Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Risk For Maternal Infant Bonding Reduction In High Risk Deliveries And The Recovery Phases, Amanda M. Karimi, Corie Vanarsdale Msn

Nursing Undergraduate Work

Bonding is one of the first developmental tasks for infants and is imperative for successful growth. The bonding phase begins in the periods immediately following birth. Complications that inhibit bonding postpartum may delay this process. Breastfeeding barriers, maternal substance abuse, and poor maternal mental health are among the contributing factors to delayed bonding. The purpose of this research study was to answer the question, “What best practiced nursing interventions assist mothers to promote bonding with the newborn after high risk deliveries?” This research review included a sample size of 10 articles which provided a variety of interventions to promote bonding …

Outcomes Of Implementation Of An Evidence-Based Enteral Feeding Protocol In Neonates Weighing Less Than 1800g At Birth, Rebecca Edwards

MaineHealth Maine Medical Center

Background:

Several studies have demonstrated that the implementation of standardized enteral feeding guidelines can lead to positive outcomes in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), including improved nutrition, decreased need for parenteral nutrition (PN), central lines and decreased costs. Furthermore, implementation of standard feeding regimens have significantly reduced the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a devastating gastrointestinal emergency in neonates. It has been reported that NEC has an iatrogenic component related to variations in feeding practices. While the exact mechanism of the reduced risk of NEC and implementation of feeding protocols is unclear, standard feeding regimens likely improve consistency in …

Newborn Care Practices Of Mothers In Arab Societies: Implication For Infant Welfare, Diana H. Arabiat, Lisa Whitehead, Mohammad A. Al Jabery, Muhammad Darawad, Sadie Geraghty, Suhaila Halasa

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

INTRODUCTION: There are at least 22 Arab league states and sections in Northern Africa, southwestern Asia, and Europe that incorporate the vast Middle Eastern culture. The purpose of this study was to identify the cultural variations in newborn care practices, self-management of common illnesses, and their potential impact on infant welfare.

METHOD: A qualitative design using a focus group approach with 37 Arab mothers in Jordan was used.

RESULTS: Findings revealed strong similarities in terms of beliefs, care practices, and the experience of intergenerational conflict in establishing and maintaining traditional practices among mothers. Potentially harmful practices included restrictive swaddling, rubbing …

Exome Sequencing Identifies Gene Variants And Networks Associated With Extreme Respiratory Outcomes Following Preterm Birth, Aaron Hamvas, Rui Feng, Yingtao Bi, Fan Wang, Soumyaroop Bhattacharya, Jared Mereness, Madhurima Kaushal, C Michael Cotten, Philip L Ballard, Thomas J Mariani

Faculty and Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have identified genetic variants associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely preterm infants. However, findings with genome-wide significance have been rare, and not replicated. We hypothesized that whole exome sequencing (WES) of premature subjects with extremely divergent phenotypic outcomes could facilitate the identification of genetic variants or gene networks contributing disease risk.

RESULTS: The Prematurity and Respiratory Outcomes Program (PROP) recruited a cohort of > 765 extremely preterm infants for the identification of markers of respiratory morbidity. We completed WES on 146 PROP subjects (85 affected, 61 unaffected) representing extreme phenotypes of early respiratory morbidity. We tested for …

Anesthesia Considerations For Spinal Anesthesia In Infants, Cody Grassel

Nursing Capstones

No abstract provided.

Screening Amblyopic Risk Factors In A Pediatric Population Using An Automated Vision Screener, Rebecca Dawn Slominski

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Amblyopia is the most common visual disorder in children and is potentially curable if detected early and treated properly in the first few years of life. Amblyopia is the leading cause of monocular vision loss in children (Bradfield, 2013). It is a developmental neuroplasticity which derives from birth causing structural and functional changes in the eye and brain. With this structural and functional disruption, visual blur occurs due to refractive amblyopia, strabismic amblyopia, cataracts (form-deprivation amblyopia), or a combination of any of these (Solebo, Cumberland, & Rahi, 2015). Refractive errors related to amblyopia can also occur. The purpose of this …

