Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Pemberian Asi Segera Pada Bayi Baru Lahir, Linda Amalia

Kesmas

Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) Indonesia masih yang tertinggi di ASEAN dengan penyebab utama kematian adalah penyakit infeksi saluran nafas dan diare yang dapat dicegah. Pencegahan dilakukan antara lain dengan pemberian ASI secara benar, termasuk inisiasi pemberian ASI dalam 30 menit pertama setelah lahir. Pemberian ASI segera dapat mempertahankan kadar hormon prolaktin dan mencegah pemberian makanan pralakteal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran dan determinan pemberian ASI segera pada bayi baru lahir di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Cianjur tahun 2007. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang. Pengumpulan Sampel 92 orang ibu post partum yang melahirkan di RSUD Kabupaten Cianjur yang dipilih dengan …

Manajemen Penyakit Berbasis Wilayah, Umar Fahmi Achmadi

Kesmas

Secara universal, kejadian penyakit merupakan inti permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat yang harus dicegah guna menampilkan wilayah yang sehat dan negara yang kuat. Kejadian penyakit merupakan fenomena yang bersandar pada basis wilayah yang mencakup ekosistem dalam dimensi ruang dan waktu Tulisan ini membahas kepentingan, makna, lokasi dan metoda manajemen penyakit berbasis wilayah. Asumsi dasar yang dianut adalah bahwa keberhasilan mengendalikan faktor risiko dan kejadian penyakit akan mampu meningkatkan dan memelihara kualitas kehidup masyarakat. Pembangunan kesehatan Wilayah dapat dilakukan dengan merujuk konsep MPBW dan rancangan SKK setiap wilayah pemerintahan otonom. Secara lebih terperinci, perlu disusun suatu pedoman MPBW kabupaten dan kota yang dapat …

Gambaran Spasial Diare Untuk Upaya Sistem Kewaspadaan Dini Kota Tangerang, Yunita Yunita

Kesmas

Kota Tangerang berkembang cepat dengan angka pertumbuhan (1,94%) dan tingkat urbanisasi yang tinggi serta angka kejadian diare setiap tahun yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerawanan diare berdasarkan faktor fasilitas air bersih yang tersedia, rumah tangga sehat dan berperilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS), tempat umum dan pengelolaan makanan (TPUM) yang sehat, kepadatan penduduk, dan cakupan pelayanan kesehatan. Kerentanan diare dinyatakan dalam kategori tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis spasial yang merupakan analisis berdasarkan wilayah kecamatan. Secara umum, status kerentanan diare pada wilayah kecamatan di Kota Tangerang yang berada pada kategori rendah adalah Kecamatan Tangerang …

Kekerasan Dalam Pacaran Pada Siswi Sma Di Jakarta, Dian Ariestina

Kesmas

Kekerasan terhadap perempuan berhubungan dengan ketimpangan gender dan berdampak pada kesehatan dan hak asasi manusia. Di Jakarta, pada periode 2000-2002, sekitar 264 perempuan melaporkan mengalami KDP dan sekitar 11,6 % kekerasan tersebut terjadi pada masa pacaran. Secara menyeluruh, satu dari sepuluh perempuan mengalami kekerasan dalam pacaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang kejadian KDP pada siswi SMAN 37 Jakarta serta faktor-faktor yang berhubungan. Penelitian dengan desain potong lintang ini mengunakan sampel 418 siswi SMAN 37 Jakarta. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara terstruktur menggunakan kuisioner yang sengaja dirancangg untuk penelitian ini. Ditemukan sekitar 72,1% dari 337 siswi yang pernah mengalami …

Caractérisation Des Bioaérosols Par Écologie Microbienne Moléculaire, Caroline Duchaine, Valérie Létourneau, Benjamin Nehmé, Anne Mériaux, Yan Gilbert, Marc Veillette

Rapports de recherche scientifique

La santé des travailleurs a été abondamment étudiée et il est connu que les travailleurs des porcheries plus particulièrement peuvent développer des inflammations chroniques des voies respiratoires suite à l’inhalation de contaminants organiques, de gaz comme l’ammoniac provenant du lisier (NH ₃) ou le gaz carbonique (CO ₂) produit par l’activité des porcs. Pour documenter les causes de ces problèmes et y remédier, de nombreuses études ont été effectuées. Malheureusement il a toujours été difficile de faire le lien entre les causes et les effets. En effet, par le passé, pour étudier la biodiversité dans l’environnement, …

Approche Terrain Pour Rejoindre Et Sensibiliser Les Jeunes Travailleurs À La Sst, Élise Ledoux, Jean Bernier, Chloé Thuilier, Marie Laberge, Sophie Paquin-Collins

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Depuis une vingtaine d’années, plusieurs études ont mis en évidence le fait que les jeunes de moins de 25 ans se blessent suffisamment fréquemment au travail pour que cette situation devienne une préoccupation de santé publique, tant au Canada, aux États-Unis qu’en Europe. La CSST constate chaque année un taux d’incidence de lésions professionnelles chez les jeunes de 15 à 24 ans supérieur à leurs pairs plus âgés. Pour s’attaquer à cette problématique, la CSST lançait en 2001 son Plan d’action Jeunesse. En 2004, l’IRSST emboîte le pas en lançant l’Opération JeuneSST visant la planification, l’organisation et la mise en …

Semi-Truck Driver Dies After Striking A Bridge Abutment, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Motor Vehicle

At approximately 11:45 PM on a spring night in 2008, a semi-tractor driver accompanied by a driver trainee began his route from a warehouse loading dock in Kentucky. The driver departed with a single axle day cab pulling a 28’ refrigerated trailer loaded with detergent, refrigerated and frozen foods.

