Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Association Of Physical Activity With Hormone Receptor Status: The Shanghai Breast Cancer Study, Swann Arp Adams, Charles E. Matthews, James R. Hébert, Charity G. Moore, Joan E. Cunningham, Xiou-Oi Shu, Jeanette Fulton, Yutang Gao, Wei Zheng

Faculty Publications

Evidence exists that breast tumors differing by estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status may be phenotypically distinct diseases resulting from dissimilar etiologic processes. Few studies have attempted to examine the association of physical activity with breast cancer subtype. Such research may prove instructive into the biological mechanisms of activity. Consequently, this investigation was designed to assess the relationship between physical activity and hormone receptor-defined breast cancers in a population of Asian women in which the distribution of receptor types differed from traditional Western populations. Participants, ages 25 to 64 years, were recruited into this population-based, case-control study of …

Hepatitis B And C: Prevalence And Risk Factors Associated With Seropositivity Among Children In Karachi, Pakistan, Wasim Jafri, Nadim Jafri, Javed Yakoob, Muhammad Islam, Syed Farhan Ali Tirmizi, Tazeen Jafar, Saeed Akhtar, Saeed Hamid, Hasnain Ali Shah, Sheikh Qamaruddin Nizami

Section of Gastroenterology

Background

Infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) can lead to chronic liver disease and hepato-cellular carcinoma (HCC). This cross-sectional study estimated the prevalence and identified risk factors associated with Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCV antibody (anti-HCV) sero-positivity among children 1 to 15 years of age.

Methods

The study targeted the low to middle socioeconomic population that comprises 80% to 85% of the population. Consent was obtained from parents of the eligible children before administering questionnaire and collected a blood sample for anti-HCV and HBsAg serology.

Results

3533 children were screened for HBsAg and …

Patterns Of Smoking Behavior Among Physicians In Yerevan, Armenia, Ray M. Merrill, Gordan B. Lindsay, Paul C. Perrin

Faculty Publications

Physicians can play an important role in smoking prevention and control. This study will identify smoking prevalence among physicians in Yerevan, Armenia. It will also explore how the smoking behaviors of physicians, their perceived ability to influence patient smoking behavior, and their knowledge about health outcomes related to smoking influence their interaction with patients. Methods: A cross-sectional, self-administered, anonymous survey was conducted in July, 2004, among 12 healthcare facilities in Yerevan. Analyses are based on responses from 240 physicians, representing a 70% response rate. Results: The percentage of current smokers was significantly higher in men than women (48.5% vs. 12.8% …

Hierarchical Models For Combining Ecological And Case-Control Data, Sebastien Haneuse, Jon Wakefield

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

The ecological study design suffers from a broad range of biases that result from the loss of information regarding the joint distribution of individual-level outcomes, exposures and confounders. The consequent non-identifiability of individual-level models cannot be overcome without additional information; we combine ecological data with a sample of individual-level case-control data. The focus of this paper is hierarchical models to account for between-group heterogeneity. Estimation and inference pose serious compu- tational challenges. We present a Bayesian implementation, based on a data augmentation scheme where the unobserved data are treated as auxiliary variables. The methods are illustrated with a dataset of …

Feasibility Of Gdaha Hospitals Meeting The Surge Capacity And Capability Requirements Of An Avian Flu Pandemic In The Miami Valley, Raymond P. Ten Eyck

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Hospital surge capacity is a crucial portion of disaster preparedness planning within a community. The demands generated by a disaster require additional capacity, in the form of beds, equipment, personnel, and special capabilities. The scope and urgency of these requirements must be balanced with a practical approach addressing cost and space concerns. The advent of new infectious disease threats, particularly an avian flu pandemic, have reinforced the need to be prepared for a prolonged surge, lasting six to eight weeks, in addition to the shorter duration surges required for industrial accidents, tornados, chemical disasters and terrorists. Using a standardized data …

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Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Notices

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Jefferson Alumnus Dr. John P. Whitecar Designates His Annual Donation To The Department Of Health Policy

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

A Medical Student's Experience In The Dean's Summer Research Program, Eric Moskowiz

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Department Of Health Policy Fellowship Programs: A Tradition Of Excellence, Laura Pizzi

