Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Global Trends And Research Landscape Of Metformin And Artificial Intelligence: Bibliometric Analysis, Raya Doraid Mohammed, Alaa Qasim Hayder, Hamza A. Saadallah, Ali Q Saeed, Alice Louis Yousif, Safa M Salim, Noor Mahmood Sultan, Mohammed Ahb. Al-Krdoshi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

This bibliometric study examines global research trends and key thematic areas in Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications related to Metformin, especially in diabetes treatment. A total of 227 articles were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science Core Collection) from 2020 to 2024. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to analyze publications by year, country, institution, journal, citation impact, and keyword co-occurrence. The United States, Canada, and South Korea contributed over 85% of the output, with leading institutions including the University of California, Los Angeles. Keyword mapping identified ``machine learning,'' ``Metformin,'' and ``Type 2 Diabetes'' as the most influential …

Measure The Sensitivity Of Streptococcus Mutans Against Cds Nanoparticles, Ali Essam Ali, Sara Habeeb Jassim, Abeer Ali Marhoon

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Dental caries is the most common disease that poses a threat to human health. As a result, caries prevention is crucial because it is now a major global public health issue. Nowadays, there is more focus on employing nanoscale medication delivery devices to prevent dental cavities. Here, an antibacterial activity of CDs synthesis with allover plant by measuring the turbidity and bacterial colony after the effect of CDs NPs on the one-off gram-positive bacteria streptococcus mutans that cause dental caries. The results showed significant (p < 0.05) concentration of 10, 15, 25 μ g/mL of CDs NPs. Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis showed the effect of CDs NPs on the bacterial cell, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) that showed the size, shape and the attachment of Nanoparticles to the bacterial cell wall that support the effect of nanoparticles on bacteria. When compared to chemical and physical procedures, environmentally friendly technologies can produce simple, easy, and affordable nanoparticles. has the capacity to function as antimicrobial agents.

Clinical Interactions Of Celiac Disease And Relationship With Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Noor Thair Tahir, Raghda Shams Akram, Aseel Ibrahim Abbas, Sahar Abdul Wahab Alshaban, Fatma Abd Alhamza Obed

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Celiac disease is a typical autoimmune ailment that can be brought on by gluten, a protein present in wheat, barley, and rye. It is estimated that one person out of every 100 worldwide has celiac disease, with the majority going untreated. Although it can manifest asymptomatically, celiac disease is typified by a variety of gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms. The consistency of clinical, serological, and histopathological data is essential for the diagnosis of celiac disease. The diagnosis, nevertheless, is often missed and can be difficult. A higher risk of complications and a negative impact on quality of life are linked to …

Mpox Preparedness And Pandemic Memory: An Exploratory Study Among Young And Highly Educated Populations In Iraq, Israa M. Ali Alameen

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Pink Color Of Composite In Esthetic Prosthodontics, Reem Abdulrahim Alobaidy

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Studies on the detailing of gingival color used a narrative path. Researches on visual gingival color record had various aims, methods, and measurements. It is difficult to match or even join their scores in a scientifically significative mode. A literature search was implemented in the online databases – PubMed, Science Direct, Medline and Google Scholar with the feedback of that progress in dental materials and technology appear handed concernedly due to their special properties and temple of pink gingival color. The activity between gingival color and the shade of ceramic restorations has never been fully discussed. Purpose of this study …

The Role Of Nanotechnology In Improving The Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Denture Base Material, Rasha Mehdi, Intisar J. Ismail, Ahmed Ali Mohammed

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is still the most common material used for denture bases but its mechanical and physical properties. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the application of nanotechnology for enhancing physical and mechanical properties of denture base materials. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed to identify in vitro experimental studies from 2020 through 2025. The review was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 statement. Included studies that characterised the mechanical or physical properties of nanoparticle-reinforced denture base materials. Results: Fourteen in vitro experimental studies were eligible for the …

The Influence Of Coloring Liquids On The Flexural Strength Of Monolithic Zirconia, Ali Ibrahim Naser, Nidhal Sahib Mansoor

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Objective: This systematic review investigates the impact of coloring liquids and methods of application on the flexural strength of monolithic zirconia. Methods: a comprehensive search was carried out in PubMed (MEDLINE), Google Scholar, and Scopus without any limitations based on the year of publication, adhering to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Inclusion criteria consisted of the studies with reported in vitro experiments that focused on the effects of the coloring liquid on the mechanical and microstructural properties of the zirconia. Systematic reviews, case reports, narrative reviews, post-sintering staining studies, and research on pre-shaded zirconia were among the papers excluded. Results: A total …

