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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Feasibility Of Screening And Referring Women Experiencing Marital Violence By Engaging Frontline Workers: Evidence From Rural Bihar—Policy Brief, K.G. Santhya, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy
Feasibility Of Screening And Referring Women Experiencing Marital Violence By Engaging Frontline Workers: Evidence From Rural Bihar—Policy Brief, K.G. Santhya, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The Do Kadam Barabari Ki Ore (Two Steps Towards Equality) project sought to support frontline health workers (FLWs) to screen women for their experience of marital violence, inform women about their options in case of such an experience, and provide basic counseling and referral, as appropriate, to women reporting the experience. The Population Council together with partners, the Centre for Catalyzing Change and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, with support from UKaid, implemented the project in one district (Patna) of Bihar. This brief describes the intervention and presents evidence on its acceptability and feasibility from the perspective …
Evaluation Of The Herhealth Intervention In Bangladesh: Baseline Findings From An Implementation Research Study, Md. Irfan Hossain, Abdullah Al Mahmud Shohag, Ashish Bajracharya, Ubaidur Rob, Laura Reichenbach
Evaluation Of The Herhealth Intervention In Bangladesh: Baseline Findings From An Implementation Research Study, Md. Irfan Hossain, Abdullah Al Mahmud Shohag, Ashish Bajracharya, Ubaidur Rob, Laura Reichenbach
Reproductive Health
The Business for Social Responsibility's (BSR) HERproject is a collaborative initiative that strives to empower low-income women working in global supply chains in 14 countries worldwide. One of the HERproject’s three pillars is HERhealth, which seeks to improve the health-related knowledge and behaviors, and access to health services and products, of low-income working women. In Bangladesh, HERhealth specifically addresses reproductive health and family planning needs. BSR asked the Evidence Project/Population Council to conduct an implementation science study assessing the effectiveness of BSR’s HERhealth model in Bangladesh. This study is one of the first studies of female garment workers in Dhaka …
Evaluating Community-Facility Linkage Models To Promote Mother-Infant Retention Along The Hiv Care Continuum, Project Soar
Evaluating Community-Facility Linkage Models To Promote Mother-Infant Retention Along The Hiv Care Continuum, Project Soar
HIV and AIDS
In Malawi, and other resourced-constrained, sub-Saharan African countries with a high HIV burden, several service delivery models have emerged to increase prevention of mother-to-child transmission care retention by strengthening connections between health facilities and their surrounding communities. Yet there has been little documentation of the unique characteristics of each model and their comparative impact on mother-infant pair (MIP) care retention and other health outcomes. This brief describes how Project SOAR is responding to these knowledge gaps by conducting research to identify components of community-based MIP support that are associated with maternal care retention and infant HIV-free survival. This research will …
Measuring Gender Equality In Education: Lessons From 43 Countries, Stephanie Psaki, Katharine Mccarthy, Barbara Mensch
Measuring Gender Equality In Education: Lessons From 43 Countries, Stephanie Psaki, Katharine Mccarthy, Barbara Mensch
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Through the 2015 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), governments committed to achieving universal secondary school completion, including eliminating gender disparities, by 2030. The period from 1997 to 2014 saw considerable progress in closing gender gaps in school enrollment and attainment in many, but not all, low- and middle-income countries. However, as this research brief explains, claims that gender parity in primary education now exists are premature, especially in the poorest countries and new gender gaps, or gender-related challenges, may emerge as attainment increases. Moreover, the extremely low levels of secondary school enrollment—and even moreso completion—demonstrate that the SDG target of universal …
Empowering Women And Addressing Marital Violence Through Self-Help Groups: Evidence From Rural Bihar—Policy Brief, K.G. Santhya, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy
Empowering Women And Addressing Marital Violence Through Self-Help Groups: Evidence From Rural Bihar—Policy Brief, K.G. Santhya, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