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

New Publications From The Department Of Health Policy

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Jefferson College Of Health Professions Conducts Second E-Health Promotion Summer Institute, Kevin J. Lyons, Kathy Swenson-Miller, Diane Cornman-Levy

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Consumer Driven Health Plans: Wave Of The Future?, Sara L. Thier

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Letter To The Editor: Putting Issues In Context, Gerald Miller

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Letter To The Editor: Quality And Reporting, Michael P. Kern

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Letter To The Editor: Pennsylvania Health Care Cost Containment Council Report On Total Hip And Knee Replacements, Marc P. Volavka

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract available.

Hospital Quality Report Cards: Ready For Prime Time?, Susan Wynne, Richard Wells

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

A Blink In Healthcare, David B, Nash

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Aha/Acc Guidelines For Secondary Prevention For Patients With Coronary And Other Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease: 2006 Update, Sidney C. Smith Jr., Jerilyn Allen, Steven N. Blair, Robert O. Bonow, Lawrence M. Brass, Gregg C. Fonarow, Scott M. Grundy, Loren Hiratzka, Daniel Jones, Harlan M. Krumholz, Lori Mosca, Richard C. Pasternak, Thomas A. Pearson, Marc A. Pfeffer, Kathryn A. Taubert

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Disease Mapping And Spatial Regression With Count Data, Jon Wakefield

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

In this paper we provide critical reviews of methods suggested for the analysis of aggregate count data in the context of disease mapping and spatial regression. We introduce a new method for picking prior distributions, and propose a number of refinements of previously-used models. We also consider ecological bias, mutual standardization, and choice of both spatial model and prior specification. We analyze male lip cancer incidence data collected in Scotland over the period 1975–1980, and outline a number of problems with previous analyses of these data. A number of recommendations are provided. In disease mapping studies, hierarchical models can provide …

Évaluation De La Qualité De L'Air Dans Les Porcheries Équipées D'Un Système De Séparation Liquide-Solide Des Déjections, Jacques Lavoie, Yves Beaudet, Claude Létourneau, Stéphane Godbout, Stéphane Lemay, Martin Belzile, Isabelle Lachance, François Pouliot

Rapports de recherche scientifique

L’une des recommandations de la Consultation publique sur le développement durable de la production porcine au Québec tenue en 2002-2003 était de développer des nouveaux types de gestion du lisier porcin. Ce défi comprend une réduction importante des différentes émissions de gaz et d’odeurs ainsi que la gestion agroenvironnementale du phosphore et de l’azote. La revue de littérature indique clairement que la séparation sous les animaux ainsi que le retrait rapide des déjections des bâtiments d’élevage est une solution performante permettant de relever ce défi. En plus d’atteindre une efficacité de séparation du phosphore de 80 %, le …

Knowledge, Attitude And Misconceptions Regarding Tuberculosis In Pakistani Patients, Javaid Ahmed Khan, Muhammad Irfan, Amna Zaki, Madiha Beg, Syed Fayyaz Hussain, Nadeem Rizvi

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

Objective:

To assess knowledge of patients with tuberculosis; about their disease and misconceptions regarding TB.

Methods:

A cross sectional study was conducted at Out-patient clinics of two teaching hospitals (private and public) in Karachi, Pakistan. A questionnaire was filled for the purpose.

Results:

A total of 170 patients were interviewed, 112 from private and 58 from a public sector hospital. Cough, fever, bloody sputum and chest pain were recognized as the common symptoms of TB. Eleven (7%) patients thought TB was not an infectious disease and 18 (10.6%) did not consider it a preventable disease. Contaminated food was considered the …

Download Full Pdf Issue Of Thomas Jefferson University Mph Public Health Link, Vol. 2, Iss.4, May 2006

Public Health Link

Vol. 2, Iss. 4 of Public Health Link newsletter includes a summary of the retreat to the Franklin Institute, SAPHE's public health week award luncheon and thesis presenters.