An hour later, the semi driver was driving in the right hand northbound lane on a four-lane interstate when he came upon a crash scene. A southbound mini-van had been struck by another vehicle, crossed the median, and had come to rest across the right hand northbound lane. To avoid striking …

Detailed Analysis Of Sequence Changes Occurring During Vlse Antigenic Variation In The Mouse Model Of Borrelia Burgdorferi Infection, Loïc Coutte, Douglas J. Botkin, Lihui Gao, Steven J. Norris

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lyme disease Borrelia can infect humans and animals for months to years, despite the presence of an active host immune response. The vls antigenic variation system, which expresses the surface-exposed lipoprotein VlsE, plays a major role in B. burgdorferi immune evasion. Gene conversion between vls silent cassettes and the vlsE expression site occurs at high frequency during mammalian infection, resulting in sequence variation in the VlsE product. In this study, we examined vlsE sequence variation in B. burgdorferi B31 during mouse infection by analyzing 1,399 clones isolated from bladder, heart, joint, ear, and skin tissues of mice infected for 4 …

Eating Routines: Embedded, Value Based, Modifiable, And Reflective, Margaret M. Jastran, Carole A. Bisogni, Jeffrey Sobal, Christine E. Blake, Carol M. Devine

Faculty Publications

Eating routines are a compelling issue because recurring eating behaviors influence nutrition and health. As non-traditional and individualized eating patterns have become more common, new ways of thinking about routine eating practices are needed. This study sought to gain conceptual understanding of working adults' eating routines. Forty-two purposively sampled US adults reported food intake and contextual details about eating episodes in qualitative 24-h dietary recalls conducted over 7 consecutive days. Using the constant comparative method, researchers analyzed interview transcripts for recurrent ways of eating that were either explicitly reported by study participants as "routines" or emergent in the data. Participants' …

Health Status Of Children Entering Kindergarten: Results Of The 2008-2009 Nevada Kindergarten Health Survey, Clark County School District, Southern Nevada Health District, Nevada State Health Division, Nevada School District Superintendents, Denise Tanata Ashby, Tara Phebus, Amanda Haboush, Jennifer Waddoups, Enrique Lopez

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports

Academic achievement for children is vital to their success in life. Those that do well in school have greater opportunities for post-secondary education, and later have better prospects for employment. One of the major factors that can affect a child’s academic achievement is his or her health status. Academic outcomes and health conditions are consistently linked in the literature (Taras & Potts-Datema, 2005). Children with poor health status, and especially those with common chronic health conditions, have increased numbers of school absences and more academic deficiencies (Taras & Potts-Datema, 2005). In a study concerning excused versus unexcused absences, children with …

The Not-So-Safe Drinking Water Act: Why We Must Regulate Hydraulic Fracturing At The Federal Level, Angela C. Cupas

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

No abstract provided.

Nevada Medicaid And Check Up Programs: Barriers To Enrollment And Utilization, The Nevada Institute For Children’S Research And Policy, Denise Tanata Ashby, Jennifer Waddoups, Tara Phebus

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports

This study offers only a brief look at some of the barriers Nevada children and families face with Medicaid and Nevada Check Up. Strengthening the Medicaid and Nevada Check Up programs is vital to improving children’s health care access and utilization in Nevada. By developing and implementing legislation to improve public health insurance coverage, access, and utilization in Nevada, policymakers can ensure a brighter, happier, and healthier future for Nevada’s children and families.

Changes In Weight, Waist Circumference And Compensatory Responses With Different Doses Of Exercise Among Sedentary, Overweight Postmenopausal Women, Timothy S. Church, Corby K. Martin, Angela M. Thompson, Conrad P. Earnest, Catherine R. Mikus, Steven N. Blair

Faculty Publications

Background: It has been suggested that exercise training results in compensatory mechanisms that attenuate weight loss. However, this has only been examined with large doses of exercise. The goal of this analysis was to examine actual weight loss compared to predicted weight loss (compensation) across different doses of exercise in a controlled trial of sedentary, overweight or obese postmenopausal women (n=41).

