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- Child and Adolescent Development (5)
- Deinstitutionalization (2)
- Language development (2)
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (1)
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- Criminal justice system (1)
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- Matching (1)
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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Book Review On Mindfulness-Based Emotion Focused Counselling (By Padmasiri De Silva), Kathleen Higgins
Book Review On Mindfulness-Based Emotion Focused Counselling (By Padmasiri De Silva), Kathleen Higgins
Comparative Philosophy
No abstract provided.
Using True Experiments To Study Culture: Manipulations, Measurement Issues, And The Question Of Appropriate Control Groups, Christine Ma-Kellams
Using True Experiments To Study Culture: Manipulations, Measurement Issues, And The Question Of Appropriate Control Groups, Christine Ma-Kellams
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
Social group memberships are primarily studied in quasi-experimental contexts, but how can culture, class and gender be manipulated in true experimental designs? This review highlights the different empirical strategies that can be used to manipulate “culture” as it relates to race/ethnicity (activation of thinking styles, language, and priming of cultural constructs), class (social standing, group status, or perceived social status), and gender (role salience, gender identity, sex hormone administration). I review measurement issues related to manipulation checks and the problem of what construct is tapped by the manipulation, appropriate control groups, and intersectional identities or group memberships.
Towards Greater Transparency In Neurodevelopmental Disorders Research: Use Of A Proposed Workflow And Propensity Scores To Facilitate Selection Of Matched Groups, Janet Y. Bang, Megha Sharda, Aparna S. Nadig
Towards Greater Transparency In Neurodevelopmental Disorders Research: Use Of A Proposed Workflow And Propensity Scores To Facilitate Selection Of Matched Groups, Janet Y. Bang, Megha Sharda, Aparna S. Nadig
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
Background
Matching is one commonly utilized method in quasi-experimental designs involving individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). This method ensures two or more groups (e.g., individuals with an NDD versus neurotypical individuals) are balanced on pre-existing covariates (e.g., IQ), enabling researchers to interpret performance on outcome measures as being attributed to group membership. While much attention has been paid to the statistical criteria of how to assess whether groups are well-matched, relatively little attention has been given to a crucial prior step: the selection of the individuals that are included in matched groups. The selection of individuals is often an undocumented …
2019/2020 Lrsp: Ricardo Andres Pimentel, Ricardo Andres Pimentel
2019/2020 Lrsp: Ricardo Andres Pimentel, Ricardo Andres Pimentel
Library Research Scholars Program
Decades of constant wars have produced millions of military personnel returning home after their stints protecting their country. Though many of these military members are able to fully reintegrate into society, a significant minority return with psychical and psychological difficulties. Included in this vast list of difficulties is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This disorder is particularly endemic to military populations, and although numerous treatment modalities are available to veterans with PTSD, they are not all effective for every individual. Thus, numerous grassroots and private organizations have been working to pair veterans with service dogs for the treatment of PTSD. …
An Investigation Of Word Learning In The Presence Of Gaze: Evidence From School-Age Children With Typical Development Or Autism Spectrum Disorder, Janet Y. Bang, Aparna S. Nadig
An Investigation Of Word Learning In The Presence Of Gaze: Evidence From School-Age Children With Typical Development Or Autism Spectrum Disorder, Janet Y. Bang, Aparna S. Nadig
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
Little is understood about how children attend to and learn from gaze when learning new words, and whether gaze confers any benefits beyond word mapping. We examine whether 6- to 11-year-old typically-developing children (n = 43) and children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (n = 25) attend to and learn with gaze differently from another directional cue, an arrow cue. An eye-tracker recorded children’s attention to videos while they were taught novel words with a gaze cue or an arrow cue. Videos included objects when they were static or when they were manipulated to demonstrate the object’s function. Word learning was …
Language Nutrition For Language Health In Children With Disorders: A Scoping Review, Janet Y. Bang, Aubrey S. Adiao, Virginia A. Marchman, Heidi M. Feldman
Language Nutrition For Language Health In Children With Disorders: A Scoping Review, Janet Y. Bang, Aubrey S. Adiao, Virginia A. Marchman, Heidi M. Feldman
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
The quantity and quality of child-directed speech—language nutrition—provided to typically-developing children is associated with language outcomes—language health. Limited information is available about child-directed speech to children at biological risk of language impairments. We conducted a scoping review on caregiver child-directed speech for children with three clinical conditions associated with language impairments—preterm birth, intellectual disability, and autism—addressing three questions: (1) How does child-directed speech to these children differ from speech to typically-developing children? (2) What are the associations between child-directed speech and child language outcomes? (3) How convincing are intervention studies that aim to improve child-directed speech and thereby facilitate children’s …
The Victimization Of The Misconceived: The Mentally Ill In The Criminal Justice System, Margarita Trejo
