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Articles 31 - 60 of 83
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Social Support, Coping, And Medication Adherence Among Hiv-Positive Women With Depression Living In Rural Areas Of The Southeastern United States, Kenneth D. Phillips
Social Support, Coping, And Medication Adherence Among Hiv-Positive Women With Depression Living In Rural Areas Of The Southeastern United States, Kenneth D. Phillips
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
No abstract provided.
Counteracting Muscle Wasting In Hiv-Infected Individuals, Kenneth D. Phillips
Counteracting Muscle Wasting In Hiv-Infected Individuals, Kenneth D. Phillips
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
No abstract provided.
Spiritual Well-Being, Sleep Disturbance And Mental And Physical Health Status In Hiv-Infected Individuals, Kenneth D. Phillips
Spiritual Well-Being, Sleep Disturbance And Mental And Physical Health Status In Hiv-Infected Individuals, Kenneth D. Phillips
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
No abstract provided.
Alcohol And Other Drug Disorders, Comorbidity And Violence In Rural African American Women, Kenneth D. Phillips
Alcohol And Other Drug Disorders, Comorbidity And Violence In Rural African American Women, Kenneth D. Phillips
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
No abstract provided.
Inflammatory And Immune System Correlates Of Rape, M.W. Groer, Sandra Thomas, G.W. Evans, S. Helton
Inflammatory And Immune System Correlates Of Rape, M.W. Groer, Sandra Thomas, G.W. Evans, S. Helton
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of measuring stress hormones and immunity following rape. The long-term goal is to evaluate the predictive value of stress-immune-inflammatory responses to later health outcomes. Fifteen women reporting rape were compared with 16 control participants. Serum stress hormones, proinflammatory cytokines, acute phase proteins, functional assays, and lymphocyte subsets were measured in blood samples. Women reporting rape had higher cytotoxic cells, lower B lymphocyte counts, higher proinflammatory biomarkers, and decreased lymphocyte proliferation compared to the control group. This finding suggests that rape produces activation of the innate immunity and suppression of some …
Nurses' Narratives Of Unforgettable Patient Care Events, M.E. Gunther, Sandra Thomas
Nurses' Narratives Of Unforgettable Patient Care Events, M.E. Gunther, Sandra Thomas
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
Purpose: To explore the experience of registered nurses (RNs) caring for patients in contemporary hospitals. Design: The descriptive phenomenological study was based in the philosophical perspectives of Husserl and Merleau-Ponty. Methods: A purposive sample of 46 RNs employed in acute care hospitals in the southeastern United States (US) were recruited by network sampling. Data from unstructured interviews were analyzed in an interpretive group and themes were identified. Findings: Four themes were identified: (a) extraordinary caregiving events, (b) incomprehensibility, (c) questioning whether anything else could have been done, and (d) “alone or together,” indicating the isolation nurses often experience while giving …
Predictors Of Quality Of Life In Hiv-Infected Rural Women: Psychometric Test Of The Chronic Illness Quality Of Life Ladder, C. Murdaugh, L. Moneyham, K. Jackson, Kenneth D. Phillips, A. Tavakoli
Predictors Of Quality Of Life In Hiv-Infected Rural Women: Psychometric Test Of The Chronic Illness Quality Of Life Ladder, C. Murdaugh, L. Moneyham, K. Jackson, Kenneth D. Phillips, A. Tavakoli
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
The Chronic Illness Quality of Life Ladder (CIQOLL) underwent psychometric testing in a sample of 278 women with HIV disease. The CIQOLL, a self-anchoring striving scale based on Cantril’s Ladder, measures seven domains (physical , emotional, financial, family and friends, spiritual well-being, peace of mind, and overall life satisfaction) across four time periods (present, past, future, life without a diagnosis of HIV). The domains were derived from focus groups with persons with HIV disease. Women with a diagnosis of HIV Infection, age 18 or older, residing in rural areas in the southeastern United States, completed questionnaires that measured physical functioning, …
Talking It Over With The Gals: An Analysis Of Editorials By Phyllis Stern, Sandra Thomas
Talking It Over With The Gals: An Analysis Of Editorials By Phyllis Stern, Sandra Thomas
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
