Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Does Digital Literacy Empower Adolescent Girls In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review, Salima Meherali, Komal Abdul Rahim, Sandra Campbell, Zohra S. Lassi

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: The vast majority (90%) of the world's adolescents aged 10-19 live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); and in those resource-limited settings, girls face distinct challenges across multiple health, social, and economic domains. Gender equality and girls' empowerment are key goals in their own right and are central to all other development goals. Digital literacy is a great enabler for the empowerment of young girls. This systematic review aims to assess the range and nature of digital literacy interventions implemented to empower adolescent girls in LMICs and identify evidence about adolescent girls' access and use of digital technologies in …

A Performance Improvement Project To Improve Hand-Off Communication Documentation Within The Surgical Services Department, Bobbie J. Wich, Millie Escalona, Judy E. Bowling, Ana L. Santos

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

Over 80% of adverse events in healthcare are due to miscommunication. To improve patient safety, The Joint Commission recommended the use of standardized hand-off communication tools in 2012. One acute care hospital in Southeast Florida implemented standardized handoff reports in 2014 with few revisions since that time. The COVID-19 pandemic brought to light additional critical information was needed to keep patients and staff safe, such as laboratory results indicating the need for isolation precautions. The nurses within the surgical services noticed this critical information was not sufficiently included in the handoff report. The lack of this information led to unnecessary …

Bedside Shift Reporting: A Benchmark Project, Clydea C. Hale

MSN Capstone Projects

Patient care is forever changing to improve satisfaction, safety, and overall treatment. Over the past few years, patients and their families are more invested in their overall care in the hospital and expect to be informed every step of the way. A common complaint from patients or their families is that one nurse or staff did not know the individuals care or treatment plan, there were no shift goals to work toward discharge, and the nurse did not update the patient/family with changes in care. All of these complaints along with the patient satisfaction scores and communication between the treatment …

An Investigation Into The Use Of An Herbal Labor Induction Tincture Containing Black Cohosh, Cramp Bark, Partridgeberry, And Motherwort On Contractile Responses Produced From Isolated Strips Of Mouse Uterine Tissues, Clayton Neuenschwander, Katrina Wu, Teresa F. Degolier

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Introduction: Alternative solutions in the form of herbal remedies meant to ease or expedite the process of labor have often been pursued and administered but have seldom been quantitatively tested for efficacy. Published research has shown some validation for some commonly used herbs such as blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides), red raspberry (Rubus idaeus), castor bean (Ricinus communis) and evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) on isolated mouse uterine strips. Methods: This study tested an array of herbs used by midwives in a labor induction tincture, which included black cohosh (Actaea racemosa), cramp bark (Viburnum opulus), partridgeberry (Mitchella repens), and motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca). …

Global Midwifery: Principles, Policy And Practice, Kiran Bajracharya

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

This publication is a fine piece of work written by a team of renowned, experienced authors working for many years in the field of midwifery in prestigious organizations such as the Royal College of Midwives (RCM) UK, Department of Interprofessional Health, Swansea University, UK and the ICM. The book has a wide focus on global midwifery, its milestones and its development including very useful resources to assist countries to adopt and transform midwifery education and practice, based on multiple sources of evidence. The book also gives direction to midwifery leaders, associations, teachers and students who are dedicated to midwifery development …

December 2021: The End Of Another Eventful Year, Rafat Jan, Edwin Van Teijlingen, Kiran Mubeen

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

No abstract provided.

Why Can’T I Have A Choice Of Companion During Labor? Barriers To Implementation Of Companion Presence, Anul Shifa Maknojia, Azwa Malik

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Companionship during labor gives comfort and reassurance to laboring women. Couples should experience this pivotal part of life together for its successful accomplishment. They bestow maternal support and ensure psychological wellbeing. However, there are some health care facilities who don’t permit the woman to bring a companion. The common barriers for not allowing companions during labor are: the utilization of traditional methods by companions, improper architectural layout, various ethnicities, and policies of hospitals. Thus, practical and realistic actions should be taken as discussed in the paper. Therefore, a laboring woman can utilize the choice of a companion during labor.

