Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Developing An Interprofessional Community Psychiatry Rotation Using An Assertive Community Treatment Team Model: A Preliminary Evaluation, Ruth Frydman

Journal of Maine Medical Center

Introduction: There is a shortage of psychiatric providers trained to work in community settings with people with serious mental illness (SMI) and associated comorbidities. We designed an innovative psychiatry rotation and curriculum for psychiatry residents and other learners.

Methods: The rotation incorporates working with our Assertive Community Treatment team and includes home visits, assertive outreach, and visits in other community settings. It was designed to improve learners’ confidence in their understanding and skill set for working with and treating people with SMI in the community on an interprofessional (IP) team. This pilot quality improvement project evaluated psychiatry resident responses to …

Effect Of Confusion Assessment Scores On Identifying Delirium In Intensive Care Patients, Kayla Jacobs

Dissertations

Delirium in intensive care unit (ICU) patients can lead to increased length of stay in the hospital, increased risk of complications, increased polypharmacy, family distress and increased rate of mortality (Vasilevskis et al., 2018). Research has shown that addressing modifiable risk factors can improve survival rate by up to 15%, and routine screening for delirium in ICU patients leads to decreased patient anxiety, reduced in-hospital mortality, early recognition, and treatment of delirium (Krewulak et al., 2021 ; Vasilevskis et al., 2018). This quality improvement project used evidence-based intervention to increase accurate documentation of the confusion assessment method in the ICU …

A Time-Motion Study Of Emergency And Hospitalist Physicians In A Community Hospital Setting, Mariko M. Ching, Jennifer Lee, Matthew Beecroft

Journal of Wellness

Introduction: Research has shown that low physician work satisfaction correlates with burnout. Having sufficient time at the patient’s bedside is one element that contributes to work satisfaction. Interruptions, on the other hand, have been implicated as a potential cause of both worker dissatisfaction and clinical error. Better understanding how direct patient care and interruptions affect physician satisfaction may aid in developing future interventions to reduce burnout and improve patient safety.

Methods: We conducted an observational, time-motion study to assess how physicians spend their time and correlated these findings to physician satisfaction. This study was conducted in July 2020 …

Older Adults With A History Of Psychiatric Conditions Experience More Cognitive Decline Than Older Adults Without This History, Maria T. Brown, Miriam Mutambudzi

Population Health Research Brief Series

Having psychiatric conditions (such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder) throughout one’s life can lead to faster rates of cognitive decline as one ages. This data slice explores the associations between psychiatric history and cognitive function among U.S. White, Black, and Hispanic adults ages 65 and older from 1995-2014. Findings demonstrate that having a history of psychiatric problems is related to lower cognitive functioning and a faster rate of cognitive decline for all three groups, but Black and Hispanic adults experience steeper declines compared with White adults.

Who Puts The "Support" In Supportive Housing? The Impact Of Housing Staff On Resident's Well-Being, And The Potential Moderating Role Of Self-Determination, Kenna Estell Dickard

Dissertations and Theses

The provision of residential and community-based services for individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) has become increasingly important following the deinstitutionalization movement. Much of the existing research on supportive housing focuses on housing outcomes rather than exploring how the program helps its residents thrive in the broader community. This study draws upon data collected from 176 people with SMI residing in 16 supportive housing locations in Portland, Oregon. Analyses employed an ecological approach, exploring how housing staff support relates to residents' well-being at three levels of analysis: loneliness (interpersonal level), residential satisfaction (housing and neighborhood level), and sense of community …

Beyond Valence And Arousal: The Role Of Age Of Acquisition In Emotion Word Recognition, Chenggang Wu, Yiwen Shi, Juan Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although the age of acquisition (AoA) effect has been established in numerous studies, how emotion word processing is modulated by AoA, along with affective factors, such as valence and arousal, is not well understood. Hence, the influence of age of acquisition (AoA), valence, and arousal on Chinese emotion word recognition was investigated through two experiments. Experiment 1 (N = 30) adopted a valence judgment task to explore the roles of valence and AoA in emotion word recognition, whereas Experiment 2 (N = 30) used a lexical decision task to examine AoA and arousal effects. A mixed linear effects …

Using Predictive Validity To Compare Associations Between Brain Damage And Behavior, John F Magnotti, Jaclyn S Patterson, Tatiana T Schnur

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lesion-behavior mapping (LBM) provides a statistical map of the association between voxel-wise brain damage and individual differences in behavior. To understand whether two behaviors are mediated by damage to distinct regions, researchers often compare LBM weight outputs by either the Overlap method or the Correlation method. However, these methods lack statistical criteria to determine whether two LBM are distinct versus the same and are disconnected from a major goal of LBMs: predicting behavior from brain damage. Without such criteria, researchers may draw conclusions from numeric differences between LBMs that are irrelevant to predicting behavior. We developed and validated a predictive …