Comprehensive Evaluation Of The Severity And Contributing Factors Of Anemia Among Pregnant Women Attending Bab Al-Mouadum Primary Health Care Center, Baghdad, Iraq, Fatema Aouda Abbas, Enass Razzaq Hamza, Israa. M. Ali Alameen

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Background : Anaemia is one of the famous disorders which spreading between women during pregnancy and considered one of the risks that surround both mother and foetus, this phenomena is more common in developing countries. Methods : The aim of this study is to evaluate haemoglobin (Hb) levels and detect the other related risks in 200 pregnant women, the study done in healthcare centre in Bab Al-Mouadum, Baghdad Al Iraq, The data were collected in period between 15 October and 15 November 2023. By using questionnaire and interview, the statistical analyses is done by expert, and its including descriptive statistics …

The Effect Of Using All Around Major Stabilizer On Dimensional Change Of Zirconia Material Under Conventional Sintering, Ali Thaer Kadhom, Israa Mohammed Hummudi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Zirconia had emerged as a highly promising material for the production of attractive dental restorations due to its mechanical properties. One of the biggest issues with zirconia long bridge affected on dimension after sintering. The dimensional change of a zirconia bridge of more than six units after sintering will be affected. The aim of study: To evaluate the dimensional changes that occur during the fabrication process of a monolithic stabilized zirconia full-anatomy bridge under the influence of all around major stabilizer. Materials and Methods: The cast and specimen were designed digitally by Exo-Cad software. The specimen was designed from …

Prevalence And Determinants Of Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults Attending Primary Health Care Centers In Baghdad: A Cross-Sectional Study, Muammar Basheer Yasir, Almottesembellah Abdalruhman Gaiz, Noor Abdulredha Jaleel

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Metabolic syndrome has emerged as an important health concern globally, especially in developing countries where urbanization and lifestyle changes are rapidly increasing. No reliable epidemiological information regarding the prevalence and risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome is available among Iraqi adults in primary health care (PHC) clinics. This study was designed to determine the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome and identify potential risk factors among adults attending PHC centers in Baghdad. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study design was used, targeting 412 adult subjects selected randomly from multiple PHC centers in Baghdad. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected. The …

Determination The Prevalence Of Multidrug Antimicrobial Resistance Of Nosocomial Enterobacter Cloacae Isolates From Clinical Specimens In Baghdad Hospitals, Baidaa Mijbel Ali

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Enterobacter cloacae have challenged global health through nosocomial infections, especially among immunocompromised patients. In the most overburdened healthcare systems, more study and strategy are anticipated. Aim of the study: To determine the prevalence of Enterobacter cloacae in hospital-acquired infections in Baghdad hospitals and to evaluate its antimicrobial resistance patterns across burn, wound, and urine samples, with a focus on multidrug resistance and antibiotic resistance trends. Methods: Three hundred and seventy-seven patient samples were collected and examined at a teaching laboratory in Baghdad between January 2024 and December 2024. These had 513 samples, 238 burn swabs, 139 wound swabs, and …

The Association Between Osteoporosis In Females Following Menopause And Vitamin D Deficiency, Hadel Kareem Al-Rubaiawi, Noor Adel Hussein, Dunia Abdul Jabbar Star, Amer Hasan Abdullah, Salma Abdul-Ridha Abbas, Hawazin Aziz Hamim

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

The intricate relationship among osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency, and hormonal changes. Growth hormone, cortisol, parathyroid hormone, estrogen, testosterone, thyroid hormones, and thyroid hormones are a few of the hormones that affect bone turnover and density. Alterations in their concentrations, whether brought on by healthy aging or illnesses, can interfere with bone remodelling and increase the risk of osteoporosis. Moreover, inadequate levels of vitamin D increase the risk by decreasing the absorption of calcium and the mineralization of bone. Estrogen and vitamin D deficits increase bone loss, especially in postmenopausal women. Proactive treatment techniques, including hormone replacement therapy, vitamin D supplements, …

Reinforcement Of Maxillofacial Silicone, Taqwa Majid Abdulhussein, Thekra Ismael Hamad

