Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Evaluation Of A Community-Based Cervical Cancer Education Program On Perceptions And Knowledge Of Screening Among Low-Income Hispanic Women, Claudia S. Lozano

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Cervical cancer affects Hispanic women disproportionately in comparison to their non-Hispanic white counterparts. In 2004, the incidence rate was 12.2 per 100,000 persons among Hispanic women compared to 7.5 per 100,000 among non-Hispanic white women (U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group, 2007). Although this form of cancer is easily diagnosed through recommended screening tests, Hispanic women are often less likely to get screened (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2000). Research based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) examining attitudes and beliefs about cervical cancer and screening among Hispanic women has demonstrated that non-compliance with Pap smear screening was attributed …

Understanding Middle School Students' Perspectives Regarding Physical Activity And Fitness, Susan Yesalonia

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Research confirms inactivity increases in adolescence and that unfit youth are at risk of acquiring cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, or other significant physical disorders later in life. Thus, the purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe the experience of chronically inactive children who were exposed to an exercise intervention program. The specific focus of the research was to better understand the essential educational needs of the participants and the effective elements of the program, Moving for Fun (MFF), a 7-week after-school fitness intervention program designed to modify chronic inactivity. Open-ended interviews and 3 observations were conducted with 8 middle …

A Comparison Of Lifestyle Intervention Sessions And Clinical Screening As Motivators In The South Dakota Wisewoman Program, Jacy Clarke

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

WISEWOMAN (WW) is a comprehensive program for medically underserved women in South Dakota (SD), aged 30 to 64, which aims to reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases. Screening services include blood total cholesterol, blood pressure and blood glucose, and body mass index (BMI). Lifestyle intervention (LSI) sessions are also offered to address physical activity and nutrition. The purpose of this retrospective longitudinal study was to quantitatively examine whether the combination of LSI's and clinical screenings or clinical screenings alone lead to improvements in blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, and/or BMI at rescreening 10 to14 months from initial screening. …

Recent High School Graduates Knowledge About Physical Activity Guidelines And Disease Related To Sedentary Lifestyle, Soojin Yoo

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This study examined recent high school graduates' knowledge about physical activity (PA) guidelines and disease related to sedentary lifestyle. Using a cross-sectional descriptive design, focus was on assessing knowledge performance and relating it to gender, ethnicity, PA behavior, and conceptualizations about high school health education (HE) and physical education (PE). Study participants were 394 recent high school graduates between the ages of 18-20 years of age. Participants completed a questionnaire designed to measure knowledge about PA guidelines and disease associated with sedentary lifestyle. In addition, the questionnaire also comprised items designed to capture demographical information and provide some information about …

Increasing Referrals For Services Through Collaboration With Community Agencies, Benjamin Mohr

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The purpose of the project is to investigate how a non-profit organization can collaborate better with other agencies to increase referrals for services. Research was conducted to determine the best avenue of increasing utilization of services in southeast Minnesota by strategic planning. A survey was conducted of 15 southeast Minnesota counties to conduct a SWOT analysis of 3 key services offered by Family Focus that are currently underutilized. Information was compiled in order to support a more comprehensive marketing plan to build relationships with county agencies and increase awareness and use of the services provided by the agency. Recommendations and …

The Lived Experience Of Hiv-Positive Tanzanian Orphans, Carol A. Parker

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The purpose of this investigation was to generate a context- specific model of the lived experience of HIV positive Tanzanian orphans. With the advent of anti-retroviral drugs, Sub-Saharan African populations with high burdens of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) face annually accumulating increases in the number of HIV positive children, and ultimately adults. Perinatally infected, these children often become orphans while still young. Extended interviews were performed with a purposive sample of 12 HIV infected orphaned children between 9 and 12 years of age. Half of the research participants lived in an orphanage and half were children living with guardians in …

Implications For Nursing Practice: Delivering The Folic Acid Message, Kimberly Townsend Little

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In 1995, North Carolina (NC) had one of the highest prevalence rates of neural tube defects (NTDs) in the United States. Since the NC Folic Acid Council began focusing their efforts on educating women of childbearing age regarding NTDs in 1994, the prevalence of NTDs has declined overall by 40%; however, NTD prevalence among Hispanics in NC continues to be double the rate of non-Hispanics. Research has found daily consumption of a multivitamin with folic acid significantly decreases NTDs. Healthy People 2010 include in their objectives the need to increase folic acid consumption in women and reduce the NTD rates. …

Taking Be Proud! Be Responsible! To The Suburbs: A Replication Study, Elaine A. Borawski, Erika S. Trapl, Kimberly Adams-Tufts, Laura L. Hayman, Merdith A. Goodwin, Loren D. Lovegreen

Ellmer School of Nursing Faculty Publications

CONTEXT: An important phase of HIV prevention research is replicating successful interventions with different groups and in different settings.

