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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
The Impact Of Pegylation On Cellular Uptake And In Vivo Biodistribution Of Gold Nanoparticle Mri Contrast Agents., Nagwa El-Baz
The Impact Of Pegylation On Cellular Uptake And In Vivo Biodistribution Of Gold Nanoparticle Mri Contrast Agents., Nagwa El-Baz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have become a pivotal platform for the delivery of pharmaceutical and diagnostic agents as well as for general therapeutic purposes. Despite their potential for use in biomedicine, their interaction with serum proteins is crucial as it could change their biological profile due to the formation of a protein corona, which can affect their delivery to target tissues in the body. Grafting the GNPs with polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used in research to decrease opsonization of the particles by serum proteins and decrease the uptake by the reticuloendothelial system. Here in this dissertation, we have developed a …
Quality By Design Based Optimization Of Anti-Inflammatory Nanoemulgels For Local Treatment Of Burn Wounds, Leah Dickey
Quality By Design Based Optimization Of Anti-Inflammatory Nanoemulgels For Local Treatment Of Burn Wounds, Leah Dickey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Burns are some of the most traumatizing and damaging skin injuries, with the potential of causing extensive internal damage that increases the risk of chronic wound development. Oral and topical analgesics in combination with antibiotics can provide temporary relief and improve wound healing progress for both mild and severe burns. However, recurrent systemic exposure to pain relievers and antibiotics has been associated with adverse side effects including nausea, drowsiness, abdominal pain, etc., and increased risk of new infections or even ulcers. Local and targeted drug delivery systems, such as nanomedicine, have gained attention as potentially more effective alternatives to improve …
Machine Learning Applied To Colloidal Properties Of Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsions For Imaging In Ards/Ali, Marco Hosfeld
Machine Learning Applied To Colloidal Properties Of Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsions For Imaging In Ards/Ali, Marco Hosfeld
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Acute Respiratory distress Syndrome (ARDS) and Acute Lung Injury (ALI) are inflammatory lung pathologies consisting of non-hydrostatic pulmonary edema leading to hypoxia and impaired gas exchange in the lungs. ARDS/ALI is both difficult to study and treat as it is not in itself a specific pathology but rather a syndrome consisting of many pathologies that vary case by case. It is, however, consistently characterized by an explosive acute inflammatory response in the lung parenchyma leading to hypoxia. Although time has seen to an increase in the understanding of ARDS/ALI, the mortality rate remains in the range of 30-50%. For these …
Design, Synthesis And Applications Of Nanoparticles In Suppression Of Mosquito-Born Flaviviridae Viruses, Maria R. Blahove
Design, Synthesis And Applications Of Nanoparticles In Suppression Of Mosquito-Born Flaviviridae Viruses, Maria R. Blahove
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recently, nanoparticles have become an origin of exploration in the chemistry field due to their unique medical uses. The current drug delivery models of nanoparticles often include a metal base with a drug conjugated to its surface. However this raises concerns regarding toxicity. A novel approach to solving this dilemma is the development of nanosized biocompatible polymer-based micelles, created from PEG-PCL-PEG triblock polymer, and formed around a drug of choice. The goal is to create a drug carrier nanoparticle system that is labile at a specific intracellular pH, without undue toxicity to the cell. This creates a drug-loaded nanoparticle that …
Electrospun Fibers And Nanoparticles For The Prevention Of Sexually Transmitted Infections., Kevin Michael Tyo
Electrospun Fibers And Nanoparticles For The Prevention Of Sexually Transmitted Infections., Kevin Michael Tyo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide, with women disproportionately impacted by these infections. Currently, only oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is approved specifically for the prevention of HIV-1, but is challenged with adverse side effects associated with long-term use. Topical delivery platforms, such as gels and films, deliver agents directly to the female reproductive tract, but are limited in providing transient-release. The technology of polymeric electrospun fibers may serve as alternative topical delivery platform to the female reproductive tract. In these studies, we fabricated electrospun fibers comprised of different polymers …
Fabrication Of Polyelectrolyte Nanoparticles Through Hydrophobic Interaction, Ruginn Porce Catarata
Fabrication Of Polyelectrolyte Nanoparticles Through Hydrophobic Interaction, Ruginn Porce Catarata
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Anticancer drugs like gemcitabine (GEM) are used to treat cancers such as, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the use of free gemcitabine yields challenges including cytotoxicity to healthy cells and poor circulation time. By encapsulating GEM in nanoparticles these challenges can be overcome. In this study poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)-GEM nanoparticles are fabricated by coupling GEM onto PAA. The particle formation is driven by the hydrophobic interaction of GEM, which collects in the core of the nanoparticle, forming a PAA shell. The nanoparticles were optimized by studying the PAA/GEM ratio and pH during fabrication. Characteristics of the nanoparticles including size, morphology …
Development Of 3d Printed And 3d Metal-Based Micro/Nanofabricated, And Nano-Functionalized, Microelectrode Array (Mea) Biosensors For Flexible, Conformable, And In Vitro Applications, Charles Didier
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Emerging fields such as "Organs on a Chip", disease modeling in vitro, stem cell manufacturing and wearable bioelectronics are demanding rapid development of 3D Microelectrode Arrays (MEAs) for electrical interfacing with biological constructs. The work reported in this thesis focuses on two developmental tracks: "Dynamic 3D MEAs" and metal microfabrication for 3D MEAs. In the first part of the thesis, we explore the capabilities and limitations of 3D printed microserpentines (µserpentines) and utilize these structures to develop dynamic 3D microelectrodes. Analytical modeling of µserpentines flexibility followed by integration into a flexible Kapton® package and PDMS insulation are demonstrated. These 3D …
