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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Ambient Ionization - Mass Spectrometry: Advances Toward Intrasurgical Cancer Detection, Alan Keith Jarmusch
Ambient Ionization - Mass Spectrometry: Advances Toward Intrasurgical Cancer Detection, Alan Keith Jarmusch
Open Access Dissertations
My dissertation research has focused on the development of ambient ionization – mass spectrometry (MS) for clinical measurements, specifically intrasurgical cancer detection. The molecular differences between normal and cancerous tissue were detected via direct tissue analysis in vitro by touch spray ionization (TS) or by analyzing sectioned or smeared tissue using desorption electrospray ionization (DESI). The physical form of the tissue, e.g. in vitro sampling, sectioned, or smeared, was inconsequential in differentiating normal from cancerous tissue; however, the spectra acquired by TS and DESI differed due to differences in ionization processes. We envision that TS-MS and DESI-MS could impact diagnostic …
A Dose Distribution Study Of Uranyl Nitrate In Zebrafish Using Liquid Scintillation And Passivated Implanted Planar Silicon Detectors, Lee A. Alleman
A Dose Distribution Study Of Uranyl Nitrate In Zebrafish Using Liquid Scintillation And Passivated Implanted Planar Silicon Detectors, Lee A. Alleman
Open Access Theses
Standard curves for a Perkin Elmer TriCarb 2800 liquid scintillation detector (LSC) and a Ludlum 3030p Passivated Implanted Planar Silicon detector have been developed and utilized for studying the dose distribution of depleted uranium (DU) within zebrafish. The DU source was crystallized uranyl nitrate (N2O8U•6H2O) solution, normally used for staining in electron microscopy with a manufactured average specific activity of 0.3 uCi/g. Zebrafish, both larvae and adults, were exposed to three different mass concentrations, dissected, dissolved and counted using an LSC. The counts were compared to the standard curve correlating the measured activity to that of the mass absorbed. It …
Risk Estimation Toward A Natural History Model For Low Grade Glioma Patients, Anh Thi Hoang Pham
Risk Estimation Toward A Natural History Model For Low Grade Glioma Patients, Anh Thi Hoang Pham
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Glioma is a common type of primary brain tumor that represents 28% of all brain tumors and 80% of malignant tumors. According to a recent study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), gliomas account for 53%, 35% and 29% of all brain tumors (68%, 74% and 81% of malignant brain tumors) among children (aged 0-14), teenagers (aged 15-19) and young adults, respectively. Gliomas are often diagnosed through radiological imaging and histopathology. There are two main groups of gliomas following World Health Organization’s classification: Low grade gliomas (LGG), or grade I and II gliomas; and high grade gliomas …
Development Of Electrochemical Sensors Suitable For In Vivo Detection For Neurotransmitters, Mengjia Hu
Development Of Electrochemical Sensors Suitable For In Vivo Detection For Neurotransmitters, Mengjia Hu
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The electrochemical method of redox cycling was exploited to achieve new discoveries in neurotransmitter detection and to advance its suitability toward in vivo use. Redox cycling has advantages in signal amplification, selectivity of species based on their electrochemical reaction mechanisms, and limited or no background subtraction. Distinction of dopamine from norepinephrine in a mixture with an electrochemical method at unmodified electrodes was demonstrated for the first time in vitro. This ability resulted from a series of fundamental studies of redox cycling behavior of the catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine) using different electrode configurations. Taking advantage of the ECC’ mechanism associated …
Developing A Presumptive Test For Select Synthetic Cannabinoids, Carrie Snyder
Developing A Presumptive Test For Select Synthetic Cannabinoids, Carrie Snyder
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Synthetic cannabinoids (SC's) began to gain popularity around the world in 2009. Since then, many of the compounds have been outlawed and methods developed to detect them and their metabolites using mass spectrometry. Our work investigated the possibility of developing a colorimetric presumptive test. The SC JWH-019 was synthesized and its ketone targeted as a possible reaction site. Many SC's contain ketones and thus a reaction at this site would be applicable to many of the compounds. Since JWH-019 is costly and time consuming to synthesize, much of the experimental work was done using benzophenone (BP). BP contains a diaryl …