METHODS: Be Proud! Be Responsible!, a successful intervention originally targeting black urban males and carried out in nonschool settings, was presented in health classes at urban and suburban schools with diverse student bodies. A group-randomized intervention study, which included 1,357 ninth and 10th graders from 10 paired schools in a Midwestern metropolitan area, was conducted in 2000-2002. Half the schools received the intervention, and half received a general health promotion program. Students' reports of their sexual behavior and selected cognitive mediators …

Faktor Sosio Ekonomi Yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Minum Obat Antihipertensi, Pujiyanto Pujiyanto

Kesmas

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang banyak diderita penduduk dengan kecenderungan meningkat seiring bertambahnya umur. Dengan bertambahnya umur harapan hidup maka dimasa depan hipertensi akan menjadi masalah kesehatan yang serius. Salah satu upaya mengatasi hipertensi adalah dengan minum obat antihipertensi. Keteraturan meminum obat ditentukan oleh kepatuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi pengaruh faktor sosio-ekonomi terhadap kepatuhan minum obat. Jenis penelitian adalah studi kualitatif dengan teknik wawancara mendalam. Informan adalah penderita hipertensi yang tinggal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Beji Kota Depok, berjumlah 8 orang meliputi kategori lansia/non lansia dan laki-laki/perempuan. Wawancara dilakukan di rumah informan pada minggu pertama dan kedua Juni 2007. …

The Effect Of Knowledge And Attitudes Of Emergency Contraception On Its Use In Undergraduate Students, Amanda Marie Waldrup

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

A web-based cross sectional analysis utilizing the Spearman Coefficient was used to examine the relationship between 341 college students’ knowledge and attitudes toward emergency contraception. Personal characteristics and background factors such as age, race, gender, past and current use of contraception, past unintended pregnancies, and type of sex education in high school were compared to current knowledge levels and attitudes as related to use among college students. Results indicated that general knowledge is high, but detailed knowledge is lacking. Confusion between emergency contraception and RU-486 exist, which could lead to concerned attitudes ultimately effecting use. Most high schools that offer …

Klimowicz, Teresa Dolores (Fa 352), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 352. Paper: "[Aerobics Class]" written by Teresa Dolores Klimowicz for a Western Kentucky University folk studies class.

Exploratory Study Of Environmental Effects On Physical Activity And Overweight In Older Women: Research Update, Heather A. Whitcomb, Kosuke Tamura, Lauren Milius, Francine Laden, Steve Melly, Peter James, Robin Puett, Ellen Cromley, Eran Ben-Joseph, Philip J. Troped

GIS Day

Background: Physical inactivity and obesity are major public health issues. Recent studies have provided evidence that attributes of the built environment influence physical activity among adults and that factors such as greater urban sprawl are related to overweight and obesity. Few studies have developed objective individual-level measures of the built environment, a geographic scale that may be more relevant to certain types of physical activity, such as walking. In addition, further research is needed to assess the associations of both objective and perceived environmental factors with physical activity. In this 2-year exploratory study funded by the National Cancer Institute, we …

Roofing Foreman Dies From Telescopic Boom Lift Fall, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Falls

On a winter day in 2008, a male roofer/ foreman died after falling from a telescopic boom lift. He and four other roofing crew members were installing a new roof at a residence undergoing restoration. They had arrived at the job site at approximately 7:45 AM.