In recognition of the need to reverse gender disparities, India has instituted numerous policies, laws, and programs intended to empower women and to protect women from violence. However, evidence on what works and what does not work to change notions of masculinity and femininity, reverse the widespread acceptability of marital violence at community level, and reduce women’s experience of intimate partner violence remains limited in the country. The Do Kadam Barabari Ki Ore (Two Steps Towards Equality) was implemented among married women who were members of self-help groups (SHGs) and their husbands. The Population Council together with partners implemented the …
Adolescent Pregnancy In Zambia, Population Council
Adolescent Pregnancy In Zambia, Population Council
Reproductive Health
In 2015, the Population Council in conjunction with UNFPA conducted a study that drew on data from the 2013–14 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey and the 2010 Census of Population and Housing to identify where adolescent pregnancy is most likely to occur in Zambia. Using a literature review, key informant interviews among organizations working with adolescents, and in-depth interviews with adolescent girls, the study also identified key factors that lead to adolescent pregnancy. Study findings reaffirmed that adolescent pregnancies are high in Zambia, potentially undermining girls’ human rights and compromising their opportunity to fully realize their socioeconomic development potential. This …
Advocating Corporate Policy Change On Women's Health And Family Planning: Lessons From The Environmental Movement, Matthew Mcfall, Carolyn Rodehau, David Wofford
Advocating Corporate Policy Change On Women's Health And Family Planning: Lessons From The Environmental Movement, Matthew Mcfall, Carolyn Rodehau, David Wofford
Reproductive Health
This brief presents key lessons from the environmental movement on effective strategies for driving changes in corporate policies and practices and creating new mechanisms for holding businesses accountable for environmental impacts. Corporate policies and voluntary and “soft law” standards may be unfamiliar to many women’s health advocates, but they are likely to have increasing importance in the years to come. The global health community can learn from the experience of environmentalists on how to engage businesses on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) standards and corporate practices around women’s health. The brief offers six recommendations for moving forward.
Assessing Community Midwives' Knowledge Of Pe/E Management In Sindh, Pakistan, Population Council
Assessing Community Midwives' Knowledge Of Pe/E Management In Sindh, Pakistan, Population Council
Reproductive Health
The Population Council conducted a landscape analysis in Pakistan to assess the knowledge and practices of trained community midwives in Tando Allahyar, a rural district of Sindh, India on the prevention, detection, and management of pre-eclampsia, severe pre-eclampsia, and eclampsia, as well as gaps and challenges around the prevention and treatment at the provincial and district levels. This brief shares the findings of that assessment, and provides recommendations that would minimize the gaps in maternal health services. In order to implement the key recommendations, the Ending Eclampsia project suggests the establishment of a task force comprised of members of professional …
Charity: A Health Volunteer Success Story, Amy Dempsey
Charity: A Health Volunteer Success Story, Amy Dempsey
Reproductive Health
Results from Ending Eclampsia’s landscape analysis of seven states in Nigeria served as the catalyst for a training with Community Health Extension Workers (CHEWs) in Nigeria. Researchers conducted observations of client–provider interactions during antenatal care (ANC) visits and assessed healthcare providers’ knowledge of proven risk factors for pre-eclampsia, including chronic hypertension, previous history of PE/E, obesity, pre-existing diabetes or diabetes in pregnancy, advanced maternal age, sickle cell diseases, and connective tissue diseases. The training’s objective was to teach CHEWs how ANC providers can prevent pregnancy-related complications like pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (PE/E). Following the training the CHEWs felt that they can …
Community Engagement In Sgbv Prevention And Response: A Compendium Of Interventions In The East And Horn Of Africa And The Great Lakes Region, Zahra Mirghani, Joanina Karugaba, Nicholas Martin-Achard, Chi-Chi Undie, Harriet Birungi
Community Engagement In Sgbv Prevention And Response: A Compendium Of Interventions In The East And Horn Of Africa And The Great Lakes Region, Zahra Mirghani, Joanina Karugaba, Nicholas Martin-Achard, Chi-Chi Undie, Harriet Birungi
Reproductive Health
