Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Vertical Transmission Of Sars-Cov-2 In A Twin Pregnancy, Tiffany C. Chang, Rebecca F. Herbert, Stacey N. Tran, Victoria M. Weprinsky, Bhaskari Burra, Chi Dola

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in 2019 and rapidly evolved into the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The emergence of a highly morbid disease has posed ongoing challenges in the diagnosis, management, and prevention of COVID-19. The uncertainty underlying medical decision making is further compounded by preexisting conditions, including pregnancy. Here, we report a twin pregnancy complicated by maternal COVID-19 and the vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2. We hope that our experiences contribute to a better understanding of the disease in pregnancy and, ultimately, guide the development of effective treatment and prevention …

Comparison Of Pregnancy Complication Rates: Does Opioid Agonist Pharmacotherapy Make A Difference?, Alexa Pfeiffer Oms-Iii, Michael Falcone Oms-Iii, Pritha Aggarwal Oms-Iii, Andrea M. Bodine Md

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Background: Over the past decade, the prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) in pregnant patients has increased by 131% with an associated increase in pregnancy complications. Opioid agonist pharmacotherapy (OAP) with methadone or buprenorphine is recommended by ACOG for the management of OUD. The objectives of our study are to compare the incidence of pregnancy complications among patients who at the time of their delivery used OAP, OAP plus any additional substance (OAP+), illicit or prescribed opioids, and no opioids.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at Berkshire Medical Center in Pittsfield, MA, between January 1, 2018, through December …

Community Engagement For Birth Preparedness And Complication Readiness In The Community Level Interventions For Pre-Eclampsia (Clip) Trial In India: A Mixed-Method Evaluation, Avinash Kavi, Mai-Lei Woo Kinshella, Umesh Y Ramadurg, Umesh Charantimath, Geetanjali M Katageri, Chandrashekhar C Karadiguddi, Narayan V Honnungar, Shashidhar G Bannale, Geetanjali I Mungarwadi, Jeffrey N Bone, Marianne Vidler, Laura Magee, Ashalata Mallapur, Shivaprasad S Goudar, Mrutyunjaya Bellad, Richard Derman, Peter Von Dadelszen, The Clip India Working Group

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

Objective: To describe the process of community engagement (CE) in northern Karnataka, India and its impact on pre-eclampsia knowledge, birth preparedness and complication readiness, pregnancy-related care seeking and maternal morbidity.

Design: This study was a secondary analysis of a cluster randomised trial of Community Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP). A total of 12 clusters based on primary health centre catchment areas were randomised to intervention or control. CE was conducted in intervention clusters. CE attendance was summarised according to participant group using both quantitative and qualitative assessment. Pre-eclampsia knowledge, birth preparedness, health services engagement and perinatal outcomes was evaluated within …

Does The Anastatica Hierochuntica Plant Shorten The Duration Of Labour? A Prospective Observational Study, Filiz Okumuş, Halime Öncü-Çelik, Nevin Şahin

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of Anastatica Hierochuntica L. on the duration of labour in primiparous women.
Methods: A prospective, case-controlled study with an intervention (n=28) and control (n=29) group. Participants were not randomized; their preferences related to the use of the A. Hierochuntica L. determined the group in which they would be included. In the intervention group, Anastatica Hierochuntica L. was used by all women. Standard care continued for both the intervention and control group. The duration of the first and second stage of labour were evaluated and compared between groups.
Results: Participants’ mean of age …

Births In The Mountain West, 2016-2020, Corryn Richardson, Hira Ahmed, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Health

This fact sheet examines state-level data on births and health indicators from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), a government health statistics unit of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This fact sheet presents data related to births in the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, and Utah.

Protocols For Postpartum Hemorrhage, Jackleen Chambers

Symposium of Student Scholars

The occurrence of postpartum hemorrhages (PH) within the healthcare system are on the rise. The detrimental effects that can occur are extremely serious and require an intervention of education and proper training. Labor and delivery units experience traumatic PHs due to lack of proper training regarding early warning signs and correct technical interventions needed for a quick turnaround. This project will use research from scholarly articles to take a closer look at statistical evidence based on the outcomes of being prepared versus underprepared. The project will discuss various methods on how to better prepare nurses to care for hemorrhagic situations. …

Postpartum Depression For Mothers With Early Fetal Death Or Stillbirths, Callie Goldman