An Assessment Of Antenatal Care Received By Bhutanese Women: A Retrospective Review Of Maternal And Child Health Handbooks, Kencho Zangmo, Tshering Dema, Kinga Om, Choden Gaylek, Lali Maya Karki

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Introduction: Providing quality antenatal care not only increases the likelihood of early detection of maternal health and socioeconomic factors linked to untoward pregnancy outcomes but also prepares women for safe childbirth and for possible emergencies during pregnancy. Therefore, this study assessed antenatal care received by pregnant women against the national guideline on antenatal care services.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the national referral hospital in Bhutan. A convenience sample of 571 maternal and child health handbooks (records) of pregnant women coming to deliver at the hospital in July and August 2020 were included.
Results: Approximately 1/3 …

Factors Associated With Gestational Diabetes Among Women Registered At Secondary Hospitals In Karachi, Pakistan, Sumaira Feroz Ali, Tazeen S. Ali, Arusa Lakhani, Zaib Nadeem

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Introduction: Few things are proven, there are modifiable and non-modifiable factors that could impact on the health of pregnant women who have Gestational Diabetes Millitus (GDM). However, case control studies are lacking that explore the modifiable factors and identify which modifiable factors are associated with GDM.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the modifiable associated risk factors of GDM among women at 32 to 40 weeks of gestation.
Methodology: A case-control study design was conducted at secondary hospitals for women and children in Karachi, Pakistan. The data were collected from 100 cases and same number of controls, …

The Influence Of Gender Bias On Male Nurses And Nursing Students In The Obstetric, Maternal, And Pediatric Nursing Profession., Julian Alvarez

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

This literature review analyzes if gender bias influences the disproportionate number of male nurses and male nursing students in the pediatric, maternal, and obstetric nursing fields as compared to nursing as a whole. PubMed and CINAHL databases were utilized to find 15 research articles focused on the experiences of male nurses and male nursing students. These articles were compared amongst each other to find common themes of the male experience in the nursing fields of pediatrics, maternity, and obstetrics. The three common themes found were 1) Men tend to encounter situations where their professionalism will be monitored more closely when …

Comparison Of Pregnancy Complications In Unintended And Intended Pregnancy: A Prospective Follow-Up Study, Mitra Eftekhariyazdi, Malihe Mehrbakhsh, Mahboubeh Neamatshahi, Manijeh Yousefi Moghadam

BioMedicine

Background and Objectives: Unintended pregnancy, as a pregnancy that is mistimed, unplanned or unwanted at the time of conception, is a common experience worldwide that puts mothers at risk for mental stress and its pregnancy complications. The aim of this study was to compare three common pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, preterm labor, and low birth weight, between unintended and intended pregnancies in Sabzevar, northeast Iran in 2019.

Materials and Methods: This prospective follow-up study was conducted on 200 pregnant women (100 intended and 100 unintended pregnancies) who were between 18 and 35 years old and were referred for …

Association Of Dowry Practices With Perceived Marital Life And Intimate Partner Violence, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Neesha Hussain, Shah Zeb, Asli Kulane

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Objective: To understand the perceptions of women about the influence of dowry customs on their marital life and on intimate partner violence.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Karachi between 2008 to 2010, and comprised married women of reproductive age. Data was collected through a valid World Health Organisation questionnaire which was validated for the local context after translation into Urdu. Data was analysed using SPSS 10.
Results: Of the 810 women approached, 759(93.7%) formed the final sample. Of them, 447(59%) women and 307(40.4%) of the husbands were aged 25-35 years. Women in arranged marriages involving dowry transaction reported …

Modern Representations Of Childbirth In American Comedy Television Shows, Emily Smith