Editorials written by a journal editor proved a glimpse of that individual's philosophy and opinions about topical events. The purpose of the present project was to analyze the editorials of Phyllis Noerager Stern during the years that she served as editor-in-chief of Health Care for Women International (1983-2001). Using ethnographic content analysis, 65 editorials were examined to ascertain: (1) what event triggered the editorial; (2) what aim or objective could be identified; and (3) what rhetorical devices the editor employed. Personal narratives and editorials about the abuse/exploitation of women made up the largest categories. Stern's grounded theory orientation, fascination with …
Disaster And Emergency Communications Prior To Computers/Internet: A Review, John W. Farnham
Disaster And Emergency Communications Prior To Computers/Internet: A Review, John W. Farnham
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
When communications are needed the most desperately and most urgently, the difficulty of effecting the desired communications increases exponentially. Recent natural disasters in different parts of the world have provided eloquent testament to this. The history of disaster or emergency communications can provide us with a foundation for understanding the problems encountered today, and can offer us insight into how we might improve the systems and processes for communications. The first applications of communication technology that allowed messages to be sent more rapidly than the fastest form of transportation were mainly military in origin. This review takes us from the …
Through The Lens Of Merleau-Ponty:Advancing The Phenomenological Approach To Nursing Research, Sandra Thomas
Through The Lens Of Merleau-Ponty:Advancing The Phenomenological Approach To Nursing Research, Sandra Thomas
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
No abstract provided.
Patterns Of Risk Of Depressive Symptoms Among Hiv-Positive Women In The Southeastern United States, Linda Moneyham, Carolyn Murdaugh, Kenneth D. Phillips, Kirby Jackson, Abbas Tavakoli, Mary Boyd, Medha Vyavaharkar
Patterns Of Risk Of Depressive Symptoms Among Hiv-Positive Women In The Southeastern United States, Linda Moneyham, Carolyn Murdaugh, Kenneth D. Phillips, Kirby Jackson, Abbas Tavakoli, Mary Boyd, Medha Vyavaharkar
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
Depressive symptoms are a common response to HIV disease, and women appear to be at particularly high risk. The authors report results from a crosssectional analysis of data collected from 280 rural women with HIV/AIDS in the Southeastern United States aimed at identifying risk factors of depressive symptoms. Stress theory provided a framework for identification of potential risk factors. Descriptive statistics, measures of association, and regression analyses were used to systematically identify patterns of risk. The final regression model included 22 factors that accounted for 69% of the variance in depressive symptoms. The majority of variance in depressive symptoms was …
An Exploration Of Problematic Interviewee Behaviors In Qualitative Research, M. Collins, M. Shattell, Sandra Thomas
An Exploration Of Problematic Interviewee Behaviors In Qualitative Research, M. Collins, M. Shattell, Sandra Thomas
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
The interview is a staple of many qualitative approaches. Although textbooks offer extensive guidance to researchers about conducting interviews, less guidance is available about problematic interviewee behaviors, such as flattery or statements indicative of social desirability response bias. In this study, a secondary analysis of 22 phenomenological interview transcripts, we sought to examine problematic interviewee behaviors. More than 300 pages of typed text were subjected to line-by-line scrutiny, yielding only six potential instances of the phenomenon. Each could be interpreted several ways. What appeared to be flattery could also be perceived as simple gratitude or appreciation. We concluded that problematic …
Women's Anger, Agression, And Violence, Sandra Thomas
Women's Anger, Agression, And Violence, Sandra Thomas
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
Themes of powerlessness, power, and paradox predominate in this reflection on more than 15 years of research on women's anger. Studies conducted in the United States, France, and Turkey are highlighted. These studies have negated several myths while illuminating the general rationality of women's anger: It is squarely grounded in interpersonal interactions in which people deny women power or resources, treat them unjustly, or behave irresponsibly toward them. The offenders are not strangers; rather they are their closest intimates. But few women learned healthy anger expression while growing up. Anger is a confusing and distressing emotion for women, intermingled with …
Stress Reduction As A Means To Enhance Oral Immunity In Hiv-Infected Individuals, Kenneth D. Phillips
Stress Reduction As A Means To Enhance Oral Immunity In Hiv-Infected Individuals, Kenneth D. Phillips
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
No abstract provided.