This document captures efforts by UNHCR and its partners in promoting community engagement to combat sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) in the East & Horn of Africa and the Great Lakes Region. The compendium of tools reflected here is drawn from the responses of several actors to various forms of SGBV. The diversity of these efforts involves a range of demographic groups (in terms of gender and age), geographic contexts (rural, urban), and intended outcomes (SGBV prevention, response, or both). The interventions described are also at various stages of development or maturity, and varied in scope, with a few having …
Contribution Of Contraceptive Discontinuation To Unintended Births In 36 Developing Countries, Population Council
Contribution Of Contraceptive Discontinuation To Unintended Births In 36 Developing Countries, Population Council
Reproductive Health
High contraceptive discontinuation results in millions of women having an unmet need for contraception. This Population Council study using data from 36 Demographic and Health Surveys shows that contraceptive discontinuation also results in millions of unintended pregnancies and births. This brief recommends attention to issues related to quality of care, such as counseling, to ensure that each woman has the method she needs/wants and uses it correctly. This will help women avoid contraceptive discontinuation and associated unmet need and unintended fertility right from the beginning. As programs become more successful, quality of care will become key to expanding contraceptive use …
Creating A Culture Of Evidence Use: Using An Innovative Knowledge Translation Platform To Inform Hiv/Aids Programming For Women And Girls, Jill Gay, Melanie Croce-Galis, Karen Hardee, Amelia Peltz
Creating A Culture Of Evidence Use: Using An Innovative Knowledge Translation Platform To Inform Hiv/Aids Programming For Women And Girls, Jill Gay, Melanie Croce-Galis, Karen Hardee, Amelia Peltz
Reproductive Health
Given that moving evidence from a study to policy, programs, and practice can often take a decade or more, what is the best way to get evidence into the hands of those developing policies and programs to speed its use? Enhancing the use of evidence in policies and programs through an innovative web-based knowledge platform, What Works for Women: Evidence for HIV/AIDS Interventions, resulted in major changes in National Strategic HIV Plans plus Concept Notes submitted to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria in 14 countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This paper documents how components …
Female Genital Cutting In Somaliland: Baseline Assessment, Katy Newell-Jones
Female Genital Cutting In Somaliland: Baseline Assessment, Katy Newell-Jones
Reproductive Health
This report summarizes research findings into the prevalence and attitudes around female genital cutting (FGC) in 20 communities across five regions of Somaliland. There was a specific focus on young people, who accounted for 47 percent of the interviewees, and also on the role of schools in promoting abandonment of cutting. This research found that the prevalence of FGC in the five regions studied is 98.9 percent across all age groups in city, semi-city, and village communities. The findings indicate that decisionmaking in relation to FGC has less to do with having accurate knowledge, and more to do with the …
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting In Nigeria: A Scoping Review, Blessing U. Mberu
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting In Nigeria: A Scoping Review, Blessing U. Mberu
Reproductive Health
This report’s overarching objective is the examination of key trends in the evidence base of female genital mutilation and cutting (FGM/C) and gaps in knowledge for Nigeria, building on a scoping review of peer-reviewed and "grey" literature along with quantitative analysis of relevant data. What is clear from prevalence levels identified over the last 15 years is how widespread different types of FGM/C are, in Nigeria’s different ethno-geographical zones, and the little change that has taken place over time, despite increased international, and renewed national, political commitment to eradicate the practice. The findings show that much work remains to be …
Knowledge And Practices For Pre-Eclampsia And Eclampsia Care In Bangladesh, Kanij Sultana, Amy Dempsey
Knowledge And Practices For Pre-Eclampsia And Eclampsia Care In Bangladesh, Kanij Sultana, Amy Dempsey
Reproductive Health
The Bangladesh Maternal Mortality Survey revealed that pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (PE/E) is the second most common direct cause of maternal deaths—between 1,000 and 1,200 maternal deaths (20 percent) each year. Early detection and treatment during antenatal care visits are instrumental in reducing deaths from PE/E. In Bangladesh, however, primary healthcare providers have limited knowledge of the condition, and in many cases are unaware of how to detect, manage, and treat it. This research brief presents the findings of a landscape analysis that was conducted to better understand service providers’ maternal health knowledge, attitudes, and practices, particularly around PE/E.