Senior Theses

This is a concurrent, mixed methods pilot study that combines quantitative analysis and qualitative observations with the aim of examining the portrayal of childbirth in modern American comedy shows. 38 episodes airing from 2010 to 2020 (n=38) were analyzed according to objective elements of representation (e.g., location of birth, interventions employed, etc.), as well as coded for common themes. Quantitative data revealed that the most represented births in comedy shows on American television from the 2010s were vaginal (82.1%), in the hospital (69.2%), uncomplicated (66%), and represented technological interventions (66%). Qualitative analysis found six main themes: chaos surrounding childbirth; disgust …

Predictors Of Fear Of Childbirth And Depressive Symptoms Among Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Survey In Pwani Region, Tanzania, Agnes Fredrick Massae, Margareta Larsson, Sebalda Leshabari, Columba Mbekenga, Andrea Barnabas Pembe, Agneta Skoog Svanberg

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Many women experience fear of childbirth (FoB) and depressive symptoms (DS) during pregnancy, but little is known about FoB among Tanzanian women. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of FoB and DS among pregnant women and determine predictors of each and both, focusing on sociodemographic and obstetric predictors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at six health facilities in two districts in Tanzania between 2018 and 2019. In total, 694 pregnant women with gestational age between 32 and 40weeks and expecting vaginal delivery were consecutively recruited and assessed for FoB and DS. We collected data …

Decreasing Unintentional Pregnancies For Tennesseans, Paula M. Todd

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In 2018, 49% of all pregnancies in the United States were unintended, with women with a lower- income status being five times more likely to experience an unplanned pregnancy. Tennessee has a high rate of unintended pregnancies, particularly among the uninsured, low-income, and rural teen populations; some 22% of these unintended pregnancies end in abortion. Oral or transdermal contraceptives that are affordable and accessible for women of childbearing age can reduce unintentional pregnancies. The addressed gap in clinical practice was that contraceptives are not currently available over the counter in Tennessee pharmacies without a prescription, which necessitates a costly medical …

Telesimulation Innovation On The Teaching Of Spikes Model On Sharing Bad News, Zohra Kurji, Azaina Aijaz, Amina Aijaz Khowaja, Zohra Asif Jetha, Shanaz Hussein Cassum

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) brought to the world, an unprecedented emergency, which dramatically affected the face-to-face teaching in higher education academia. University faculty and students had to shift overnight to an online and remote course instruction. They were neither trained nor prepared and had limited resources and infrastructure. Palliative Care and Oncology Stream Faculty at Aga Khan University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Pakistan, piloted an innovative academic project using telesimulation (TS). Trainee nurse interns were taught communication skills and the art of breaking bad news to palliative clients using the SPIKES model through TS. To incorporate best practices for …

Language Abilities In Children Born To Mothers Diagnosed With Diabetes: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Diana Arabiat, Mohammad Al Jabery, Mark Jenkins, Vivien Kemp, Lisa Whitehead, Gary Adams

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

This meta-analysis reviewed and synthesized the available evidence on the association between intrauterine exposure to maternal diabetes and language abilities in children.

MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Proquest Dissertations and Theses Global, and Google Scholar databases were searched through December 2020. Studies were systematically searched, and effect sizes were calculated using random effects models.

Results:

Twelve studies were identified for inclusion in this review, however, only 10 were included in the meta-analysis. Sample size ranged from 9 to 115 participants in the diabetes group and 28 to 8192 in the control and aged around 3 years. The pooled results of the …

Online Learning And Teaching Approaches Used In Midwifery Programs: A Scoping Review, Terri Downer, Michelle Gray, Tanya Capper

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to map and identify existing literature that described online learning and teaching approaches used in midwifery education. Design: An extensive search of multiple databases and gray literature was undertaken following the JBI standards, using predefined selection criteria and following the PRISMA guidelines. Methods: This scoping review included studies published in English between 2010 and 2020 that explored the online approaches to learning and teaching for undergraduate midwifery students. The articles were reviewed by three reviewers and content analysis was undertaken. Results: Twenty-seven articles were included in the review. Results suggest that student …

Effect Of Empowered Female Labour Companion On Anxiety, Birth Outcome, And Maternal Satisfaction Among Primiparturients, Jisha C, Sreeja G. Pillai