At approximately 8:00 AM, the foreman and two roofers were installing flashing on the roof of an alcove on the south side of the house while two other roofers were in a pickup truck putting on coveralls. The crew on the roof needed red rosin underlayment (paper) which was in the pickup truck. Using …

Pemanfaatan Pos Pelayanan Terpadu Di Perumahan Pondok Cilegon Indah, Fenny Raharyanti, Ahmad Jubaedi, Feriyanto Feriyanto

Kesmas

Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu) yang pada periode pemerintahan orde baru populer dan berkontribusi besar pada kesehatan ibu dan anak, kini meredup dan mengalami penurunan peran. Ketika kasus-kasus bayi kurang gizi bermunculan, banyak pihak yang menyadari bahwa posyandu merupakan faktor yang berkontribusi pada perbaikan gizi balita. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keberadaan posyandu, pengetahuan dan kesadaran ibu balita, membawa balita ke posyandu, keaktifan kader menghidupkan posyandu, dan kelayakan fasilitas pendukung Posyandu di komplek Perumahan Pondok Cilegon Indah dengan karakteristik sosial ekonomi penduduk yang beragam. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2006 mengamati populasi ibu balita dan kader bermukim di PCI dan …

Karakteristik Remaja Pengguna Narkoba Suntik Dan Perilaku Berisiko Hiv/Aids Di Kecamatan Ciledug Kota Tangerang, Fauzi Syarif, Zarfiel Tafal

Kesmas

Prevalensi penderita HIV/AIDS di Kota Tangerang yang merupakan daerah industri dari tahun ke tahun meningkat tajam. Kecenderungan peningkatan kemungkinan disebabkan oleh letak strategis Kota Tangerang yang berbatasan langsung dengan Jakarta serta dengan geografi dan demografi yang hampir sama dengan Jakarta. Bersamaan dengan itu kasus peredaran dan pemakaian narkotika di wilayah Tangerang dari tahun ke tahun meningkat tajam. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik remaja pengguna narkoba suntik (penasun) dengan perilaku berisiko tertular HIV/AIDS di Kecamatan Ciledug Kota Tangerang Tahun 2007. Data yang dikumpulkan secara cross sectional dilakukan pada 206 sampel responden remaja berusia 15–24 tahun yang menggunakan narkoba suntik …

Perbedaan Persepsi Gambar Peringatan Bahaya Merokok Antara Masyarakat Jakarta Dan Cirebon, Nina Candra Dewi, Rita Damayanti

Kesmas

Kebiasaan merokok merupakan kausa kematian tinggi yang menjadi masalah kesehatan dunia. Data tahun 2004, jumlah perokok memperlihatkan tren meningkat dari 32% menjadi 35%. Jakarta menempati posisi tertinggi jumlah perokok. Penyakit ISPA non specific menempati level tertinggi dan terbanyak pada tahun 2006 dan diduga merupakan dampak kebiasaan merokok. Salah satu upaya pemerintah menurunkan kebiasaan merokok adalah peringatan tertulis pada label sigaret. Studi yang dilakukan pusat studi kesehatan Universitas Indonesia di Jakarta dan Cirebon pada tahun 2007 mengindikasikan bahwa 76,3% peringatan kesehatan terpilih dalam bentuk gambar dan tulisan merupakan peringatan kesehatan yang efektif. Perbedaan persepsi masyarakat pada gambar peringatan bahaya merokok berdasarkan …

Faktor Risiko Perilaku Pra-Diabetes Di Kota Padang Panjang, Fajrinayanti Fajrinayanti

Kesmas

Pra-diabetes adalah kondisi berisiko Diabates Melitus tipe 2 yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor keturunan dan perilaku dengan prevalensi yang lebih tinggi daripada Diabates Melitus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan faktor risiko perilaku konsumsi lemak, konsumsi serat, konsumsi karbohidrat, aktivitas fisik dan merokok dengan kejadian pra-diabetes setelah dikendalikan oleh faktor keturunan. Desain studi yang digunakan adalah kros seksional dengan pengumpulan data melalui survei. Responden sebanyak 174 orang dipilih secara acak sederhana dari tiap kelurahan yang menjadi kluster. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, regresi logistik sederhana dan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata kadar Gula Darah Sewaktu kelompok umur 40-59 tahun …

Look Beyond And Rejoice : A Spiritual Intervention For Patients With Life-Threatening Illness Or Chronic Pain, Jung H. Park

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Recently, the study of religious coping has increased dramatically. Researchers have recognized that cognitive-behavioral interventions imbued with spiritual dimensions may have greater impact when they incorporate a persons’ belief system. Based on scientific literature and Christian coping methods in the Bible, the Look Beyond & Rejoice [LB&R] Healing Model was developed to provide a theoretical framework for an intervention aimed at improving spiritual, mental, and physical health. The model includes: (a) positive reframing of illness that may change a patient’s perception from a threat to challenge and hope, and (b) daily transcendent visualization and verbalization, through looking beyond adversity and …

A 53-Year-Old Male Iron Foreman Dies After Fall From Steel Decking, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Falls