Increasing Access To Reproductive Health Care Through Improved Service Delivery, Gul Rashida, Iram Kamran, Muhammad Khalil, Zeba Tasneem, Rehan M. Niazi, Mumraiz Khan, Tahira Parveen
Increasing Access To Reproductive Health Care Through Improved Service Delivery, Gul Rashida, Iram Kamran, Muhammad Khalil, Zeba Tasneem, Rehan M. Niazi, Mumraiz Khan, Tahira Parveen
Reproductive Health
The study documented in this report examines the provision and utilization of public and private sector maternal and child health services in Punjab, Pakistan with a focus on family planning (FP) services. It is aimed at enabling a better understanding of the specific demand and supply dynamics leading to low contraceptive prevalence despite unmet need, and the opportunities that must be seized to enhance access to quality family planning services. The report is part of a larger project being implemented by the Population Council with the assistance of the Department for International Development, UK entitled “Sustaining Focus on Provincial Governments …
Life-Saving Medicines And Equipment In Facilities In Bangladesh, Kanij Sultana, Amy Dempsey
Life-Saving Medicines And Equipment In Facilities In Bangladesh, Kanij Sultana, Amy Dempsey
Reproductive Health
This research brief is a part of a larger landscaping analysis by Population Council, with support from USAID and the MacArthur Foundation. In Bangladesh, in 12 upazilas in four districts, it assessed the capacity of primary health facilities to manage pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (PE/E). This brief shares findings from 134 facilities on required infrastructure for providing maternal and newborn health (MNH) services, human resources, facility readiness, and MNH commodities and supplies. Facility readiness is vital to providing quality services to antenatal care (ANC) patients, especially to women with PE/E. Without functioning equipment, ANC/PNC registers, essential medicines, electricity, and running water, …
Results From Systematic Literature Review On Pe/E In Nigeria, Amy Dempsey, Karen Kirk
Results From Systematic Literature Review On Pe/E In Nigeria, Amy Dempsey, Karen Kirk
Reproductive Health
Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (PE/E), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, are consistently cited as a leading cause of maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. A recent, nationwide cross-sectional survey found that PE/E contributes to 28.2 percent of national maternal deaths. The other main contributors to maternal mortality are hemorrhage and pregnancy-related infection or sepsis. To fully understand the key challenges, gaps, and interventions related to the prevention and treatment of PE/E, the Ending Eclampsia project conducted a systematic review of papers on PE/E in Nigeria published between 2000–15. The methods, results, and recommendations are discussed in this brief.
Workplace Health And The Garment Sector In Cambodia, Bunmey Yat, Carolyn Rodehau, David Wofford, Ashish Bajracharya
Workplace Health And The Garment Sector In Cambodia, Bunmey Yat, Carolyn Rodehau, David Wofford, Ashish Bajracharya
Reproductive Health
In Cambodia, there has been considerable investment in improving the well-being of factory workers. Understanding the key stakeholders and their roles in improving worker health is essential for policy change and ensuring that interventions achieve sustainable, long-term impact in and around the workplace. This policy brief presents selected findings from a stakeholder and situational analysis undertaken by the Cambodia Worker Health Coalition (WorkerHealth) to understand the stakeholder landscape and policy environment for women’s health in the garment industry in Cambodia, with the objective of identifying leading stakeholders and their relationships, as well as strategies and opportunities for collaboration. Collaboration and …
Improving Family Planning Service Delivery In Humanitarian Crises, Chi-Chi Undie, Rajat Khosla, Karl Blanchet
Improving Family Planning Service Delivery In Humanitarian Crises, Chi-Chi Undie, Rajat Khosla, Karl Blanchet
Reproductive Health
Meeting family planning (FP) needs in humanitarian emergencies is challenging but feasible, and could present opportunities for reaching marginalized, remote, or otherwise underserved populations. Although high-quality evidence on family planning in emergencies is needed to improve access to voluntary FP services in humanitarian settings, this evidence brief identifies several promising, evidence-based interventions that can help improve uptake: provide comprehensive SRH services in line with global norms, provide a full range of family planning methods via mobile clinics, train mobile health workers to provide short-acting methods, second refugee providers to health facilities to provide FP in humanitarian settings, train community health …
Harmonizing National Abortion And Pregnancy Prevention Laws And Policies For Sexual Violence Survivors With The Maputo Protocol, Jill Thompson, Chi-Chi Undie, Avni Amin, Ronald Johnson, Rajat Khosla, Ian Askew, Leopold Ouedraogo, Triphonie Nkurunziza, Sarah Rich, Elizabeth Westley, Melissa Garcia