Nutritional Transporter Mediated Drug Delivery For Cancer, Siddharth S. Kesharwani
Nutritional Transporter Mediated Drug Delivery For Cancer, Siddharth S. Kesharwani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recent advancements in nanotechnology have unfolded novel opportunities in medicine, especially in targeted therapeutics and imaging for cancer. However, the majority of the existing nanotechnologies for cancer suffer from shortcomings such as (i) rapid elimination from the systemic circulation before reaching the cancer tissue. (ii) poor tumor accumulation, targeting, and penetration due to inadequate vasculature and extensive extracellular matrix in the tumor. Thus, overcoming these two limitations of nanotechnology is of considerable interests for cancer researchers. In this dissertation, we demonstrate the feasibility of glucose-modified nanoparticles (GLU-NPs) as an efficient cancer targeted-delivery system for enhancing the systemic circulation time and …
Evaluating The Effects Of Antibody-Conjugated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes In Combination With Microwave Irradiation, Amy Chall
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cancer remains one of the largest public health concerns of our day, particularly in developed countries where technological advances have allowed populations to live well into their eighth decade. In America, those in their 80’s have a 1 in 2 chance of developing cancer in their lifetime. Prostate cancer, specifically is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in males. Traditional cancer therapies cause high levels of toxicity to the patient due to mechanisms of action that often attack cancer cells and healthy cells alike. The holy grail of cancer research is to find a treatment that targets the cancer …
A Cancer-Targeted Gold Nanoparticle-Based Mri Contrast Agent., Nagwa El-Baz
A Cancer-Targeted Gold Nanoparticle-Based Mri Contrast Agent., Nagwa El-Baz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In oncology, imaging plays a major role in terms of early detection and treatment of most types of cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is mostly used for cancer diagnosis due to its excellent contrast resolution. However, MRI for cancer diagnosis is somewhat limited by its sensitivity. In this thesis, we assessed the ability of theranostic platform consisting of gold nanoparticles functionalized with a cancer targeting aptamer; AS1411 and gadolinium chelate (Dotarem thiol derivative; Gd (III)-DO3A) as a MRI contrast agent to target malignant tumors by enhancing the MRI contrast of the detected tumor. The proposed technology is a novel injectable …
Evaluation Of Drug-Loaded Gold Nanoparticle Cytotoxicity As A Function Of Tumor Tissue Heterogeneity., Hunter Allan Miller
Evaluation Of Drug-Loaded Gold Nanoparticle Cytotoxicity As A Function Of Tumor Tissue Heterogeneity., Hunter Allan Miller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The inherent heterogeneity of tumor tissue presents a major challenge to nanoparticle-medicated drug delivery. This heterogeneity spans from the molecular to the cellular (cell types) and to the tissue (vasculature, extra-cellular matrix) scales. Here we employ computational modeling to evaluate therapeutic response as a function of vascular-induced tumor tissue heterogeneity. Using data with three-layered gold nanoparticles loaded with cisplatin, nanotherapy is simulated with different levels of tissue heterogeneity, and the treatment response is measured in terms of tumor regression. The results show that tumor vascular density non-trivially influences the nanoparticle uptake and washout, and the associated tissue response. The drug …
Mechanism Of Interaction Of Peptide Modified Nanoparticles With Porphyromonas Gingivalis., Ankita Jain
Mechanism Of Interaction Of Peptide Modified Nanoparticles With Porphyromonas Gingivalis., Ankita Jain
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Studies suggest that P. gingivalis functions as a keystone pathogen and interacts with primary colonizers in the supragingival biofilm such as S. gordonii. This interaction contributes to the initial colonization of the oral cavity by P. gingivalis and thus represents a potential target for therapeutic intervention. We have identified a peptide (BAR) derived from the streptococcal SspB protein that functions to inhibit P. gingivalis adherence to S. gordonii. In addition, we showed that nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with BAR inhibit this interaction more potently than free soluble peptide, possibly by promoting interaction with P. gingivalis at higher valency than …
An Investigation Into Formulation And Therapeutic Effectiveness Of Nanoparticle Drug Delivery For Select Pharmaceutical Agents, Dustin Cooper
An Investigation Into Formulation And Therapeutic Effectiveness Of Nanoparticle Drug Delivery For Select Pharmaceutical Agents, Dustin Cooper
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Drug based nanoparticle (NP) formulations have gained considerable attention over the past decade for their use in various drug delivery systems. NPs have been shown to increase bioavailability, decrease side effects of highly toxic drugs, and prolong drug release. Furthermore, polymer based, biodegradable nanodelivery has become increasing popular in the field of NP formulation because of their high degree of compatibility and low rate of toxicity. Due to their popularity, commercially available polymers such as poly lactic acid (PLA), poly glycolic acid (PGA) and polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) are commonly used in the development and design of new nano based delivery …
Synthesis And Functional Evaluation Of Peptide Modified Poly (Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles To Inhibit Porphyromonas Gingivalis Biofilm Formation., Paridhi Kalia
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Periodontal disease is an oral inflammatory disorder that afflicts roughly 46% of the adults in the U.S. Currently, treatment of periodontal disease involves the removal of plaque from the gingival pocket (with possible antibiotic treatment) and if necessary, gingival surgery. To our knowledge, no therapeutic approach exists that promotes host-biofilm homeostasis by limiting pathogen recolonization of the oral cavity after prophylaxis or treatment. The interaction of the pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis with commensal streptococci is critical for initiation of periodontitis and represents a target for limiting P. gingivalis colonization of the oral cavity. Previous studies showed that a synthetic peptide …