A Systematic Review: Infant And Maternal Mortality And Morbidity In Developing Countries, Michayla Evans, Jamie Jeemon, Christiana Strysko, Lauren Toole, Patricia Catts, Rn, Phd

Nursing Undergraduate Work

Maternal and infant morbidity and mortality rates are high within developing nations. The World Health Organization reports 800 women die daily due to pregnancy and labor complications (Maternal mortality, 2016). These complications are related to a wide variety of perinatal problems including preeclampsia and prolonged labor. Infant morbidity and mortality is related to infections, asphyxia, and low birthweight (Newborns: reducing mortality, 2016). The purpose of this systematic review was to research current literature to answer the question: “What are the nursing interventions to decrease maternal and infant morbidity and mortality in developing countries?”. This systematic research review included a sample …

Infant Safe Sleep: A Curriculum For Nurses On Labor And Delivery Units, Morgan Serke

College of Nursing and Health Sciences Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Project Publications

Purpose. Approximately 3500 infants die annually in the United States from sleep related deaths. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a safe sleep environment that can reduce the risk of all sleep-related infant deaths. However, these recommendations are inconsistently adopted in communities and often rejected by parents. Studies have indicated that parents listen to nurses and model their actions regarding the sleep position of their new infant. The nurse’s behavior is essential in influencing parents to place their babies in a safe sleep environment, and staff education programs significantly increase the knowledge acquisition, attitudes, and practice intentions of these health …

Intimate Partner Violence And Its Impact On Pregnant Women And Their Infants: A Systematic Review, Rachel Ashley, Emily Pagni, Alissarh Choujaa

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Abstract

In the United States, about 324,000 pregnant women are victims of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) annually. IPV is any type of physical, sexual, or emotional abuse of women or men in family units. IPV has detrimental effects on pregnant women and their babies, from their physical health to their mental health. It is important for nurses and other healthcare providers to have knowledge and understanding about IPV in this population and to use effective interventions and screening procedures. The purpose of this systematic review is to review and critically analyze evidence about IPV in pregnant women. The literature search …

Reducing The Risk Of Hypothermia In Neonatal Infants, Monika Klett-Dunbar

Master's Projects and Capstones

Abstract

Global Aim: To improve infant thermoregulation within the first 24 hours of life of the high risk preterm and very low birth weight (VLBW) infant population in the NICU, thereby reducing rates of morbidity and mortality due to complications influenced by infant hypothermia. Project Aim: To reduce the rate of hypothermia at one hour and the first 24 hours of life in the target population of preterm neonates weighing less than 1500 grams with a gestational age less than 32 weeks from 9.5% to < 5% through the consistent use of a specific bundle of interventions applied in the labor and delivery setting, by December 2017. The aim of the current initiative is also to build on the success of the pilot program launched in 2015 by adding to the preliminary bundle of initiatives, and sustaining hard-won achievements by reinforcing education measures to the nursing and medical teams involved in the infant delivery and NICU admission process. Background: Hypothermia is a major factor in morbidity and mortality of low-birth-weight premature infants, …

Interventions To Reduce The Effects Of Nicu Noise In Preterm Neonates, Rebecca L. Manske

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Exposure to excessive noise during a neonates stay in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can create both immediate and long term health problems such as, hearing loss, neurological deficits, and sleep pattern disturbances. The use of earmuffs or earplugs to decrease the neonate’s exposure to noise can create a more stable environment to facilitate improved growth and development. The purpose of this research was to examine the use of earmuffs or earplugs to reduce the impact of noise on neonates. A systematic review of literature was conducted using online databases including CINAHL, ERIC, Ebsco Host, Medline, and PsychINFO. The …

Opioid Abuse In Pregnancy: A Systematic Review, Emily Sebunia, Colleen Fearon

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Prenatal opioid abuse is a serious public health concern and linked with numerous health consequences for both mothers and children. Despite research describing negative outcomes of drug use during pregnancy, it is still a prevalent problem in the United States, with researchers finding that women are at highest risk for substance abuse during their reproductive years. Opioid abuse during pregnancy is common, including opioids such as hydrocodone, oxycodone, morphine, and heroin. Use of these drugs results in both short and long term side effects for the mother and child. Therefore, the prevalence of this problem should not be underestimated. …

N5330 Rossfinal Poster.Pdf, Juli Ross

Juli Ross

No abstract provided.