Physical Activity And Immunity In Hiv-Infected Individuals, C.M. Bopp, Kenneth D. Phillips, L.J. Fulk, W.D. Dudgeon, R.L. Sowell
Physical Activity And Immunity In Hiv-Infected Individuals, C.M. Bopp, Kenneth D. Phillips, L.J. Fulk, W.D. Dudgeon, R.L. Sowell
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
The purpose of this study was to determine what relationship exists among physical activity levels and viral load and CD4+ cell count in HIV-infected individuals. Increased viral load is associated with disease progression and symptom severity. A convenience sample of 66 male and female subjects between the ages of 18 and 64 years of age (mean 399/8) was recruited from a hospital-based HIV/AIDS clinic. Components of PA were assessed for three continuous days using a mini-motion logger wrist actigraph. These components included mean PA level, and PA index and acceleration index. Pearson’s correlational analysis was used to test the strength …
Psychological And Physiological Correlates Of Sleep In Hiv Infection, Jennifer L. Robbins, Kenneth D. Phillips, Wesley D. Dudgeon, Gregory A. Hand
Psychological And Physiological Correlates Of Sleep In Hiv Infection, Jennifer L. Robbins, Kenneth D. Phillips, Wesley D. Dudgeon, Gregory A. Hand
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
Insomnia, a common problem associated with HIV disease, is most likely caused by a multitude of factors. This study investigated the correlations between a selected group of physiological and psychological factors and sleep quality in an HIV-infected population. A convenience sample of 79 ethnically diverse HIVpositive adults, ages 24 to 63, completed a number of questionnaires and released their laboratory records for CD4+ cell count and viral load information. Variables significantly related to sleep quality were HIV-related symptoms, total pain, fatigue, depression, state anxiety, and the number of adults in the household. Findings support the need for health care providers …
"A Fly In The Buttermilk:" Descriptions Of University Life By Successful Black Undergraduate Students At A Predominately White Southeastern University, M. Davis, Y. Dias-Bowie, K. Greenberg, G. Klukken, H.R. Pollio, Sandra Thomas, C.L. Thompson
"A Fly In The Buttermilk:" Descriptions Of University Life By Successful Black Undergraduate Students At A Predominately White Southeastern University, M. Davis, Y. Dias-Bowie, K. Greenberg, G. Klukken, H.R. Pollio, Sandra Thomas, C.L. Thompson
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
Although many predominantly white universities exert great effort to recruit minority students, statistics regarding retention and graduation for these students are disturbing. Previous research indicates that academic concerns are not paramount in the attrition of minority students, suggesting that greater attention must be given educational experiences of black students over and above academic matters. Using in-depth phenomenological interviewing, 11 graduating seniors from diverse majors were asked to describe salient incidents of their university experience. These interviews were transcribed verbatim and subjected to hermeneutic interpretation by an interdisciplinary research group. Dominant in student descriptions of their experiences were five themes: (1) …
Physiological And Psychological Correlates Of Fatigue In Hiv/Aids, Kenneth D. Phillips, R.L. Sowell, M. Rojas, A. Tavakoli
Physiological And Psychological Correlates Of Fatigue In Hiv/Aids, Kenneth D. Phillips, R.L. Sowell, M. Rojas, A. Tavakoli
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
Fatigue is a frequent symptom reported by persons living with HIV disease and one that affects all aspects of quality of life. To improve quality of care of persons with HIV disease, it is important to address all factors that contribute to fatigue. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations of physiological, psychological, and sociological factors with fatigue in an HIV-infected population. With Piper’s integrated fatigue model guiding selection, factors examined in this study were hemoglobin, hematocrit, CD4+ cell count, HIV-RNA viral load, total sleep time, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, HIV-related symptoms, anxiety, depression, and perceived stress. …
The Interaction Model Of Client Health Behavior As A Conceptual Guide In The Explanation Of Children's Health Behaviors, C.H. Robinson, Sandra Thomas
The Interaction Model Of Client Health Behavior As A Conceptual Guide In The Explanation Of Children's Health Behaviors, C.H. Robinson, Sandra Thomas
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