Harmonizing National Abortion And Pregnancy Prevention Laws And Policies For Sexual Violence Survivors With The Maputo Protocol, Jill Thompson, Chi-Chi Undie, Avni Amin, Ronald Johnson, Rajat Khosla, Ian Askew, Leopold Ouedraogo, Triphonie Nkurunziza, Sarah Rich, Elizabeth Westley, Melissa Garcia
Reproductive Health
In April 2016, the Population Council, the World Health Organization (WHO), and the International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC) convened a three-day regional technical meeting aimed at helping participating countries meet their obligations under the Maputo Protocol to protect and promote the reproductive health rights of women and girls, with a special emphasis on survivors of sexual and intimate partner violence. Participants included representatives from six countries in sub-Saharan Africa—Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, and Zambia—as well as international and regional experts on reproductive health, law, and human rights. Presentations and discussions focused primarily on the prevention and management of …
Modifying Behaviours And Notions Of Masculinity: Effect Of A Programme Led By Locally Elected Representatives, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, A.J. Francis Zavier, K.G. Santhya, Rajib Acharya, Neelanjana Pandey, Santosh Kumar Singh, Komal Saxena, Aparajita Gogoi, Madhu Joshi, Sandeep Ojha
Modifying Behaviours And Notions Of Masculinity: Effect Of A Programme Led By Locally Elected Representatives, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, A.J. Francis Zavier, K.G. Santhya, Rajib Acharya, Neelanjana Pandey, Santosh Kumar Singh, Komal Saxena, Aparajita Gogoi, Madhu Joshi, Sandeep Ojha
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The Population Council, together with the Centre for Catalyzing Change and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and with support from UKaid, implemented the Do Kadam Barabari Ki Ore (Two Steps Towards Equality) program. The project, situated in Patna district, India aimed to orient and engage locally elected leaders—namely, members of Gram Panchayats and Gram Kachehris—in changing community norms relating to the acceptability of violence against women, and preventing violence against women as well as one factor closely associated with the perpetration of such violence, namely alcohol abuse. Specifically, it assessed: 1) the feasibility of sensitizing and training …
Married Adolescent Girls In Rural Assiut And Souhag: Limited Choices And Unfulfilled Reproductive Health Needs, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Doaa Oraby, Omaima El-Gibaly, Manal Darwish, Mirette Aziz, Amira Elgazzar, Heba Mahmoud
Married Adolescent Girls In Rural Assiut And Souhag: Limited Choices And Unfulfilled Reproductive Health Needs, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Doaa Oraby, Omaima El-Gibaly, Manal Darwish, Mirette Aziz, Amira Elgazzar, Heba Mahmoud
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
According to the Survey of Young People in Egypt 2014, a significant proportion of young women residing in rural Upper Egypt were reported to be married before 18. Early marriage deprives a girl of education and employment opportunities and places her at risk of early and repeat pregnancy, gender-based violence, and sexually transmitted infections. The present study examines the sexual and reproductive health needs of married adolescent girls (MAGs) in rural Upper Egypt and identifies key contextual and cognitive factors that could mitigate or exacerbate the effects of early marriage on their sexual and reproductive health. The report finds that …
Project Brief: Understanding The Lives Of Adolescents And Young Adults (Udaya), Population Council
Project Brief: Understanding The Lives Of Adolescents And Young Adults (Udaya), Population Council
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The program “Understanding the lives of adolescents and young adults (UDAYA) in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh” is designed to establish the levels, patterns and trends in the situation of younger (10–14) and older (15–19) adolescents in India. UDAYA is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, and the study is conducted by the Population Council, New Delhi. This project brief outlines the UDAYA project, which will explore the extent to which younger and older adolescents have acquired a set of assets that can help them make a healthy, safe, and successful transition …
More Than Brides Alliance: Baseline Report, Malawi, Christine A. Kelly, Andrea J. Melnikas, Sajeda Amin, James Mkandawire, Hamza Daud
More Than Brides Alliance: Baseline Report, Malawi, Christine A. Kelly, Andrea J. Melnikas, Sajeda Amin, James Mkandawire, Hamza Daud