Introducing Allergenic Food Into Infants' Diets: Systematic Review, Katelin Larson, Jessica Mclaughlin, Mallory Stonehouse, Brittany Young, Kristin Haglund

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to explore the association between timing of introduction of potentially allergenic foods to infants and development of food allergies.

Methods: CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science were searched using the terms solid food, complementary food, or infant feeding combined with allergy or hypersensitivity for articles published in English in 2000 or later. Inclusion criteria were 1) primary research articles with 2) a focus on association between introduction of complementary foods including potentially allergenic foods into diets of infants less than 12 months of age and development of food allergies. …

Neonatal Mortality Within 24 Hours Of Birth In Six Low- And Lower-Middle-Income Countries., Abdullah H. Baqui, Dipak K. Mitra, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Fyezah Jehan, Muhammad Ilyas, Murtaza Ali, Imran Ahmed, Shabina Arif, Sajid B. Soofi, Sachiyo Yoshida

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objective: To estimate neonatal mortality, particularly within 24 hours of birth, in six low- and lower-middle-income countries.

Methods: We analysed epidemiological data on a total of 149 570 live births collected between 2007 and 2013 in six prospective randomized trials and a cohort study from predominantly rural areas of Bangladesh, Ghana, India, Pakistan, the United Republic of Tanzania and Zambia. The neonatal mortality rate and mortality within 24 hours of birth were estimated for all countries and mortality within 6 hours was estimated for four countries with available data. The findings were compared with published model-based estimates of neonatal …

Improving Transitions Of Care For Newborns Requiring Home Phototherapy Through Innovation & Collaboration, Carla Bieniek, Kristi Patterson

Nursing Posters

Improve transitions of care for newborns requiring home phototherapy by providing skilled nursing services through Home Care and changing the phototherapy modality from the BiliBed to the BiliSoft which provides more intense home phototherapy & is easier to administer.

Nutritional Status And Tuberculosis Risk In Adult And Pediatric Household Contacts, Omowunmi Aibana, Xeno Acharya, Chuan-Chin Huang, Mercedes C Becerra, Jerome T Galea, Silvia S Chiang, Carmen Contreras, Roger Calderon, Rosa Yataco, Gustavo E Velásquez, Karen Tintaya, Judith Jimenez, Leonid Lecca, Megan B Murray

Faculty and Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: Studies show obesity decreases risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease. There is limited evidence on whether high body mass index also protects against TB infection; how very high body mass indices influence TB risk; or whether nutritional status predicts this risk in children. We assessed the impact of body mass index on incident TB infection and disease among adults and children.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a prospective cohort study among household contacts of pulmonary TB cases in Lima, Peru. We determined body mass index at baseline and followed participants for one year for TB infection and disease. We used …

A Review Of The Principles And Benefits Of Cue-Based Feeding, Diana M. Cormier

DNP Forum

Literature reflects that neonatal clinical practices are increasingly infant-driven, and promote, developmentally based care. Particularly, in the area of oral feeding, practitioners are moving away from traditional gestational age criteria for the initiation of oral feeding, or progressing feedings based on volume, instead they are trending toward feeding protocols that are based on developmental maturity.

A statement released by the American Academy of Pediatrics (2008), made the attainment of independent oral feeding one of the critical criteria for hospital discharge of preterm infants. This statement not only reflected the increased research attention on oral feeding acquisition and outcomes, it caused …

Effects Of Multimodal Fever Education On Parents Of Febrile Children, Teresa S. Parkhouse

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Insufficient knowledge regarding the physiology and appropriate management of fever in children often contributes to an increased parental anxiety, inappropriate antipyretic use, and overutilization of medical resources (Chang, Liu, & Huang, 2013; Crocetti, Moghbeli, & Serwint, 2001; Schmitt, 1980). Parental concerns regarding childhood fever can lead to an overuse of health care resources as febrile illness in children accounts for approximately 20% of emergency department visits, 30% of office visits, and over 50% of after-hour phone calls to private physicians (Zomorrodi & Attia, 2008). Research shows that multidimensional educational interventions are most effective in improving parental management of fever (Young …