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Labour companionship is a core element of care for improving maternal and infant health outcomes and providing respectful maternity care for a positive childbirth experience.Objective: Evaluate the effect of empowered female labour companion on anxiety, birth outcome and maternal satisfaction among primiparturients. Methods: Quantitative approach with Quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group post-test only design was used to collect data from 34 (Experimental group-17, Control group-17) primiparturients selected by consecutive sampling technique from the labour room of Govt. Medical College Hospital, Kannur. Data was collected using an interview schedule, labour specific anxiety scale, maternal satisfaction scale and birth outcome observation record, and …

Factors Affecting Maternal-Care During Labour At Maternity Centres Of Karachi, Pakistan: Exploratory Study, Nirmal Shahzaib, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Nousheen Pradhan, Farina Abrejo, Shahnaz Shahid Ali, Amir Ali Samnani

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Globally 529,000 women die every year due to harmful consequences of childbirth. This study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators that influence the provision of quality care during labour at maternity centres in Karachi, Pakistan. The qualitative exploratory study design was used to study such factors from public and private maternity health facilities of Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 12 in-depth interviews were conducted through purposive sampling by using validated semi-structured interview guide. Data was analysed using content analysis manually. Among major barriers, unhygienic environment, lack of basic equipment, supplies and medicine, unprofessional attitude of staff, physical infrastructre and …

Examining Predictors Of Attitudes And Knowledge Of Registered Nurses And Nursing Students In Tennessee Toward Pregnant And Perinatal Women With A Substance Use Disorder, Jessica Patrylo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Substance use disorders (SUDs) among pregnant and perinatal women continue to be a national public health crisis. Furthermore, nursing students and perinatal nurses have historically negative and punitive attitudes toward this vulnerable population of women. As nurses are primary care providers for pregnant and perinatal women, this is troublesome as perinatal patients express feeling stigmatized by nurses whom they should be able to trust. This contributes to the reluctance of women to seek needed medical and prenatal care. Tennessee was the first state to criminalize drug use in pregnancy and has higher neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) rates, which were more …

The Ways In Which Women’S Suffrage Affected Healthcare, Madison M. Weber

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

The 19th Amendment had and continues to have a major impact on women’s healthcare in the United States. Prior to suffrage, women had little to no ability to voice their thoughts on and change policies that regarded their own health. This essay addresses the way in which the vote both directly and indirectly impacted healthcare; including workplace conditions, maternal and reproductive rights, racial disparities, political advocacy and healthcare, the different waves of feminism, and how this has all affected modern healthcare for women. From progressive articles being published in women's magazines, to the establishment of marital rape, to the availability …

Reflecting On The Now: Race, Gender, Socio-Economic Status And Covid-19, Ariana Montemayor, Sydney M. Scanlon

VA Engage Journal

Early in 2020, we began a project for our Women and Technology class at Old Dominion University to highlight women working in health sciences. However, our original project idea drastically changed with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 focused our attention on issues regarding societal inequalities and health disparities. Therefore, we decided to create a new project that emphasized the societal inequalities and the disproportionate impact COVID had on People of Color, women and low-income individuals. In this paper, we critically reflect on the journey of our project from conception to completion, as well as how we, and the …

Smoking Cessation Interventions In South Asian Region: A Systematic Scoping Review, Sajid Iqbal, Rubina Barolia, Pammla Petrucka, Laila Ladak, Rameesha Rehmani, Abdul Kabir

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: Cigarette smoking is one of the most preventable causes of morbidities and mortalities. Since 2005, the World Health Organization Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (WHO-FCTC) provides an efficient strategic plan for tobacco control across the world. Many countries in the world have successfully reduced the prevalence of cigarette smoking. However, in developing countries, the prevalence of cigarette smoking is mounting which signifies a need of prompt attention. This scoping review aims to explore the extent and nature of Smoking Cessation (SmC) interventions and associated factors in South Asian Region (SAR) by systematically reviewing available recently published and unpublished literature. …

