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Theses/Dissertations

2012

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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

The Role Of Cd11c+ Cells In Response To Ozone, Jeffrey David Brand Jan 2012

The Role Of Cd11c+ Cells In Response To Ozone, Jeffrey David Brand

All ETDs from UAB

Environmental ozone exposure remains a major public health concern with over one-third of the United States population experiencing unhealthful levels. Epidemiological studies indicate exposure increases morbidity in those with pre-existing disease such as asthma, though the biological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain elusive. CD11c+ cells within the respiratory tract include dendritic cells (DCs), which are the most efficient antigen presenters and play major roles controlling immune responses. In addition, DCs are thought necessary for asthma pathogenesis and exacerbation. Therefore the link between ozone associated asthma morbidity may be DCs. We hypothesize ozone exposure may site specifically alter DC phenotypes, numbers, …

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Ethnicity And Gender As Predictors Of Physical Activity And Social Cognitive Determinants, Amber Luana Bridges-Arzaga Jan 2012

Ethnicity And Gender As Predictors Of Physical Activity And Social Cognitive Determinants, Amber Luana Bridges-Arzaga

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine ethnicity and gender as predictors of physical activity (PA) and the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) constructs related to physical activity among college students. Specifically, the study examined differences in PA between Hispanic college students and their non-Hispanic White counterparts. The study also examined differences between Hispanic and non-Hispanic White participants in SCT constructs regarding PA, such as social support, self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and self-regulation. Additionally, the study assessed differences between male and female college students in relation to PA and SCT constructs. Finally, the study explored meditational effects of SCT constructs on …

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Constrained Optimal Control For A Multi-Group Discrete Time Influenza Model, Paula Andrea Gonzalez Parra Jan 2012

Constrained Optimal Control For A Multi-Group Discrete Time Influenza Model, Paula Andrea Gonzalez Parra

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

During the last decades, mathematical epidemiological models have been used to understand the dynamics of infectious diseases and guide public health policy. In particular, several continuous models have been considered to study single in uenza outbreaks and the impact of dierent control policies. In this dissertation, a discrete time model is introduced in order to study optimal control strategies for in uenza transmission; since epidemiological data is collected on discrete units of time, a discrete formulation is more ecient. From a mathematical point of view, continuous time model are easier to analyze, however, the numerical solution of discrete-time models is …

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Disparities In Park Availability, Features, And Characteristics By Social Determinants Of Health Within A U.S.-Mexico Border Urban Area, Amir Kamel Jan 2012

Disparities In Park Availability, Features, And Characteristics By Social Determinants Of Health Within A U.S.-Mexico Border Urban Area, Amir Kamel

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Background: Parks have been shown to be a key feature in the built environment that promote physical activity and positively influence health. However, a number of studies have highlighted that park availability, park features (e.g., park facilities, amenities, and aesthetic features), and park characteristics (e.g., quality/safety concerns of the park and surrounding neighborhood) are not equally distributed across neighborhoods in the U.S, specifically areas of low socioeconomic status and diverse racial/ethnic composition. The overall aim of this study was to examine and describe park availability, park features, and park characteristics, and determine their association with two social determinants of health …

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Evaluation Of Protection Induced By Dna Vaccine Candidate Against Leishmania Mexicana In Balb/C Mice Model, Rosina Rodarte Jan 2012

Evaluation Of Protection Induced By Dna Vaccine Candidate Against Leishmania Mexicana In Balb/C Mice Model, Rosina Rodarte

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Background and Significance. The leishmaniases are a diverse group of diseases with four major clinical manifestations: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, visceral, and diffuse. Approximately 21 Leishmania species and 30 sandfly vectors have been implicated in human leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis is endemic in 88 countries, 72 are developing countries. Currently, 350 million people live in leishmaniasis-endemic areas around the world. The true incidence of the disease is not known. However, the estimated incidence for visceral leishmaniasis is 500,000 cases per year, and for cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis 1.5-2 million cases per year. Visceral leishmaniasis causes 70,000 deaths each year. In the Americas region, …

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Causes And Effects Of Physical Injuries To Prison Officers Employed In A High Risk And High Need Offender Management Environment In Western Australia, Bigboy Ngwenya Jan 2012

Causes And Effects Of Physical Injuries To Prison Officers Employed In A High Risk And High Need Offender Management Environment In Western Australia, Bigboy Ngwenya

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Prison Officers (POs) involved in high need offender management frequently face risks that could affect their health, safety and wellbeing. Several studies have shown that direct client centred violence, inadequate management systems and the general nature of prison environments are major factors impacting on the well being of POs (Fisher & Gunnison, 2001; Kiekbusch, Price, & Theis, 2003; Mitchell, Mackenzie, Styve, & Gover, 2000).There is limited literature on causes and effects of physical injuries on this group of law enforcements officers. This is the first study conducted in Western Australia (WA) that investigated the causes and effects of physical injuries …

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Factors That Influence Immunization Status Among A Sample Of University Students, Abigail Marie Miller Jan 2012

Factors That Influence Immunization Status Among A Sample Of University Students, Abigail Marie Miller

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to gather demographic information about the sample population as well as information on their attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors in relation to immunizations, vaccine-preventable diseases, and the immunization policies for entrance into California State University, San Bernardino (CSUSB).

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Long Term Weight Variability In Adults Of Adventist Health Study 1 And 2, Namgyal Lhawang Kyulo Jan 2012

Long Term Weight Variability In Adults Of Adventist Health Study 1 And 2, Namgyal Lhawang Kyulo

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: The effect of overweight and obesity on the risk of fatal disease tends to attenuate with age. One plausible explanation is that a proportion of elderly people in the ideal weight category (19 to 25 kg/m ) experienced disease-related weight loss - an effect that will attenuate health risk related to overweight and obesity. One potential approach to controlling for this bias would be to examine fluctuations in weight during the adult lifespan by considering multiple measures of weight or recall of body weight during adulthood. Some of these measures are available in the Adventist Health Study cohorts and …

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An Analysis Of Laboratory Inspections At The University Of Kentucky, Rachel Eldridge Jan 2012

An Analysis Of Laboratory Inspections At The University Of Kentucky, Rachel Eldridge

MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects

Recent news stories about laboratory accidents in which students were severely injured and killed have brought much-needed attention to lab safety. Creating a positive safety climate on college and university campuses is very important in reducing accidents. At the University of Kentucky, all laboratories are inspected once every year, and the results are recorded in a lab inspection database. These data include the department, building, lab classification, type of violation, room number, and the name of the PI (Principal Investigator). I want to analyze inspections to find out whether department and the lab classification are significant in looking at violations. …

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Identifying Patient's Reasons Or Rationales For Choosing To Skip Or Shorten Hemodialysis, Linda Marie Lindberg Jan 2012

Identifying Patient's Reasons Or Rationales For Choosing To Skip Or Shorten Hemodialysis, Linda Marie Lindberg

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Missed dialysis treatment time has potential to increase morbidity and mortality and reduce life expectancy for people with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) who are dependent on hemodialysis (HD) to live. The purpose of this study was to identify some of the reasons that hemodialysis patients provide when explaining their decision to skip or shorten their prescribed HD treatment time by providing ESRD patients with the opportunity to give voice to their perspectives. A secondary purpose of this project was to increase the health care provider's understanding of the HD patient's perspectives and reasons for choosing to skip or shorten …

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