The Effect Of An Educational Hunger Cues Intervention On Awareness In Mothers With Infants, Juliana F. Gill, Ellen A. Vierheller

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Stress to an infant can inhibit the ability to properly feed and gain the nutrients that are essential for efficient growth. Mothers who are unaware of early hunger cues from their infant have the potential to stress the infant if their early hunger cues are not attended to. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an educational hunger cues intervention on awareness in mothers with an infant. The following research question will be answered: Will new mothers who complete an educational intervention show increased awareness of hunger cues in their infants, in comparison to before the …

Depression Screening Of Perinatal Women By The Des Moines Healthy Start Project: Program Description And Evaluation, Lisa Segre, M. O'Hara, R. Brock, D. Taylor

Lisa S. Segre

OBJECTIVE: Maternal depression is linked to poor infant and child outcome. In 2001, the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration required all Healthy Start programs to incorporate maternal-depression screening as part of home visiting services. This article describes the implementation and results of depression screening by the Des Moines Healthy Start Project between 2002 and 2009. The study represents the first longitudinal assessment of the Healthy Start maternal-depression screening initiative. METHODS: The evaluation assessed staff compliance with a protocol for screening for depression among clients at regular intervals during the prenatal and postnatal periods until the client's child was two …

Food For Health: An Investigation Of Infant Feeding Practices, Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy, And Perceived Barriers And Facilitators, Jessica W. Smith

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Exclusive breastfeeding is associated with numerous health benefits for both mother and child, and is recommended for the first 6 months of an infant’s life. The purpose of this prospective study was to examine, using a survey-based design, the breastfeeding practices, self-efficacy, and perceived barriers and facilitators of primiparous mothers in London, Ontario. A total of 71 women (M_age = 30.0, SD = 4.3) participated in the study. Women (breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding) were asked to complete online surveys at three time points: < 4 weeks postpartum, 3 months postpartum, and 6 months postpartum. Results indicated that rates of exclusive breastfeeding decreased over time, whereas partial and non-breastfeeding rates increased. Women in the exclusive breastfeeding category reported the greatest levels of breastfeeding self-efficacy at all time points. Lastly, participants identified a number of breastfeeding-related facilitators (e.g., partner support, community services) and barriers (e.g., insufficient milk supply, latching difficulties).

Influence Of A Palliative Care Protocol On Nurses' Perceived Barriers To Palliative Care And Moral Distress, Christina Cavinder

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

The World Health Organization (2013) states palliative care for children should begin at diagnosis which may even occur prenatally. Neonatal palliative care is variable due to the high technological, curative environment in the newborn intensive care unit, and the uncertain prognoses of infants born at the edge of viability. The purpose of this EBP project was to determine the influence of establishing a neonatal palliative care protocol on nurses’ perceived barriers to palliative care and moral distress. Corley’s Moral Distress theory and Stetler’s Model were used as guides for the framework of the project. The protocol, based on guidelines supported …

Factors Associated With Abnormal Weights In Infants In The First Year Of Life: Results From The 2010 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, Nikaela R. Larossa

Honors Scholar Theses

Purpose: To examine the predictors associated with abnormal infant weights for lengths in the first year of life as seen in ambulatory care settings.

Data Sources: A secondary data analysis was conducted using the 2010 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS), in which practitioners documented single patient visits. World Health Organization (WHO) growth charts and recommendations were used to evaluate infant weight for length. Of the total visits, 603 infants were less than one year old, and 595 infants were within the length range of the WHO growth charts. Of the 595 cases, 13.6% were underweight, 5.5% were overweight, 41.2% …

Neonatal Respiratory Distress In The Community Hospital: When To Transport, When To Keep., H. Hein, J. Ely, Maria Lofgren

Maria A Lofgren

Neonatal respiratory distress is a common problem confronting family physicians. Although respiratory distress may represent a benign, self-limited process, it may also be the first sign of sepsis or serious cardiopulmonary disease. Because it is crucial to differentiate the two, we offer a practical approach to the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress at community hospitals. Our method, the Rule of 2 Hours, is based on readily accessible clinical findings. We believe it will help physicians detect babies at risk for serious problems, but will not result in unnecessary referral of neonates that are simply adapting to extrauterine life.