During the fall of 2007, a 53-year-old male iron foreman died when he fell approximately 18 feet from roofing being installed on a retail building under new construction. Two work crews were installing metal decking for a roof by laying corrugated metal sheets to the joists of a retail building being constructed. All workers wore personal fall arrest systems complete with lanyards on the roof; none of the workers were tied off to the building. The foreman had accessed the work site via a 32-foot extension ladder to check on the progress of the work. After speaking to the first …

Gender Differences In The Risk Of Hiv Infection Among Persons Reporting Abstinence, Monogamy, And Multiple Sexual Partners In Northern Tanzania, Keren Z. Landman, Jan Ostermann, John A. Crump, Anna Mgonja, Meghan K. Mayhood, Dafrosa K. Itemba, Alison C. Tribble, Evaline M. Ndosi, Helen Y. Chu, John F. Shao, John A. Bartlett, Nathan M. Thielman

Faculty Publications

Background: Monogamy, together with abstinence, partner reduction, and condom use, is widely advocated as a key behavioral strategy to prevent HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined the association between the number of sexual partners and the risk of HIV seropositivity among men and women presenting for HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) in northern Tanzania.

Methodology/ Principal Findings: Clients presenting for HIV VCT at a community-based AIDS service organization in Moshi, Tanzania were surveyed between November 2003 and December 2007. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, reasons for testing, sexual behaviors, and symptoms were collected. Men and women were categorized by …

An All-Terrain Vehicle Safety Educational Program: Is It Effective In Improving Attitudes, Safety Knowledge, And Behaviors In Adolescents Ages 12 To 18?, Kim Elaine Young Vickous

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

All terrain vehicles (ATVs) are a popular source of recreation. For some rural adolescents, ATVs are frequently used for agricultural work. Whether for work or recreation, many adolescents operate ATVs improperly either from a lack of knowledge, poor judgment or they engage in risky behaviors resulting in injuries and fatalities.

The Kentucky Department of Agriculture (KDA) has devoted resources to provide ATV safety programs to educate adolescents statewide. However, there are no known studies evaluating the effectiveness of this KDA intervention. Therefore, a pilot study was proposed to determine the effectiveness of The KDA ATV safety program in improving ATV …

Truck Drivers In Fatal Crashes After Substance Use, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Kentucky Haz Alerts--Motor Vehicle

To prevent truck crashes due to substance use:

• Employers should implement and enforce a policy that prohibits commercial drivers who are ill or taking over-the-counter medications with potential side effects for impaired driving from operating a commercial vehicle.
• Employers should implement and enforce a “reasonable suspicion” drug testing policy if a driver is suspected to be under the influence of drugs.
• Companies should conduct comprehensive new-hire prescreening and after-hire random drug testing for substance abuse.
• A nationwide data- base containing a record of all commercial driver positive drug tests in the last two years should be developed.

The Association Of Maternal Intention To Breastfeed, Early Skin-To-Skin Mother/Infant Contact, And Exclusive Breastfeeding During The Maternity Hospital Stay, Leslie Mary Bramson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Breastfeeding is the optimal method to nourish and nurture an infant. Exclusive breastfeeding rates in the United States have reached the goal of Healthy People 2010 that 75% of mother's breastfeed in the immediate postpartum period. Yet, less than 35% of San Bernardino county mothers and 47.7% of Riverside county mothers are exclusively breastfeeding during their maternity hospital stays, with as many as 50% of the infants being weaned from the breast in the first 14 days of life.

This prospective study examined archived data collected by Perinatal Services Network (PSN) of Loma Linda University Medical Center/Children's Hospital for the …

Recently Arrested Adolescents Are At High Risk For Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Steven Belenko, Richard Dembo, Doris Weiland, Matthew Rollie, Christopher Salvatore, Alexandra Hanlon, Kristina Childs

Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Adolescent offenders may be at high risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). With previous research and interventions focused on incarcerated adolescents, data are needed on STD prevalence and risk factors among newly arrested youth released to the community, a far larger subgroup.Participants were recruited from all arrested youth processed at the Hillsborough County, Florida Juvenile Assessment Center during the last half of 2006 (506 males, 442 females). Participants voluntarily providing urine samples for drug testing as part of standard protocol were also consented to having their specimens split and tested for chlamydia and gonorrhea, using an FDA-approved nucleic acid amplification …

Perilaku Cuci Tangan Sebelum Makan Dan Kecacingan Pada Murid Sd Di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan Sumatera Barat, Zaidina Umar