Symposium of Student Scholars

Background: Many times, prevention of early fetus death and stillbirths is possible; however, some mortality events are spontaneous or unavoidable. While existing research reveals the likelihood of postpartum depression for mothers following birth, few studies address the potential for postpartum depression of mothers of stillbirth or demised fetuses. The purpose of this study is to determine how mothers can be better prepared for the hardship of losing a baby during childbirth, while going through common difficulties, such as postpartum depression, following birth. Methods: A mixed method approach will be conducted to gather qualitative (interview) and quantitative (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale …

Exploring Alternative Treatment Options For A Patient With Heavy Menstrual Bleeding And Mistrust Of The Healthcare System, Rachel A. O'Dell

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A clinical decision report using:

Tinelli A, Gustapane S, D’Oria O, Licchelli M, Panese G. Nutraceuticals in fibroid management after ulipristal acetate administration: An observational study on patients’ compliance. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics; 2022;156(1):133-138. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13692

for a patient with chronic, symptomatic anemia with menorrhagia and uterine fibroid.

Fetal Sex Impacts Birth To Placental Weight Ratio And Umbilical Cord Oxygen Values With Implications For Regulatory Mechanisms, Bryan S. Richardson, Akasham Rajagopaul, Barbra De Vrijer, Genevieve Eastabrook, Timothy R.H. Regnault

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

Background: We determined the effect of fetal sex on birth/placental weight and umbilical vein and artery oxygen values with implications for placental efficiency and regulatory mechanisms underlying fetal–placental growth differences. Methods: A hospital database was used to obtain birth/placental weight, cord PO2 and other information on patients delivering between Jan 1, 1990 and Jun 15, 2011 with GA > 34 weeks (N = 69,836). Oxygen saturation was calculated from the cord PO2 and pH data, while fractional O2 extraction was calculated from the oxygen saturation data. The effect of fetal sex on birth/placental weight, cord PO2, O2 saturation, and fractional O2 …

Expression And Localization Of Nrf2/Keap1 Signalling Pathway Genes In Mouse Preimplantation Embryos Exposed To Free Fatty Acids., Grace Dionne, Michele D. Calder, Dean H Betts, Basim Abu Rafea, Andrew J Watson

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

Obese women experience greater incidence of infertility, with reproductive tracts exposing preimplantation embryos to elevated free fatty acids (FFA) such as palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA). PA treatment impairs mouse preimplantation development in vitro, while OA co-treatment rescues blastocyst development of PA treated embryos. In the present study, we investigated the effects of PA and OA treatment on NRF2/Keap1 localization, and relative antioxidant enzyme (Glutathione peroxidase; Gpx1, Catalase; Cat, Superoxide dismutase; Sod1 and γ-Glutamylcysteine ligase catalytic unit; Gclc) mRNA levels, during in vitro mouse preimplantation embryo development. Female mice were superovulated, mated, and embryos cultured in the presence …

The East Africa Consortium For Human Papillomavirus And Cervical Cancer In Women Living With Hiv/Aids, Y. Tong, Elkanah Omenge, M. Nakalembe, P. Tonui, P. Itsura, K. Muthoka, M. Titus, S. Kiptoo, A. Mwangi, J. Ong’Echae

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

The East Africa Consortium was formed to study the epidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical cancer and the influence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on HPV and cervical cancer, and to encourage collaborations between researchers in North America and East African countries. To date, studies have led to a better understanding of the influence of HIV infection on the detection and persistence of oncogenic HPV, the effects of dietary aflatoxin on the persistence of HPV, the benefits of antiretroviral therapy on HPV persistence, and the differences in HPV detections among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women undergoing treatment for …

Histopathological Study About The Effects Of Chronic Concomitant Administration Of Both Pregabalin And Ibuprofen On The Skeletal, Cardiac And Smooth Muscles Of Male Albino Rats, Hytham Hemeida, Fouad El Dabbah, Nagy Alfadaly, Al-Sayed Tealeb

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: there is not enough information available to assess the relationship between Pregabalin use and muscular damage. Also, the effect of pregabalin ibuprofen combination on musculature not well assessed till now. Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the possible chronic concomitant effect of both pregabalin and ibuprofen on skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscles in male albino rats. Subjects and methods: One hundred adult healthy male albino rats weighting 200 – 250 gm were obtained from the animal house, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt. The animals were classified into five groups: Group one (Negative control):10 male albino rats, received normal …

Intravenous Versus Intramuscular Oxytocin In The Prevention Of Atonic Post-Partum Hemorrhage After Vaginal Delivery, Taha Abd Elghany, Mofeed Mohamed, Muhamed Abdelmoaty