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Maxillofacial prostheses are very important for helping people with head and neck defects (caused by congenital disabilities, accidents, or cancer treatments) get better. Their goal is to restore oral function, comfort, appearance, and mental health. Since the 1960s, silicone elastomers, especially polydimethylsiloxane, have been considered the best materials because they are highly resistant to tearing and stretching, biocompatible, and naturally colour-stable, but silicone has a very short clinical lifespan because it breaks down when exposed to UV radiation, moisture, biological fluids, and mechanical stress. The main goal of reinforcement is to add fillers to silicone elastomers to strengthen and improve …

Organic Coumarin Derivatives As Laser-Active Materials: A Review Of Synthesis, Optical Behaviour, And Applications, Aya H. Mohammed, Mohammed Hasan Al-Dahlaki

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Coumarin derivatives have settled into a position of unusual prominence among organic laser-active materials. Few other chromophore families combine such favourable photophysics with synthetic chemistry that is at once long-established and still actively evolving. The aim of this review is to draw together what is now known about coumarin-based laser dyes — their preparation, their optical behaviour, the laser performance that has been achieved with them, and the broader applications that have followed — with particular attention to work published between 2019 and 2026. Considerable space is given to the structural origin of the strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) character …

The Prevalence Of Oral Diseases In Heredity Bleeding Disorders In Iraq, Warkaa M. Al-Wattar

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Aim: To investigate the effect of bleeding disorder on oral condition in Iraqi patients. Patient and methods: 153 patients were included in this study attending dental unit in Iraqi center of hematology. They were diagnosed and treated for ordinary oral diseases like dental caries and periodontal diseases mainly. While treatment vary from only diagnosis and checkup to more complicated surgical extraction. The patients data include sex, blood group, cheife complain and type of treatment. Results: The main chief complain was dental caries and less periodontal diseases while main treatment management was only checkup. The blood group O was the most …

Association Between Body Mass Index, Vitamin D3 And Lipid Profile In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Eman Ali Hussein, Hulia Kanan Mohammed, Zainab Abduljabbar Ridha Al-Ali, Qater Alnada Jassim Mohammed, Alaa Al-Noori, Tarik Muhammad Ali, Noor Thair Tahir

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Dyslipidemia and vitamin D Deficiency are one of the most common disorders among type 2 DM patients, this study was conducted to investigate in the relationship between lipid profile and vitamin D status and body mass index (BMI) Among DM patients in Baghdad province / Iraq. study was madeon 120 subjects (diabetic as well non diabetic). The fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, glycated HbA1c), lipid profile including total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL andVLDL levels and serum vitamin D level were analyzed. Current study observied that the values for FBG, HbA1c, insulin, HOMOIR, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, VLDL, and Vitamin D, …

Effect Of High Protein Diets On Kidney Health Among Athletes And Bodybuilders With Normal Kidney Function, Mustafa Mehdi Alqazzaz, Sajad Abdullah Jleep, Nouran Hussein Mutlaq, Ali Jabbar Jassem

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

This study emphasizes the effect of high-protein diets(HPD) on kidney function, focusing on key biomarkers (Albumin, Urea, Creatinine & GFR). A HPD is defined as a protein consumption >1.5g/kg per day. Results indicated variations in certain biomarkers among the participants (healthy athletes & bodybuilders with normal kidney function) suggesting potential changes in renal workload. Many studies in resistance-trained athletes focusing at HPD, concluded that there are no harmful effects of HPD on renal health. While no immediate kidney damage was observed, we suggest further investigation into the long -term implications of HPD, particularly for individuals with specific health conditions.

Atracurium And Rocuronium On Pain Score During Intravenous Injection, Suha Adel Qasim Al-Ani

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: The non-depolarizing muscle relaxant (NDMR) is generally used in anesthesia for facilitation of intubations and muscle relaxations. Nevertheless, pains during injections remain as significant concerns. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to compare levels of pain scores related to various types of NDMR (Atracurium and Rocuronium) during injections. Patients and Methods: This study was applied on (60) patients whose ages ranged between (18–65) years and underwent different surgical operations. Patients are categorized into two groups: (31) patients receiving IV Atracurium and (29) receiving Esmeron (Rocuronium) in different doses. Following IV injection of the drug, immediate …

Epidemiology, Classification, Risk Factors, Pathophysiology And Management Of Diabetes Mellitus: A Review, Mohammed Raad Khalaf, Tariq Muhammed Ali, Entedhar K. Hussain, Alaa Al-Noori