The Changing Pattern Of Neonatal Mortality In A Regionalized System Of Perinatal Care: A Current Update., H. Hein, Maria Lofgren

Maria A Lofgren

OBJECTIVE: Our earlier studies about the changing pattern of neonatal mortality were based on data from 1978-1979 and 1982-1983. In this report, we provide a modern update of the causes of neonatal deaths to help focus prevention measures. STUDY DESIGN: We reviewed neonatal deaths for the years 1995 and 1996 and assigned a clinical cause of death. Deaths were reviewed and analyzed by place of birth and death, according to level of care. We provided an estimate of the change in causes of death between 1982-1983 and 1995-1996 and calculated an idealized neonatal mortality rate for each level of care …

Development Of A Resource Manual For Returning Neonates To Community Hospitals., Maria Lofgren

Maria A Lofgren

To facilitate the transfer of an infant from a tertiary NICU to a community Level II hospital for convalescing follow-up care, the tertiary staff must know the referral center's capabilities. This will help to establish a trusting relationship between hospitals, will enable the tertiary staff to send infants back to the referral center in a timely manner, will enable them to reassure the patient's parents concerning the transfer, and will facilitate communication between the hospitals and the patient's family. This article describes the development of a referring hospital resource manual designed to facilitate the transfer process.

Cholera Vaccination Campaign Contributes To Improved Knowledge Regarding Cholera And Improved Practice Relevant To Waterborne Disease In Rural Haiti, Omowunmi Aibana, Molly F Franke, Jessica E Teng, Johanne Hilaire, Max Raymond, Louise C Ivers

Faculty and Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: Haiti's cholera epidemic has been devastating partly due to underlying weak infrastructure and limited clean water and sanitation. A comprehensive approach to cholera control is crucial, yet some have argued that oral cholera vaccination (OCV) might result in reduced hygiene practice among recipients. We evaluated the impact of an OCV campaign on knowledge and health practice in rural Haiti.

METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We administered baseline surveys on knowledge and practice relevant to cholera and waterborne disease to every 10th household during a census in rural Haiti in February 2012 (N = 811). An OCV campaign occurred from May-June 2012 after …

Design, Implementation, And Evaluation Of A Bronchiolitis Clinical Pathway, Suzanne E. Zentz

Suzanne E Zentz, DNP, RN, CNE

Bronchiolitis is the most frequent cause of hospitalization in the infant population. The management of these hospitalized children varies widely and the efficacy of many routinely implemented diagnostics and therapies is not supported by evidence (Christakis et al., 2005). The purpose of this evidence-based practice project was to determine if designing, implementing, and evaluating a clinical pathway for infants and children with bronchiolitis would affect length of stay and bronchodilator,glucocorticoid, antibiotic, and CPT usage. The Iowa model of evidence-based practice to promote quality care was used as a framework to guide the project at a 227 bed non-profit facility in …

In Vitro Fertilization Is Associated With An Increase In Major Birth Defects, C. Olson, K. Keppler-Noreuil, P. Romitti, W. Budelier, Ginny Ryan, Amy Sparks, Bradley Van Voorhis

Amy E.T. Sparks

OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of major birth defects in cohorts of children conceived through IVF or through IUI as compared with naturally conceived children. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Academic medical center. PATIENT(S): Children conceived by IVF or IUI at the University of Iowa from 1989 through 2002, compared with a matched cohort of naturally conceived children. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Outcome data were obtained from Iowa state birth and fetal death certificates and from the Iowa Birth Defects Registry. RESULT(S): Ninety of 1,462 IVF-conceived children (6.2%) and 17 of 343 IUI-conceived children (5.0%) had a major birth …