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Primary postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is among of the most main sources of mother deaths throughout the world. The changed profile of laboring women, who are now more probable to be aged, overweighted, or have substantial clinical co-morbidities, is leading to an increase in obstetric difficulties, Aim and objectives: in a double-blind controlled experiment, to examine the impact of an intramuscular (IM) single dose of oxytocin (10 IU per 1 mL) and placebo IV administration (1 mL 0.9 % saline gradually administered ) with an IV single dose of oxytocin (10 IU per 1 mL administered gradually over 1 min) …

The Role Of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation In Spastic Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy In A Sample Of Egyptian Children, Ahmed Muhammad, Hossam Emam, Abdel-Ghaffar Fayed

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

ABSTRACT Background; One of the most common neurologic disorders is cerebral palsy. To improve quality of life, many tools have been employed. rTMS is a new established technique to treat spasticity and improve the outcome of rehabilitation program in various neurologic conditions. Aim and objectives; To assess the effect of high frequency rTMS on improving spasticity and motor performance in spastic hemiplegic CP in a sample of Egyptian children. Patients and methods; 65 children aged between 4-18 years attending the Neuro-Pediatric Unit of Al-Azhar University hospitals were recruited in the period from beginning of Jan, 2022 to the end of …

Mid-Secretory Uterine Artery Doppler Indices And Endometrial Thickness In Patients With Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss, Eshraq Mohammed, Ahmed Nasr, Wael Hamed

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Back ground : Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) occurs in up to 3% reproductive age couples. Potential uterine predictors for implantation measurable by ultrasound include endometrial thickness and volume, endometrial pattern, as well as blood flow in the uterine and sub-endometrial arteries. Aim: to evaluate endometrial thickness and uterine artery blood flow using Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound during the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle for women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Patients and methods: A prospective controlled clinical trial was conducted on 90 non pregnant women :45 Patient group and 45 Control group. All participants underwent comprehensive examinations and …

Effects Of Sildenafil On The Testes Of The Nondiabetic And Diabetic Adult Albino Rats (Light And Electron Microscopic Study), El-Sayed Jahin, Mustafa Al-Jizawi, Fayez Abd-Elfattah

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Sildenafil citrate is effective in men with erectile dysfunction. Sildenafil induces degenerative changes in seminiferous tubules and interstitial histological alterations. Diabetes mellitus may cause an end-organ damage in many systems as the genitourinary system. The testis is the primary sex organ and is formed mainly of stroma and parenchyma. It is a mixed gland that performs both endocrine and exocrine activities. Objective: To reveal the effect of sildenafil citrate in high and toxic doses on the histological structure of the healthy and diabetic rat testes. Material and methods: The research was carried out at the animal house at Faculty …

Cervical Cytologic And Colposcopic Changes In Cases Using Intrauterine Devices For Along Time, Eslam Farg, Samir Ali, Abd-Elmonsef Mostafa

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUD) is a safe, convenient and inexpensive method of contraception involving neither repetition nor interference with sexual activity. Aim of the work: To to examine cytologic and colposcopic changes in individuals utilising IUCDs in the cervical region.for long periods of time and to create awareness among the IUCD users for regular follow up. Patients and methods: The Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Al-Hussein University Hospital conducted this cross-sectional study. 200 monogamous individuals with IUCD who have been free of STIs for three to five years made up the study group (Group 1). On the other hand, …

Role Of Diffusion Weighted Imaging And Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value In Diagnosis Of Asymptomatic / Inactive Multiple Sclerosis Plaques, Aws Al-Isawi, Abdulah El Keshn, Hussien Roshdy

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Although in most cases, the diagnosis of MS remains a clinical, magnetic resonance imaging became a fundamental imaging technique for the investigation and monitoring patients with MS, as it allows the visualization of lesions in the brain and spinal cord and help in understanding and follow of the disease and it is widely used to confirm the clinical diagnosis. Aim of the study: To evaluation of asymptomatic or inactive multiple sclerosis plaques by using diffusion weighted imaging and ADC value. Patients and methods: We evaluated prospectively 50 patients with known multiple sclerosis and fulfilled McDonald Criteria 2017. Patients of …

Ecological Interchangeability: Supporting Team Adaptive Expertise In Moments Of Disruption, Sayra Cristancho, Emily Field, Lorelei Lingard, Taryn Taylor, Kathryn Hibbert, Graham Thompson, William Hibbert