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder, remains a global health challenge with escalating prevalence rates, necessitating a thorough understanding of its multifaceted aspects for effective management. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the epidemiology, classification, risk factors, pathophysiology, and management strategies of diabetes. The epidemiology highlights the rising global prevalence of DM and its regional variations, emphasizing the socio-economic and demographic factors contributing to this epidemic. The classification provides an in-depth analysis of the evolving classification systems, encompassing Type 1, Type 2, and gestational diabetes. Risk factors associated with the development of diabetes are explored, encompassing genetic predisposition, lifestyle …

The Pivotal Role Of Artificial Intelligence In Optimizing Pharmaceutical Formulation And Delivery, Ali Khidher Abbas, Mustafa M. Noori, Ibtihal Abdulkadhim Dakhil, Mohammed Hussain Al-Mayahy

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technological paradigm within the pharmaceutical sciences, offering innovative and forward-looking solutions to surmount the inherent limitations associated with conventional drug development, formulation design, and therapeutic delivery systems. Traditional pharmaceutical methodologies frequently entail protracted development timelines, extensive experimental procedures, and substantial financial expenditures, particularly within the domains of formulation optimization and drug delivery design. The integration of AI-driven technologies – encompassing machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), artificial neural networks (ANNs), and predictive analytics – has considerably accelerated pharmaceutical research by refining decision-making processes, alleviating experimental burden, and enhancing formulation efficiency. The present …

The Pathological Interaction Between Diabetes And Hypertension: Mechanisms And Clinical Complications, Alaa Al-Noori, Ayad Ahmed Al-Taweel, Qater Alnada Jassim Mohammed, Tarik Muhammad Ali, Majeed Mihsin B. Al-Hamdani, Noor Thair Tahir

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Among the most prevalent chronic conditions, diabetes and hypertension frequently coexist in a single patient, aggravating vascular problems and hastening the deterioration of target organs, especially the kidneys. By raising intraglomerular pressure, impairing endothelial function, and triggering oxidative stress and inflammation, hypertension directly increases the chance of developing diabetes sequelae, including diabetic nephropathy. Chronic kidney disease advances more quickly when poorly managed hyperglycemia and hypertension combine to cause a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and an increase in urine albumin excretion. Other consequences like retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease are also encouraged by this pathological occurrence. Reducing the advancement of …

Clinical Significance Of Liver Enzyme Biomarkers In Chronic Statin Users, Muayad Khaleel Ibrahim, Saad Mahmoud Saeed

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

It is possible that statins, by their dual capacity to modulate (both stimulate and suppress) immune responses, could play a role in influencing the course of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, our investigation was designed to explore how statins impact both the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system, as well as their effect on the crucial mechanism of self-tolerance. This was achieved through the comprehensive measurement of various antibody profiles, specifically including the detection and quantification of autoantibodies, such as antinuclear antibodies and Creatinine kinase, Aldolase, HMGCR antibody, Albumin and Bilirubin and Alanine transaminase, Aspartate aminotransferase, Our investigation employed a …

Some Pathogenic Agents Isolated From Gento-Urinary Tract Of Females Patients In Baghdad Area, I. M. Al-Saqur, A. N. Al-Thwani, E. M. Abdul Ameer, S. W. Abd-Al-Zhra, M. K. Sahan, H. S. Ferman, A. A. Hassan, H. M. Hassan

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

The Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) represents a significant global health burden and the pathogens which inhibit the geneto - urinary Tract (GUT) of women cause devastating consume. In this study investigation UGT were carried out through examination of 186 women (183 married and 65 unmarried) who attended Damascus Private Medical Center-Baghdad, through the period from the beginning of January 2023 to the end of August 2023. Detection were conducted according to the standard methods after macroscopically and macroscopically examination of u samples. The results, indicated that 121 (65.05%) were infected and married women had high infection (78.86%) than the unmarried …

Measuring The Concentration Of Heavy Metals In The Serum Of Traffic Police And Their Impact On Heart Disease In The Future, Hanaa Khalil Sacheat

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

The spread of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and nickel is a clear danger that threatens the earth and disrupts the ecological balance. In this research, we evaluated the danger of these metals present in the areas of traffic points for traffic policemen who are present for long periods at traffic points. 25 blood samples were collected from traffic policemen present at traffic points, with information about age, date of joining the job, and smoking, The comparison was made with the same number of samples of people who were in a job inside buildings, The results showed a significant …

