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Neurology

Selected Works

2016

Articles 1 - 5 of 5

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

A New Sv2a Ligand For Epilepsy, Michael A. Rogawski Oct 2016

A New Sv2a Ligand For Epilepsy, Michael A. Rogawski

Michael A. Rogawski

Since the 1970s, racetams have been in use as cognitive enhancers. Levetiracetam was discovered to have antiseizure activity in animal models and was then found to bind to SV2A in synaptic and endocrine vesicles. Brivaracetam, an analog of levetiracetam, was identified in a medicinal chemistry campaign with the objective of discovering analogs with higher affinity at racetam-binding sites and greater antiseizure potency.

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A New Treatment For Psychosis In Parkinson’S Disease, Kevin J. Black Jul 2016

A New Treatment For Psychosis In Parkinson’S Disease, Kevin J. Black

Kevin J. Black, MD

This is an update on treatment of hallucinations and delusions in Parkinson disease, including the recently approved Nuplazid™ (pimavanserin).

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Brain Structure In Pediatric Tourette Syndrome, Alton C. Williams, Kevin J. Black May 2016

Brain Structure In Pediatric Tourette Syndrome, Alton C. Williams, Kevin J. Black

Kevin J. Black, MD

Previous studies of brain structure in Tourette syndrome (TS) have produced mixed results, and most had modest sample sizes. In the present multi-center study, we used structural MRI to compare 103 children and adolescents with TS to a well-matched group of 103 children without tics. We applied voxel-based morphometry methods to test gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume differences between diagnostic groups, accounting for MRI scanner and sequence, age, sex and total GM + WM volume. The TS group demonstrated greater GM volume in posterior thalamus, hypothalamus and midbrain, and lower WM volume bilaterally in orbital and medial …

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A Digital Atlas Of The Dog Brain, Ritobrato Datta, Jongho Lee, Jeffrey Duda, Brian B. Avants, Charles H. Vite, Ben Tseng, Jim C. Gee, Gustavo D. Aguirre, Geoffrey K. Aguirre Feb 2016

A Digital Atlas Of The Dog Brain, Ritobrato Datta, Jongho Lee, Jeffrey Duda, Brian B. Avants, Charles H. Vite, Ben Tseng, Jim C. Gee, Gustavo D. Aguirre, Geoffrey K. Aguirre

Gustavo D. Aguirre, VMD, PhD

There is a long history and a growing interest in the canine as a subject of study in neuroscience research and in translational neurology. In the last few years, anatomical and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of awake and anesthetized dogs have been reported. Such efforts can be enhanced by a population atlas of canine brain anatomy to implement group analyses. Here we present a canine brain atlas derived as the diffeomorphic average of a population of fifteen mesaticephalic dogs. The atlas includes: 1) A brain template derived from in-vivo, T1-weighted imaging at 1 mm isotropic resolution at 3 …

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Mechanisms Of Action Of Antiseizure Drugs And The Ketogenic Diet., Michael Rogawski, Jong Rho, Wolfgang Löscher Dec 2015

Mechanisms Of Action Of Antiseizure Drugs And The Ketogenic Diet., Michael Rogawski, Jong Rho, Wolfgang Löscher

Michael A. Rogawski

Antiseizure drugs (ASDs), also termed antiepileptic drugs, are the main form of symptomatic treatment for people with epilepsy, but not all patients become free of seizures. The ketogenic diet is one treatment option for drug-resistant patients. Both types of therapy exert their clinical effects through interactions with one or more of a diverse set of molecular targets in the brain. ASDs act by modulation of voltage-gated ion channels, including sodium, calcium, and potassium channels; by enhancement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition through effects on GABA-A receptors, the GABA transporter 1 (GAT1) GABA uptake transporter, or GABA transaminase; through interactions with …

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