Methodology/Principal Findings: Participants were randomized to a non-exercise control (n=94) or 1 of 3 exercise groups; exercise energy expenditure of 4 (n=139), 8 (n=85), or 12 (n=93) kcal/kg/week (KKW). Training intensity was set at the heart rate associated with …

Mutual Information For Testing Gene-Environment Interaction, Xuesen Wu, Li Jiin, Momiao Xiong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite current enthusiasm for investigation of gene-gene interactions and gene-environment interactions, the essential issue of how to define and detect gene-environment interactions remains unresolved. In this report, we define gene-environment interactions as a stochastic dependence in the context of the effects of the genetic and environmental risk factors on the cause of phenotypic variation among individuals. We use mutual information that is widely used in communication and complex system analysis to measure gene-environment interactions. We investigate how gene-environment interactions generate the large difference in the information measure of gene-environment interactions between the general population and a diseased population, which motives …

Stigma And Discrimination In Schizophrenia, Amresh Srivastava

Data and Test Instruments

Title: Stigma and Discrimination: The Mumbai Experience Main Author: Amresh Shrivastava MD, DPM, MRCPsych, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. Co-Authors: Gopa Sarkhel, MA, Iyer Sunita MA, Thakar Meghana MA, Shah Nilesh, MD, DPM Address of Presenter: Executive Director, Mental health foundation of India (PRERANA Charitable Trust) Mumbai, India; Currently at Department of Psychiatry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada Address: Regional mental health care, 467 Sunset Drive, St. Thomas, N5N 3V9, St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada Phone: 1-5196318510; Fax: 1-519-631-2512. E-mail: [email protected] Background: People with schizophrenia suffer from stigma and discrimination to a great extent, and this …

Antenatal Peer Support Workers And Initiation Of Breast Feeding: Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial, Christine Macarthur, Kate Jolly, Lucy Annang Ingram Phd, Nick Freemantle, Cindy-Lee Dennis, Ros Hamburger, Julia Brown, Jackie Chambers, Khalid Khan

Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of an antenatal service using community based breastfeeding peer support workers on initiation of breast feeding. DESIGN: Cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Community antenatal clinics in one primary care trust in a multiethnic, deprived population. PARTICIPANTS: 66 antenatal clinics with 2511 pregnant women: 33 clinics including 1140 women were randomised to receive the peer support worker service and 33 clinics including 1371 women were randomised to receive standard care. INTERVENTION: An antenatal peer support worker service planned to comprise a minimum of two contacts with women to provide advice, information, and support from approximately 24 …

Does Television Viewing Predict Dietary Intake Five Years Later In High School Students And Young Adults?, Daheia J. Barr-Anderson, Nicole I. Larson, Melissa C. Nelson, Dianne R. Neumark-Sztainer, Mary Story

Faculty Publications

Background: Prior research has found that television viewing is associated with poor diet quality, though little is known about its long-term impact on diet, particularly during adolescence. This study examined the associations between television viewing behavior with dietary intake five years later.

Methods: Survey data, which included television viewing time and food frequency questionnaires, were analyzed for 564 middle school students (younger cohort) and 1366 high school students (older cohort) who had complete data available at Time1 (1998-1999) and five years later at Time 2 (mean age at Time 2, 17.2 ± 0.6 and 20.5 ± 0.8 years, respectively). Regression …

Multiple Independent Genetic Factors At Nos1ap Modulate The Qt Interval In A Multi-Ethnic Population, Dan E. Arking, Amit Khera, Chao Xing, W H Linda Kao, Wendy Post, Eric Boerwinkle, Aravinda Chakravarti

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Extremes of electrocardiographic QT interval are associated with increased risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD); thus, identification and characterization of genetic variants that modulate QT interval may elucidate the underlying etiology of SCD. Previous studies have revealed an association between a common genetic variant in NOS1AP and QT interval in populations of European ancestry, but this finding has not been extended to other ethnic populations. We sought to characterize the effects of NOS1AP genetic variants on QT interval in the multi-ethnic population-based Dallas Heart Study (DHS, n = 3,072). The SNP most strongly associated with QT interval in previous samples …

Women's Wellness Guide

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Assessing Physician Performance: Challenges And Opportunities

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

What Language Are You Speaking? Why Patient Communication Is A Patient Safety Issue

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

The Importance Of A Performance Improvement Team In Ambulatory Care, Bettina Berman, Valerie Pracilio

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Hospital-Community Collaborations To Address Diabetes, Nadine Uplinger Ms, Rd, Cde, Bc-Adm, Ldn, Shana Stiles Ma, Juanita Way

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Magnet Designation-Is It Worth It?, Martha B. Lyman Rn, Mph

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Medical Travel: Global Impact And Local Response, Leonard Karp

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Diffusion Of Radiologic Technology In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Jefferso College Of Health Professions Study, Traci B. Fox Ms, Rt (R), Rdms, Rvt, David B. Nash Md, Mba, Flemming Forsberg Phd, Gary Sayed Phd

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Public Policy For People With Disabilities: The Un And Who Perspectives, John L. Melvin Md, Mmsc, Saloni Sharma Md

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Care Education: Reflections On A Longitudinal Interprofessional Mentorship Experience, Lauren Collins Md, Christine A. Arenson Md, Christine Jerback Md, Richard Dressel, Patrick Kane, Reena Antony Mph, Jillian Necky, Ayo Oduneye

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

The Meaning Of Mission, David B. Nash Md, Mba

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

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Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.