Kesmas

Di Indonesia penyakit cacingan tersebar luas di pedesaan dan di perkotaan dengan prevalensi semua umur 40%-60% dan murid SD 60-80%. Survei Depkes RI di 10 propinsi di Indonesia menemukan prevalensi kecacingan di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan tahun 2003 (85, 8%) dan tahun 2005 (51,4% ) lebih tinggi dari kabupaten lain. Angka infeksi kecacingan tinggi dipengaruhi oleh kebersihan diri, sanitasi lingkungan dan kebiasaan penduduk. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku cuci tangan dengan kejadian kecacingan pada murid SD Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional ini menggunakan data sekunder hasil survei kecacingan Depkes RI tahun 2005, jumlah sampel 257 orang. Diagnosis …

Perilaku Makan Menyimpang Pada Remaja Di Jakarta, Trulyana Tantiani, Ahmad Syafiq

Kesmas

Salah satu transisi gaya hidup yang terjadi adalah perubahan perilaku makan yang paling berdampak pada kaum perempuan untuk terlihat cantik dengan berdiet berlebihan yang menjurus pada Perilaku Makan Menyimpang (PMM). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui penyebab, mekanisme, dan proses terjadinya PMM dari persepsi penderita. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Penelitian kualitatif dilakukan pada 3 informan yang pernah mengalami PMM. Penelitian kuantitatif, dilakukan pada 397 responden yang belum mengalami PMM. Waktu pengambilan data adalah bulan Mei-Juni 2007 dengan menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam untuk penelitian kualitatif dan wawancara terstruktur menggunakan kuesioner dari Sarafino dari Stice untuk penelitian kuantitatif. …

Knowledge, Perceptions, Beliefs And Behaviors Related To The Prevention Of Hypertension Among Black Seventh-Day Adventists Living In London, Maxine A. Newell

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study was a cross-sectional survey of the hypertension (HTN) knowledge and risk behaviors of Black Seventh-day Adventists (SDA) in London. Recruitment took take place in 17 predominantly Black SDA churches in London. A questionnaire assessed knowledge and lay-beliefs about HTN and perceptions towards HTN using the health belief model (HBM) constructs of susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy. Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale was incorporated into the questionnaire. Blood pressure, height, weight and waist circumference were and current lifestyles practices were evaluated for the presence of HTN risk factors.

Of the 312 volunteers, ages 25 to 79, 55% were born …

Psychosocial Support, Newborn Readmissions, And Postpartum Follow-Up, Dora Barilla

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background. Women and their infants are being discharged as soon as 24 hours after giving birth without proper follow-up care. The Maternity Department at San Antonio Community Hospital established the Family Care Center (HBFCC) in November 2000 in response to a higher than expected newborn readmission rate, shorter maternity hospitalizations, and a lack of postpartum follow-up. A comprehensive program was offered to support new families in the form of developmental assessment and intervention, breastfeeding, infant and toddler nutrition, health promotion and education, and referrals to appropriate agencies when indicated. In 2004, due to inadequate funding, the hospital reduced the intervention …

Hiv Risk Among Nursing Students In Rwanda : Self-Efficacy, Knowledge And Attitudes, Jacqueline Wosinski

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa. With a prevalence rate of 3.1% in 2006, Rwanda is one of the hardest hit countries. Nurses are often the leading health professionals in rural communities and at the forefront of the fight against the HIV pandemic. Little has been written on how nurses are prepared to intervene successfully along the continuum of HIV prevention and care. A mixed-methods sequential exploratory approach was used to explore this question.

In the first phase, cognitive, socio-psychological, and environmental factors of nursing education in Rwanda in regard to HIV …

Partner Communication And Factors Associated With The Decision To Obtain An Hiv Test Among Chinese/Chinese American Community College Students In Northern California, Sang Leng Trieu

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

HIV testing and counseling is considered the cornerstone of a comprehensive approach to HIV prevention and education. Little is known, however, about HIV prevention, including HIV testing rates for Asian Pacific Islander (API) women, because data for this ethnic group is aggregated, thus limiting specific data for Chinese/Chinese American population or other API subgroups. This dissertation research examined factors associated with the decision to obtain an HIV test among Chinese/Chinese American community college women and explored the association among relationship status, partnership communication, and discussions of HIV testing.

Using constructs of the health belief model, an online and paper-pencil, crosssectional …