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

While undesirable, unexpected disruptions offer unique opportunities to enact adaptive expertise. For adaptive expertise to flourish, individuals and teams must embrace both efficiency and adaptation. While some industries do it readily, others continue to struggle with the tension between efficiency and adaptation, particularly when otherwise stable situations are unexpectedly disrupted. For instance, in healthcare settings, the efficiency mandate for strict compliance with scopes of practice can deter teams from using the adaptive strategy of making their members interchangeable. Yet, interchangeability has been hinted as a key capacity of today’ teams that are required to navigate fluid team structures. Because interchangeability …

Intravenous Iron Sucrose Versus Intramuscular Iron Sorbitol In Management Of Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy, Mohamed Hamed, Abd Allah Ahmed, Islam Sultan

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The greatest prevalent nutrient shortage in pregnant women across the globe is iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Maternal anemia continues to significantly increase neonatal morbidity and death, and there is worry over the elevated incidence of iron and other micronutrient deficiencies among pregnant women in poor nations. Aim of the work: To examine the effectiveness and safety of intramuscular iron sorbitol citric acid complex and intravenous iron sucrose in the treating of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in gestation. Patients and methods: At the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, 100 pregnant women were separated into two …

Helicobacter Pylori And The Severity Of Preeclampsia, Marwan Ali, Ahmed Abd Elfattah, Mohamed Abo-Ghabha, Noha Sabry

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The main cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, intrauterine growth retardation, as well as fetal prematurity, is pre-eclampsia. Helicobacter pylori was found to infect several parts of the stomach and duodenum and has consequently been linked to a higher risk of gastric cancer. Pre-eclampsia is more frequent in women infected with H. pylori than in women who are not. Aim of the work: To assess the relation between severity of pre-eclampsia and of Helicobacter pylori infection. Patients and methods: This case-control research involved 100 pregnant women at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Departments of Al-Azhar Hospital and Mansoura International Hospital, …

The Diagnostic Function Of Office Hysteroscopy And Three-Dimensional (3d) Endometrial Volume Measurement In The Evaluation Of Women With Perimenopausal Bleeding, Mohamed Nafad, Abd El-Moneam Zakaria, Ahmed Abdel Fattah

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: In the peri- and postmenopausal years, abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most prevalent reason for gynecological appointments. Aim of the work: To detect the role of office hysteroscopy and three-dimensional (3D) endometrial volume measurement in the evaluation of women with perimenopausal bleeding. Patients and methods: This study was conducted at Al-Azhar University in Al Hussein university hospital from March 2017 to October 2019 Obstetrics and Gynecology department. The research included 100 studied cases complaining of perimenopausal bleeding at the outpatient clinic. Results: hyperplasia followed by complex endometrial hyperplasia and only 1 case of endometrial carcinoma was discovered. In …

Prevalence Of Child Sexual Abuse In Sohag Governorate In Egypt During One Year From January To December, 2020., Adel Hamdy, Ibrahim Mohamed, Mohamed Abdelhamid

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Child sexual abuse is a major threatening problem to child health which predispose to different distressing short-term and long-term complications including psychic, cognitive, physical and social hazards. Objective: To evaluate all alleged child sexual abuse cases that presented to Forensic Medicine Authority in Sohag Governorate of Egypt during 2020. Patients and Methods: There were (69) alleged cases of child sexual abuse presented to the Forensic Medicine Authority in Sohag Governorate during 2020. A history were taken from children to analysis and identify the situation of the assault then general and local examinations were done for detection of any positive …

Study Of Laparoscopic Nissen Versus Anterior Partial Fundoplication In Management Of Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease In Children, Mahmoud Ghaly, Mohammed Ellithy, Ibrahim Gamaan

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: GERD is the most common upper gastroesophageal disorder in the Western population. A number of strategies have been recommended to prevent this problem. Aim of the Work: to compare the Nissen fundoplication with partial anterior fundoplication. Patients and Methods: The present comparative study included thirty patients who had symptomatic GERD admitted in pediatric surgery department ,Al-Azhar University hospitals and all patients submitted to preoperative clinical evaluation and investigations. Patients were randomly allocated to undergo either laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (group I) or laparoscopic partial anterior fundoplication (group II). All patients in our study signed a consent form. Results: there was …

The Surgical Outcome Of Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Emphasis On Rhinogenic Headache, Mohamed Eloby, Salaheddin Ali, Mohamed Alawady