The Victimization Of The Misconceived: The Mentally Ill In The Criminal Justice System, Margarita Trejo
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science
It is unfortunate to say that the number of people who suffer from a serious mental illness has been drastically increasing in the criminal justice system since the late 1960s. This drastic change has captivated the minds of the public, forced them to develop a fallacious stereotype, and labeled the mentally ill population as wrongdoers. This image, however, is inaccurate. In reality, these people are the victims of a broken system. This paper establishes the victimization that a person with a serious mental illness experiences as they are processed through the criminal justice system. The following elaborates how victimization is …
Parental Input To Children With Asd And Its Influence On Later Language, Aparna Nadig, Janet Bang
Parental Input To Children With Asd And Its Influence On Later Language, Aparna Nadig, Janet Bang
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
In this chapter, we review evidence on parental input to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), moving from quantitative measures of linguistic features to qualitative measures of interaction. First, we examine lexical and syntactic features (e.g., number of utterances, mean length of utterance [MLU]) in the input provided to children with ASD compared with TD [typically developing] children matched on language level. Second, we turn to work on parental responsiveness, or the tendency to provide verbal or gestural input in sync with the child’s focus of attention, and how this compares across dyads including a child with ASD or a …
Book Review: Madness In Civilization: A Cultural History Of Insanity From The Bible To Freud, From The Madhouse To Modern Medicine, Edward Cohen
Faculty Publications
A review of: Scull, Andrew. (2015). Madness in civilization: A cultural history of insanity from the Bible to Freud, from the madhouse to modern medicine. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 448 pp. $39.50 (Hardback), ISBN 978-0-691-16615-5.
Guilty By Reason Of Insanity: Unforeseen Consequences Of California's Deinstitutionalization Policy, Jen Rushforth
Guilty By Reason Of Insanity: Unforeseen Consequences Of California's Deinstitutionalization Policy, Jen Rushforth
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science
Beginning with the passage of the Lanterman-Petris- Short Act in 1969, deinstitutionalization in California has had a devastating effect on the mentally ill. Instead of affording the mentally ill with more rights and protections, the process of shutting down state psychiatric hospitals and impeding psychiatric care for those in need caused a cascade effect leading to an increase of homelessness and incarceration. Over the past four decades, prisons and jails in California have become the de facto state mental hospitals, with severely mentally ill individuals having nearly a four-to-one chance of ending up in jail or prison over a psychiatric …
The Use Of Criminal Profilers In The Prosecution Of Serial Killers, Chelsea Van Aken
The Use Of Criminal Profilers In The Prosecution Of Serial Killers, Chelsea Van Aken
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the concept of criminal profiling in terms of serial killers in the United States. The research provided in this paper was found using the most recent research available on the topic. The FBI’s Behavioral Unit, or National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime (NCAVC), is the current leading law enforcement agency that investigates these types of crimes. They utilize definitions, typographies, and motives to create a criminal profile to investigate serial killings. Ultimately, these profiles are inadequate because they are inconclusive and exclude multiple suspects that are potentially dangerous. Therefore, criminal …
Frontal Lobe And Psychopathy, Shawna Germain
Frontal Lobe And Psychopathy, Shawna Germain
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science
This research paper presents an analysis of the functions of the frontal lobe and how damage to the frontal lobe correlates to psychopathy. Initially, it will look at how damage to the frontal lobe obstructs frontal lobe functions. The decrease in executive function, due to a reduction of blood flow to the frontal lobe following a subarachnoid hemorrhage, is explored. The correlation between cortical thickness and impulsiveness in adolescence is examined. Subsequently, the issue is then examined through the observation of groups with psychopathy and how the diagnosis relates to their frontal lobes. One study compares individuals with psychopathy to …
Learning Language In Autism: Maternal Linguistic Input Contributes To Later Vocabulary, Janet Bang, Aparna Nadig
Learning Language In Autism: Maternal Linguistic Input Contributes To Later Vocabulary, Janet Bang, Aparna Nadig
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
It is well established that children with typical development (TYP) exposed to more maternal linguistic input develop larger vocabularies. We know relatively little about the linguistic environment available to children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and whether input contributes to their later vocabulary. Children with ASD or TYP and their mothers from English and French-speaking families engaged in a 10 min free-play interaction. To compare input, children were matched on language ability, sex, and maternal education (ASD n = 20, TYP n = 20). Input was transcribed, and the number of word tokens and types, lexical diversity (D), mean length …
Social Support From The Athletic Trainer And Symptoms Of Depression And Anxiety At Return To Play, Jingzhen Yang, Julie T. Schaefer, Ni Zhang, Tracey Covassin, Kele Ding, Erin Heiden
Social Support From The Athletic Trainer And Symptoms Of Depression And Anxiety At Return To Play, Jingzhen Yang, Julie T. Schaefer, Ni Zhang, Tracey Covassin, Kele Ding, Erin Heiden
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
No abstract provided.