Associated Factors Of Quality Of Life In Hypertensive Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study In Riau Province, Indonesia, Dhimas Maybelliano, Rajunitrigo Rajunitrigo, Lita Lita, Abdurrahman Hamid, T Abdur Rasyid

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Hypertension is a chronic condition that adversely affects quality of life (QoL). Identifying factors associated with QoL is essential for improving hypertension management. This study aimed to identify factors associated with QoL among hypertensive patients in Riau Province, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2024 to January 2025 at two public health centers in Riau Province: Puskesmas Rejosari in Pekanbaru City and Puskesmas Bagansiapi-api in Rokan Hilir Regency. A total of 150 hypertensive patients aged 25-59 years were enrolled. QoL was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Independent variables included sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, dietary patterns, and physical activity. Data …

Promoting The Hpv Vaccine Across The League Of Arab States: A Scoping Review Of Interventions, Basil H. Aboul-Enein, Patricia J. Kelly, Fatmah Almoayad, Teresa Keller

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

INTRODUCTION: This scoping review examined existing interventions designed to promote and educate about HPV vaccination in the league of Arab states (LAS).

METHODS: Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines and using a PICOS-informed approach, a comprehensive search was conducted across 16 databases to identify peer-reviewed intervention studies published between 2010 and August 2025.

RESULTS: Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Most interventions originated from Egypt and Saudi Arabia and were delivered in academic or clinical settings using short, didactic, one-group pre-post designs. Only a few studies incorporated behavioral theories, digital modalities, or multi-component strategies. Nearly all studies reported short-term improvements in HPV-related knowledge …

Role Of Staff Education In Improving Patient Medication Adherence To Reduce Crisis Recurrence Among Psychiatric Patients, Francine Wanjiku

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Dnp Final Report: Enhancing Radiation Oncology Training For Advanced Practice Providers, Katherine A. Bukolt

DNP Final Reports

Background: Rising cancer incidence and improved survivorship are straining the oncology workforce, increasing reliance on Advanced Practice Providers (APPs). However, there is a lack of standardized educational resources for APP radiation oncology training across practice settings. Most APPs receive variable, resource-dependent, and on-the-job training. Evidence shows that the lack of standardized training leads to gaps in foundational knowledge, reduced confidence in toxicity management, inconsistent role development, and variable satisfaction with training and transition into practice.

Purpose: This quality improvement project evaluated the feasibility of implementing an 18-module Advanced Practice Radiation Oncology (APRO) asynchronous online curriculum to standardize APP radiation oncology …

Self-Management For Youth And Young Adults With Childhood-Onset Chronic Conditions: A Scoping Review Of Health Care Transition Planning Literature, Jennifer Emilie Mannino Ph.D., R.N., Cne, Cara C. Young, Monique M. Ridosh, Kristin Cleverley, Lin Li, Lynn Kysh, Catherine A. Harwood, Brooke Allemang, Linda Tirabassi-Mathis, Sharon Hudson, Stephanie M. Key, Benjamin C. Schwartzman, Jihye Lee, Manu Raam, Cecily L. Betz

Nursing: Faculty Publications

Objective: To determine the extent to which self-management has been investigated and reported in literature focused on the transition from pediatric to adult healthcare for youth and young adults with childhood-onset chronic conditions (CCCs).

Introduction: An estimated 1.2 million youth with CCCs are expected to enter adulthood annually in the United States. As these youth transition from pediatric to adult health systems, they are at risk for experiencing critical gaps in care continuity and adverse health outcomes. Health care transition models have emerged to address these gaps, with self-management recognized as a critical component of successful transition.

Inclusion criteria: The …

Surviving Sepsis 2026: Key Updates, Amanda Rawa, Katherine Ghattas

Transformative Medicine

The 2026 update to the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines introduces several important changes in the management of sepsis and septic shock, with a greater focus on tailoring treatment to individual patients. Notable updates include lower blood pressure targets for older adults with septic shock, continued support for early fluid resuscitation, the selective use of rapid diagnostic testing to guide antibiotic therapy, and increased flexibility in vasopressor selection for patients with cardiac dysfunction. These recommendations are based on emerging evidence aimed at improving patient outcomes while reducing unnecessary interventions and treatment-related complications. Overall, the updated guidelines reinforce a more personalized approach …