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a persistent inflammatory disease. The pathogenesis of CRS involves many factors including genetics, status of the sinonasal microbiome, infections, and environmental influences. Aim of the study :To monitor the outcome of sinus surgery and to evaluate headache severity, duration, and frequency. Patients and methods: A prospective study was conducted at Al-Azhar University Hospital. We targeted 60 patients belonging to both sexes aged between 18 and 65 years. Divided into 3 groups: Group (1): Chronic Rhinosinusitis with or without concha bullosa, Group (2): Chronic Rhinosinusitis with or without hypertrophy turbinate, and Group (3): Chronic Rhinosinusitis with …

Comparative Study Between Clinical Outcomes Of All Inside Technique And Standard Antero-Medial Technique In Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Abd Elkakim Farrag, Mohamed Alhalawany, Mahmoud Hamada

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Although theoretically superior to traditional technique, anatomical single bundle ACLR via all-inside technique does not appear to demonstrate statistically significant advantages over conventional technique, as with the Lysholm scoring system. Aim of the work: This study compared the post-operative clinical outcomes of arthroscopic ACL restoration using the "all-inside approach" versus the "traditional procedure". Patients and Methods: Between March 2020 and December 2021, fifty patients were admitted to the department of Orthopedic surgery and Traumatology in Sayed Galal University Hospital with torn ACL exhibiting high grade pivot shift (II or III) under anesthesia. Results: The mean age of the patients …

Evaluation Of The Medial Sural Artery Perforator Flap For Validity Around Knee Reconstruction, Aly Shafei, Magdy Abd-Almoktader Abdel-Kreem, Mohamed Ouf

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Soft tissue defects overlying the knee are often the result of trauma, post-burn contracted scars, and malignancy requiring a wide excision. These defects signify a great challenge to surgeons when faced with reconstructive surgery. Aim of the Work: Evaluation of the versatility of pedicle medial sural artery perforator flap as a regional flap in reconstruction of knee and around knee soft tissue defects. Patients and Methods: Twenty patients were recruited in this study who suffered soft tissue defects of knee and peri-knee with exposed vital structures. Fourteen patients were male and six were female and their ages ranged from …

Zinc And Abdominal Aortic Calcification In Patients Under Regular Hemodialysis, Omar Sayed, Safwat Ahmed, Hani Ismail, Mohamed Elfeshawy, Mohamed Ibrahim

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Vascular calcification is known to be significantly influenced by zinc deficiency. Low serum zinc inhibited the osteochondrogenic phenotypic flip of phosphate-induced vasculature smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which led to the formation of vascular calcification. Abnormal mineral metabolism, like hyperphosphatemia, which leads to the phenotypic conversion of VSMCs into osteoblasts that secrete collagen, is a contributing factor for the development of arterial calcification in CKD. Aim and objectives: The goal of this research was to evaluate the link between zinc and abdominal aortic calcification in individuals receiving regular hemodialysis. Subjects and methods: This Cross-Sectional research included 40 Hemodialysis Patients The …

Spheno-Orbital Enplaque Meningioma; Surgical Strategy And Proptosis Result, Mostafa Aboelkhir, Mohammad, Albialy, Mansor Hendawey

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Spheno-orbital enplaque meningioma (SOEMs) are complex lesions that primarily originate in the sphenoid wing with extensive hyperostosis and may involve the orbit and cavernous sinus, making a gross total resection difficult and posing a high risk of postsurgical morbidity and recurrence. Method: a series of 13 consecutive patients with SOEM presented by proptosis and hyperostosis who underwent surgical excision by frontotemporal craniotomy, clinical, radiological, surgical technique and follow up was reviewed and analyzed. Result: In this series of 13 consecutive patients, 11 were women and 2 were men. The age range was from 35-63 years with a mean of …

Effect Of Manufactured Fat Emulsion Infusion On Protein Loss In Burn Patients (Randomized Controlled Study), Ahmed Elsodany, Ahmed Salim, Yasser Helmy

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Burn injury management requires a lot of time and resources. Most patients need lengthy hospital stays. Aim of the study: To determine the impact of manufactured fat emulsion on protein loss in burn patients. Patients and Methods: This Randomized controlled study included 20 patients of 20% up to 40% of TBSA that were hospitalized to department of plastic and reconstructive surgery, Al-Azhar University hospital, which was prospectively be simple into two groups. Group (A) were subjected manufactured fat emulsion IV infusion. Group (B) controlled. The study duration ranged from 6-12 months. The patient administrates 1-1.5g /per kg of intralipid …