Postdischarge 24/7 Hotline Service For Neurology And Neurosurgery Patients And 1-Year Impact On Readmission Rates, Unplanned Emergency Department Visits, And Patient Satisfaction, Shafqat Bibi, Rida Mitha, Kiran Bano, Farida Datoo, Nadia Karim, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Objective: Telephone triage is a system in which trained nurses use standardized protocols to evaluate symptoms over the phone and determine the appropriate course of action.
Materials and methods: We implemented a protocol for systematic follow up phone calls and telephonic triage to families of neurology and neurosurgery patients after discharge, primarily to improve care transition and to assess its impact on the ratio of visits in the emergency department, readmissions, and overall satisfaction of patients and families. The intervention comprised the implementation of nurse led telephone triage and postdischarge follow up phone calls. After implementing hotline services in mind …

Utilizing A Stress And Coping Model Into A Preventive Abusive Head Trauma Parent/Caregiver Educational Program, Camile Williams

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a serious form of child maltreatment that is the primary cause of fatal head injuries in children younger than 24 months and is the cause for over 50% of severe or fatal traumatic brain injury incidences. These injuries can be caused by impact, shaking, or the combination of shaking and impact. These multi-factorial injuries can cause intracranial and spinal damage, retinal hemorrhages, and fractures of ribs and other bones. The age and severity of injuries will be used to assess the diagnosis of AHT. When AHT occurs, it is often tied to the behavior from …

Effect Of Infant Breastfeeding Versus Formula Feeding For A Minimum Of One Month On Cognitive Outcomes In Early Childhood, Mary K. Bosson, Sarah Michelle Hodges, Madison Victoria Cavalli, Kaitlyn Grace Carmichael

EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement

Cognitive development is an important part of infant growth since intellectual predilections in infancy set enduring patterns. Evidence supports that exclusive or mixed breastfeeding for at least one month may improve general child cognition scores. Breast milk contains nutrients such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA), zinc, choline, and vitamin B12 that enhance myelination in the brain to improve cognition. Even if formula is able to be fortified with these vitamins and minerals, formula-fed infants tend to experience slower digestion with less nutrient absorption. Despite the potential nutritional gains of breastfeeding, there is a knowledge gap regarding how long …

Perceived Stress May Mediate The Relationship Between Antenatal Depressive Symptoms And Preterm Birth: A Pilot Observational Cohort Study, Sharifa Bashir Lalani, Aliyah Dosani, Ntonghanwah Forcheh, Shahirose Sadrudin Premji, Sana Siddiqui, Kiran Shaikh, Ayesha Mian, Ilona S Yim Ilona S Yim, Maternal-Infant Global Health Team (Might) Collaborators In Research

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: Screening for changes in pregnancy-related anxiety and depressive symptoms during pregnancy may further our understanding of the relationship between these two variables and preterm birth.
Objectives: To determine whether changes in pregnancy-related anxiety and depressive symptoms during pregnancy influence the risk of preterm birth among Pakistani women; explore whether perceived stress moderates or mediates this relationship, and examine the relationship between the various components of pregnancy-related anxiety and preterm birth.
Methods: A prospective cohort study design was used to recruit a diverse sample of 300 low-risk pregnant women from four centers of Aga Khan Hospital for Women and Children …

Understanding How Mothers Perceive Doulas During Childbirth, Eva J. Huff

Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects

No abstract provided.

Tiny Tusks Internship: The Effect Of Health Care Providers' Education And Attitudes Toward Breastfeeding On The Mother's Decision To Breastfeed, Jocelyn Clark

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

There is a stigma surrounding breastfeeding in the public community, places of employment, and health care facilities. This paper focuses on the impact health care workers have on the mother's decision to breastfeed her infant, and her ability to continue breastfeeding as the primary source of infant nutrition. This paper includes experiences from an internship with Tiny Tusks, which provides breastfeeding support to mothers in the Northwest Arkansas area. Tiny Tusks allows for a better understanding of the community's breastfeeding needs and provides support to breastfeeding mothers in order to reduce the stigma associated with breastfeeding. In health care environments, …