Passenger Dies When Semi-Truck Trailer Hits Cow In Roadway, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Motor Vehicle

On November 8, 2005, a 26-year-old male laborer who was a passenger in a semi-truck died when the driver swerved to avoid hitting a cow that was standing in the parkway lane. The two employees had been traveling westbound for approximately one hour when the driver noticed a cow in his lane. He swerved to avoid hitting the cow but hit it anyway. The tractor and two trailers jack-knifed, traveled through the median with the cab and trailers flipped onto their right sides, slid across the eastbound lanes, then the cab slammed through the guardrail. The cab came to rest …

Assessment Of Whole Grain Intake And Health Correlates In An Aging Population, Alexis Howard

Senior Honors Projects

Research suggests that whole grain intake may decrease the risk of heart disease, type II diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and many types of cancer. The overall goal of this work is to increase the health status of an older adult population through comprehensive nutrition risk assessment and exposure to tailored nutrition education interventions. This project involved assisting in baseline and post-intervention assessment of the knowledge, attitude, and intake of whole grain foods within a convenience sample of fifty-eight older adults residing in low-income housing sites across Rhode Island. Anthropometry, including height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure was measured, along with …

Pyemotes Herfsi (Acari: Pyemotidae), A Mite New To North America As The Cause Of Bite Outbreaks, Alberto B. Broce, Ludek Zurek, James A. Kalisch, Robert Brown, David L. Keith, David Gordon, Janis Goedeke, Cal Welbourn, John Moser, Ronald Ochoa, Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner, Fuyuen Yip, Jacob Weber

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

High incidences of red, itching, and painful welts on people in the midwestern United States led to the discovery of a European species of mite, Pyemotes herfsi (Oudemans) (Acari: Pyemotidae), preying on gall-making midge larvae on oak leaves. The mites' great reproductive potential, small size, and high capacity for dispersal by wind make them difficult to control or avoid.

A Coprological View Of Ancestral Pueblo Cannibalism, Karl Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

As the object of my scientific study, I’ve chosen coprolites. It’s not a common choice, but to a paleonutritionist and archaeoparasitologist, a coprolite—a sample of ancient feces preserved by mineralization or simple drying—is a scientific bonanza. Analysis of coprolites can shed light on both the nutrition of and parasites found in prehistoric cultures. Dietary reconstructions from the analysis of coprolites can inform us about, for example, the origins of modern Native American diabetes. With regard to parasitology; coprolites hold information about the ancient emergence and spread of human infectious disease. Most sensational, however, is the recent role of coprolite analysis …

Student Vollunteers In The Hospice Setting, Sarah Brugger

Senior Honors Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of use of student volunteers in the hospice setting across the country. Hospice agencies were asked to answer a questionnaire regarding their use of student volunteers and the disadvantages or benefits that they have experienced. One hundred percent of the participants indicated that they use students as volunteers in their agency. The student’s youthful outlook, fresh perspective, and enthusiasm were the most frequently cited benefits. The main disadvantage of using students centered around commitment issues, such as the unavailability of students during school breaks. The results of this study suggest …

Semiparametric Latent Variable Regression Models For Spatio-Temporal Modeling Of Mobile Source Particles In The Greater Boston Area, Alexandros Gryparis, Brent A. Coull, Joel Schwartz, Helen H. Suh

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Traffic particle concentrations show considerable spatial variability within a metropolitan area. We consider latent variable semiparametric regression models for modeling the spatial and temporal variability of black carbon and elemental carbon concentrations in the greater Boston area. Measurements of these pollutants, which are markers of traffic particles, were obtained from several individual exposure studies conducted at specific household locations as well as 15 ambient monitoring sites in the city. The models allow for both flexible, nonlinear effects of covariates and for unexplained spatial and temporal variability in exposure. In addition, the different individual exposure studies recorded different surrogates of traffic …

La Story: Improving Care Management For The Chronically Ill And Chronically Underserved, Eileen Salinsky, Jessamyn Taylor

National Health Policy Forum

This Los Angeles-based site visit examined safety net and private sector efforts to improve care coordination for underserved and vulnerable populations, including the homeless, the uninsured, the undocumented, and individuals with chronic conditions like diabetes, asthma, and severe mental illness. The visit highlighted challenges and innovations in the use of disease management programs, information systems, performance incentives, and managed care as tools for improving care coordination.