This study used the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior (IMCHB) as a conceptual guide to explain the correlates of children's diet and physical activity and explore the relationships of sex with their diet and physical activity of the school-aged child. A descriptive correlational study was conducted on 371 fifth-grade students and their parents. Information on the family's demographics, health experience, social influence, and environmental resources was collected, as well as data on the children's intrinsic motivation, cognitive appraisal, and affective response to food/physical activity. Children's self-reports on diet and physical activity were collected, as were parents' self-reports on health …
School Connectedness, Anger Behaviors, And Relationships Of Violent And Nonviolent Youth, Sandra Thomas, H. Smith
School Connectedness, Anger Behaviors, And Relationships Of Violent And Nonviolent Youth, Sandra Thomas, H. Smith
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
PROBLEM: Youth violence research often focuses on risk factors arising from early familial interactions rather than school-related factors. METHODS: Via an Internet questionnaire, 282 girls and boys (ages 7-19, mean 15.3) from 47 states and Washington, DC, reported on school connectedness, interpersonal relationships, and anger behaviors. FINDINGS: Substantial percentages of violent youth did not perceive themselves to be liked by classmates and reported loneliness. If not liked by classmates, 80% hated school. Likers and haters of school differed on seven variables (all p < or = .01). CONCLUSIONS: Insufficient attention is paid to the alienation experienced by disliked and lonely students. Mental health nurses could play a pivotal role in fostering change in the social climate of schools and helping youth to achieve better anger management and social skills.
Men's Health And Psychosocial Issues Affecting Men, Sandra Thomas
Men's Health And Psychosocial Issues Affecting Men, Sandra Thomas
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
Contemporary scholars are calling on men to rethink "the male deal." As Samuels describes it, "In the male deal, the little boy, at around the age of 3 or 4. strikes a bargain with the social world in which he lives. If he will turn away from soft things, feminine things, maternal things...then the world will reward his gender certainty by giving him all the goodies in its possession." But the "deal" can have damaging effects, as shown in the studies reviewed in this article. Clinicians can help men to rethink the restrictions of the "male deal" so that they …
Physiological And Psychological Effects Of Exercise Interventions In Hiv Disease, Kenneth D. Phillips
Physiological And Psychological Effects Of Exercise Interventions In Hiv Disease, Kenneth D. Phillips
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
No abstract provided.
Clinical Implications Of Therapeutic Exercise In Hiv/Aids, C. Bopp, Kenneth D. Phillips, L.J. Fulk, G.A. Hand
Clinical Implications Of Therapeutic Exercise In Hiv/Aids, C. Bopp, Kenneth D. Phillips, L.J. Fulk, G.A. Hand
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
No abstract provided.
Disclosure Of Hiv Infection: How Do Women Decide To Tell?, R.L. Sowell, B.F. Seals, Kenneth D. Phillips, C.H. Julious
Disclosure Of Hiv Infection: How Do Women Decide To Tell?, R.L. Sowell, B.F. Seals, Kenneth D. Phillips, C.H. Julious
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
This descriptive study explores the phenomenon of disclosure of HIV infection by women. Specifically, we examined women’s level of disclosure to various groups and how these disclosure decisions are made. The sample consisted of 322 HIV-infected women residing in the southern US. Participants were predominantly African-American, single women of reproductive age with yearly incomes less than $10 000. Data were collected at the first interview of a longitudinal study of reproductive decision making. Findings showed that the majority of the women had disclosed to some sex partners, close family and friends, and health care professionals. However, for a group of …
Men's Anger: A Phenomenological Exploration Of Its Meaning In A Middle Class Sample Of American Men, Sandra Thomas
Men's Anger: A Phenomenological Exploration Of Its Meaning In A Middle Class Sample Of American Men, Sandra Thomas
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
This study explored the meaning of men's anger, using the methodology of eidetic (descriptive) phenomenology. A community sample of 19 middle-class American men, ranging in age from 20 to 50 years, participated in audiotaped interviews. Two prominent themes, right versus wrong and being controlled versus having control, were contextualized by the world in which masculinity has been socially constructed and emotion is regulated accordingly. Interwoven throughout anger narratives were descriptors of the intense physical arousal felt within the body. Time was an important contextual ground for men's anger experience, with sharp contrasts drawn between anger then and now. Findings suggest …
