics and human rights. This article aims to describe those tests and their shortcomings, and explore the laws and regulations that incentivize such human experimentation. Ironically, as the public desire for pesticide safety increases, so does the industry’s motivation to test pesticides on people. Bringing these pesticide experiments to light, expanding the public discourse on the subject …

Youth Aging Out Of Foster Care: The Invisible Public Health Care Crisis Emergent Findings And Implications For Policy And Practice, Angelique G. Day

Angelique G Day

The purpose of this paper is to review related literature on foster care transitions and identify the implications for practice. Findings indicate that young people aging out of foster care face significant barriers that impede their ability to transition successfully to adulthood. This population is growing, and the collective negative social outcomes constitute a serious public health care crisis that needs to be addressed.

The Role Of The Chinese Personal Name In Identity Formation, Ronald W. Teague Phd, Abpp

Ronald W Teague PhD, ABPP

No abstract provided.

Analysis United Kingdom And United States Healthcare, Joyce K. Kutin

Joyce K Kutin RN, MSN, MOL

United Kingdom and the United States are two dissimilar health systems each having uniquely differing focuses, where the primary differences are a parliamentary verses a republic government application toward the socioeconomic requirements of the populace. The United Kingdom’s National Health Service interprets health care as a public service rather than the commodity. The United States healthcare system is riddled with disparities regarding quality, access and cost. The socioeconomic poor and or homeless are less likely to utilize the healthcare system when compared to others who are more fortunate. Health care systems are facing the same challenges around the world with …

Retention Of New Graduate Gen Y Nurses, Joyce K. Kutin

Joyce K Kutin RN, MSN, MOL

The purpose of this paper is to review the research of new residency programs on Generation Y retention and the quality implications that influence the organization. General orientation of all nurses upon hire has been the standard practice with preceptoring of senior nurses from the individual units. The process of each unit’s orientation and standards was different without respect to the individual nurse’s experience. Prior to the implementation of the Nurse Residency program for new graduate generation y nurses, the turnover rate within the first year was greater than 50 percent. Health care organizations and their leaders need to anticipate …

The Role Of Alcohol In Forging And Maintaining Friendships Amongst Scottish Men In Mid-Life, Carol Emslie, Kate Hunt, Antonia Lyons

Dr Carol Emslie

Objective: Men drink more heavily and are more likely to die from alcohol-related causes than women. Most alcohol research focuses on young drinkers. We describe the context of men’s drinking in mid-life and explore how alcohol is associated with the construction of masculinities.

Methods: Qualitative research was used to examine the social context of drinking alcohol. We conducted 15 focus groups (single and mixed sex) with respondents in the west of Scotland, UK. Here, we focus on the findings from 22 men aged 28 to 52 years.

Results: Men regarded drinking pints of beer in the pub together as an …

Knowledge, Attitudes And Perceptions Of Immigrants From Third Countries In Cyprus, On Hiv/Aids And Sexual And Reproductive Health. The Implication Of Nursing Ethics To Healthcare, Christiana Kouta, Constantinos Phellas, Charis P. Kaite

Charis P. Kaite

Background: Cultural, social policy and legal factors contribute to HIV vulnerability amongst ethnic minorities. Insufficient knowledge on HIV transmission and prevention contributes in engaging in risky sexual behaviours that increase the risk of infection. Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions amongst immigrants, foreign students and foreign workers living in Cyprus on HIV/AIDS. Μethods and Material:. The sample consisted of 600 migrant from third countries from two cities in Cyprus (Nicosia, Limassol). Both men and women were included in the study sample. A closed-ended questionnaire referring to the knowledge, attitudes and behaviour …