Design And Fabrication Of Nanofluidic Systems With Integrated Sensing Electrodes For Rapid Biomolecule Characterization, Taylor Bradley Busch
Design And Fabrication Of Nanofluidic Systems With Integrated Sensing Electrodes For Rapid Biomolecule Characterization, Taylor Bradley Busch
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
A transparent nanofluidic system with embedded sensing electrodes was designed and fabricated by integrating Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) nanolithography, Focused Ion Beam (FIB) milling and metal deposition, and standard microfabrication processing. The fabrication process started with the evaporation of chrome/gold (Cr/Au) onto a Pyrex 7740 wafer followed by photolithography and wet etching of the microchannels. The wafer was patterned a second time to form Au microelectrodes with 15-45 micrometer separation gaps in the nanochannel region. Sensing electrodes (up to one micron wide) were then deposited using FIB to bridge the gaps. The nanochannels were realized through both AFM nanolithography and …
New Applications Of Mass Spectrometry For Drug And Lipid Analysis, Elizabeth Lauren Emerson
New Applications Of Mass Spectrometry For Drug And Lipid Analysis, Elizabeth Lauren Emerson
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Mass spectrometry is an important tool used in many different disciplines and settings that include forensics, drug discovery, environmental analysis, and proteomics. Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI - TOF MS) are two of the most important instruments used for analysis of compounds. Chapters 1 and 2 of this discussion use GC-MS for the investigation of synthetic cannabinoids in `K2' incense products and the detection of metabolites in urine samples from individuals suspected of consuming these mixtures. Analytical standards were synthesized and used for identification and confirmation of structures. Detection of …
Border Hispanics’ Physical Activity Improvement In A Chronic Disease Prevention Program, Lu Xu
Border Hispanics’ Physical Activity Improvement In A Chronic Disease Prevention Program, Lu Xu
Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA
In seeking of effective prevention programs to improve physical activities, we want to examine the factors related to physical activities improvement in Alliance for a Healthy Border, a chronic disease prevention program with pre-post-post evaluations through 12 federally qualified community health centers serving primarily Hispanics in communities along the U.S.- Mexico border. Logistic regression was performed to examine the association between physical activity and twenty predictors at baseline. Multinomial regression was used to examine the determinants of physical activities improvement at two time points: program end and post six-months. Socio-demographic, baseline health condition factors, and determination of doing physical activity …
Approaches To Estimation Of Haplotype Frequencies And Haplotype-Trait Associations, Xiaohong Li
Approaches To Estimation Of Haplotype Frequencies And Haplotype-Trait Associations, Xiaohong Li
Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014
Characterizing the genetic contributors to complex disease traits will inevitably require consideration of haplotypic phase, the specific alignment of alleles on a single homologous chromosome. In population based studies, however, phase is generally unobservable as standard genotyping techniques provide investigators only with data on unphased genotypes. Several statistical methods have been described for estimating haplotype frequencies and their association with a trait in the context of phase ambiguity. These methods are limited, however, to diploid populations in which individuals have exactly two homologous chromosomes each and are thus not suitable for more general infectious disease settings. Specifically, in the context …
Chemical And Biochemical Modification Of Surfaces For Control Of Wettability, Adsorption, And Drug Delivery, Susan C. D'Andrea
Chemical And Biochemical Modification Of Surfaces For Control Of Wettability, Adsorption, And Drug Delivery, Susan C. D'Andrea
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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Comparative Phytochemistry Of Saururaceae Essential Oils., Lohit Venkateswara Tutupalli
Comparative Phytochemistry Of Saururaceae Essential Oils., Lohit Venkateswara Tutupalli
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
In view of their native medicinal uses, a systematic investigation of the phytochemistry and Hippocratic screening of three members of the Saururaceac namely, Anemopsis californica, Saururus cernuus and Houttuynia cordata was undertaken.