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The More Than Brides Alliance seeks to improve the lives of adolescent girls and includes activities across multiple domains (reproductive health, education, gender norms, and livelihoods, to name a few). The Population Council conducted baseline surveys of adolescents in select areas of two districts in Malawi as part of an evaluation of interventions to delay marriage. The goals of the baseline were to: 1) provide information about the current situation and context for adolescent girls in select areas in Malawi in order to inform the intervention; 2) provide a benchmark against which changes resulting from the intervention may be measured …
The Impact And Cost Of Child Marriage Prevention In Rural Burkina Faso, Annabel Erulkar, Girmay Medhin, Eva Weissman
The Impact And Cost Of Child Marriage Prevention In Rural Burkina Faso, Annabel Erulkar, Girmay Medhin, Eva Weissman
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The negative impact of child marriage, frequently prevalent in rural locations of poor countries, spans health, development, and demographic consequences. While evidence is limited, a systematic review of child marriage interventions in developing countries found that the most effective approaches in delaying child marriage were those that empower girls by offering incentives such as conditional cash transfers. However, most impact evaluations of community-based programs lack rigorous costing data, a particular weakness of cash transfer schemes where programmatic cost would affect the ability to scale up successful interventions for large populations. To address the limited information on cost and scalability of …
The Journey Of Out-Of-School Girls In Ethiopia: Examining Migration, Livelihoods, And Hiv, Annabel Erulkar, Girmay Medhin, Lemi Negeri
The Journey Of Out-Of-School Girls In Ethiopia: Examining Migration, Livelihoods, And Hiv, Annabel Erulkar, Girmay Medhin, Lemi Negeri
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Rates of urbanization in Ethiopia are increasing, and based on available data, HIV prevalence among urban girls who are in-migrants is significantly higher than among girls who are native to the area. Likewise, a significant number of out-of-school girls who migrate end up in low-status, exploitative, or risky professions, such as domestic work and sex work. This study of out-of-school girls in six regions of Ethiopia aimed to explore patterns of migration, transitions into different work roles, and situations that may put out-of-school migrant girls at increased risk of HIV infection or be protective and beneficial. Based on the study’s …
The Nia Project: Baseline Survey Instruments, Karen Austrian
The Nia Project: Baseline Survey Instruments, Karen Austrian
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This document includes all of the Nia Project baseline survey instruments used to collect data in Kenya, providing a multidimensional description of a sample of the participating girls and the schools they attend. The Project is one of the first randomized controlled trials to explore the role of sanitary pad distribution and reproductive health education—individually and in combination—to improve girls’ educational and sexual and reproductive health outcomes. The study collected data from 3,489 girls from 140 schools in three rural Kilifi subcounties: Magarini, Kaloleni, and Ganze.
The Nia Project—Brief, Eunice N. Muthengi, Emily Farris, Karen Austrian
The Nia Project—Brief, Eunice N. Muthengi, Emily Farris, Karen Austrian
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This brief provides highlights from the Nia Project conducted in Kenya. The study found that while gaps exist in girls’ capabilities, particularly knowledge and attitudes related to menstruation and reproductive health, the Nia Project has the potential to bridge those gaps. The Project is one of the first randomized controlled trials to explore the role of sanitary pad distribution and reproductive health education—individually and in combination—to improve girls’ educational and sexual and reproductive health outcomes. The findings of this study will make a critical contribution to filling an evidence gap in the field of menstrual health and hygiene management, and …
The Nia Project: Baseline Report, Eunice N. Muthengi, Emily Farris, Karen Austrian
The Nia Project: Baseline Report, Eunice N. Muthengi, Emily Farris, Karen Austrian
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The onset of puberty and menarche is a particularly vulnerable time for girls, when external pressures are exacerbated by their lack of knowledge of their bodies, their rights, and the implications of their decisions, and by their inability to manage puberty and adolescence safely and comfortably with appropriate menstrual health and hygiene management (MHM) products. Although several programs have previously been developed to address girls’ MHM needs globally, few have been evaluated, and where evidence does exist the results have been mixed. In collaboration with ZanaAfrica, the Population Council is evaluating the Nia Project, a set of interventions for adolescent …