"None Of Us Will Ever Be The Same Again:" Reactions Of American Midlife Women To 9/11, Sandra Thomas
"None Of Us Will Ever Be The Same Again:" Reactions Of American Midlife Women To 9/11, Sandra Thomas
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
According to terror management theory (TMT), an event that heightens awareness of death produces the need to defend against existential anxiety. The horrifying events of September 11, 2001 (9/11), created an unparalleled opportunity to apply TMT beyond the laboratory. This study examined post-9/11 stress (via perceived stress scale [PSS] scores) and interview responses of a diverse community sample of American midlife women (ages 35-60). Previous studies showed that many women have high stress during midlife, suggesting that 9/11 could have a unique impact on this segment of the U.S. population. Education of the sample ranged from 12 to 23 years. …
Testing A Theory Of Decision Making Derived From King's Systems Framework In Women Eligible For A Cancer Clinical Trial, H.E. Ehrenberger, M.R. Alligood, Sandra Thomas, D.C. Wallace, C.M. Licavoli
Testing A Theory Of Decision Making Derived From King's Systems Framework In Women Eligible For A Cancer Clinical Trial, H.E. Ehrenberger, M.R. Alligood, Sandra Thomas, D.C. Wallace, C.M. Licavoli
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
The purpose of this study was to test an explanatory theory of decision-making in women eligible for a cancer clinical trial. The theory derived from King’s framework proposed that the concepts of uncertainty, role functioning, and social support relate to emotional health (hope and mood state), which in turn relates to the treatment decision. A correlational study design was used to test the theory in a sample of 40 women. Findings provided empirical evidence of the adequacy of King’s framework and supported, in part, theorized relationships among the critical factors. However, these factors did not illuminate the treatment decision.
Differentiation And Treatment Of Anemia In Hiv Disease, Kenneth D. Phillips, M Groer
Differentiation And Treatment Of Anemia In Hiv Disease, Kenneth D. Phillips, M Groer
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
Anemia is a frequent complication of HIV disease that contributes to decreased quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality. The three major categories of anemia in HIV disease are anemia due to impaired red blood cell production, anemia due to increased red blood cell destruction, and anemia due to increased red blood cell loss. Although anemia of chronic illness is the most common type of anemia in HIV disease, other classifications of anemia may be encountered. Understanding the pathophysiology of anemia and laboratory tests that are frequently used to establish the differential diagnosis of anemia helps to ensure that …
What's Therapeutic About The Therapeutic Milieu?, Sandra Thomas, M. Shattell, T. Martin
What's Therapeutic About The Therapeutic Milieu?, Sandra Thomas, M. Shattell, T. Martin
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
While the milieu of an inpatient facility is considered a treatment modality, extant literature focuses on the staff's role in creating the milieu rather than the patient's perception of it. Not since Goffman's Asylums (1961) has there been an in-depth examination of the phenomenal world of the hospitalized psychiatric patient. In this study, eight inpatients (ages 23 to 58) on the acute psychiatric unit of a metropolitan general hospital participated in phenomenological interviews about their experience of the environment. The essential meaning of the hospital was refuge from self-destructiveness. Prominent aspects of patients' experience within the place of refuge were …
A Phenomenological Study Of The Experience Of The Spouse Of A Heart Transplant Recipient, A.H. Mccurry, Sandra Thomas
A Phenomenological Study Of The Experience Of The Spouse Of A Heart Transplant Recipient, A.H. Mccurry, Sandra Thomas
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing
In this phenomenological study, in-depth interviews were used to obtain a description of spouses’ experiences in heart transplantation. Thematic analysis of the transcripts revealed four major, interrelated themes: death-life, vigilance, change, and gift. The experience was contextualized by the existential grounds of time and other people. Findings suggested that the changes inherent in the transplant experience have not been fully described in previous studies. The theme of death-life was dominant and pervasive in all interviews. As the threat of their husbands’ deaths became less prominent, wives reported difficulty letting go of their vigilance. Although the most outstanding gift was that …