Targeting Gbm With An Oncolytic Picornavirus Svv-001 Alone And In Combination With Fractionated Radiation In A Novel Panel Of Orthotopic Pdx Models, Huiyuan Zhang, Yuchen Du, Lin Qi, Sophie Xiao, Frank K Braun, Mari Kogiso, Yulun Huang, Frank Huang, Aalaa Abdallah, Milagros Suarez, Sekar Karthick, Nabil M Ahmed, Vita S Salsman, Patricia A Baxter, Jack M Su, Daniel J Brat, Paul L Hellenbeck, Wan-Yee Teo, Akash J Patel, Xiao-Nan Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Animal models representing different molecular subtypes of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is desired for developing new therapies. SVV-001 is an oncolytic virus selectively targeting cancer cells. It's capacity of passing through the blood brain barrier makes is an attractive novel approach for GBM.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 23 patient tumor samples were implanted into the brains of NOD/SCID mice (1 × 105 cells/mouse). Tumor histology, gene expression (RNAseq), and growth rate of the developed patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models were compared with the originating patient tumors during serial subtransplantations. Anti-tumor activities of SVV-001 were examined in vivo; and therapeutic efficacy validated …

Evaluating The Generalizability Of Predictive Classifiers Built From Desi Imaging Lipid Data Across Mass Spectrometry Platformsjournal Of The American Society For Mass Spectrometry, Rachel J Dehoog, Monica Lin, Gregory Roman, Roy Martin, James Suliburk, Livia S Eberlin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In this study, we evaluate the generalizability of predictive classifiers built from DESI lipid data for thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy analysis and classification using two high-performance mass spectrometers (time-of-flight and orbitrap) suited with different DESI imaging sources operated by different users. The molecular profiles obtained from thyroid samples with the different platforms presented similar trends, although specific differences in ion abundances were observed. When using a previously published statistical model built to discriminate thyroid cancer from benign thyroid tissues to predict on a new independent data set obtained, agreement for 24 of the 30 samples across the imaging …

Tiam1 Coordinates Synaptic Structural And Functional Plasticity Underpinning The Pathophysiology Of Neuropathic Pain, Lingyong Li, Qin Ru, Yungang Lu, Xing Fang, Guanxing Chen, Ali Bin Saifullah, Changqun Yao, Kimberley F Tolias

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Neuropathic pain is a common, debilitating chronic pain condition caused by damage or a disease affecting the somatosensory nervous system. Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain is critical for developing new therapeutic strategies to treat chronic pain effectively. Tiam1 is a Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that promotes dendritic and synaptic growth during hippocampal development by inducing actin cytoskeletal remodeling. Here, using multiple neuropathic pain animal models, we show that Tiam1 coordinates synaptic structural and functional plasticity in the spinal dorsal horn via actin cytoskeleton reorganization and synaptic NMDAR stabilization and that these actions are essential for the …

A Bayesian Network Approach To Social And Nonsocial Cognition In Schizophrenia: Are Some Domains More Fundamental Than Others?, Samuel J Abplanalp, Junghee Lee, William P Horan, Robert S Kern, David L Penn, Michael F Green

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: Social and nonsocial cognition are defined as distinct yet related constructs. However, the relative independence of individual variables-and whether specific tasks directly depend on performance in other tasks-is still unclear. The current study aimed to answer this question by using a Bayesian network approach to explore directional dependencies among social and nonsocial cognitive domains.

STUDY DESIGN: The study sample comprised 173 participants with schizophrenia (71.7% male; 28.3% female). Participants completed 5 social cognitive tasks and the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery. We estimated Bayesian networks using directed acyclic graph structures to examine directional dependencies among the variables.

STUDY RESULTS: After …

Dynamic Functional Thalamocortical Dysconnectivity In Schizophrenia Correlates To Antipsychotics Response, Mi Yang, Liju Liu, Hongmei Cui, Chijun Deng, Weisen Xiong, Guocheng Zhao, Shulin Du, Thomas R Kosten, Huafu Chen, Zezhi Li, Xiangyang Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Although many studies have showed abnormal thalamocortical networks in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), the dynamic functional thalamocortical connectivity of individuals with SCZ and the effect of antipsychotics on this connectivity have not been investigated. Drug-naïve first-episode individuals with SCZ and healthy controls were recruited. Patients were treated with risperidone for 12 weeks. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired at baseline and week 12. We identified six functional thalamic subdivisions. The sliding window strategy was used to determine the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of each functional thalamic subdivision. Individuals with SCZ displayed decreased or increased dFC variance in different thalamic …

Effects Of Sex And Estrous Cycle On Intravenous Oxycodone Self-Administration And The Reinstatement Of Oxycodone-Seeking Behavior In Rats, Nicole M. Hinds, Ireneusz D. Wojtas, Corinne A. Gallagher, Claire M. Corbett, Daniel F. Manvich

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

The increasing misuse of both prescription and illicit opioids has culminated in a national healthcare crisis in the United States. Oxycodone is among the most widely prescribed and misused opioid pain relievers and has been associated with a high risk for transition to compulsive opioid use. Here, we sought to examine potential sex differences and estrous cycle-dependent effects on the reinforcing efficacy of oxycodone, as well as on stress-induced or cue-induced oxycodone-seeking behavior, using intravenous (IV) oxycodone self-administration and reinstatement procedures. In experiment 1, adult male and female Long-Evans rats were trained to self-administer 0.03 mg/kg/inf oxycodone according to a …

Does Narrative Quality Matter During Implementation Of A School-Based Prevention Intervention? A Test Of Narrative Engagement Theory, Youngju Shin, Michelle Miller-Day, Jonathan Pettigrew, Michael L. Hecht

Communication Faculty Articles and Research

Narratives play a powerful role in sharing meaning and making sense of experiences. Specifically, health narratives convey storylines, characters, and messages about health-related behaviors and provide audiences with models for healthy behaviors, prompting audiences’ health-related reflections and decision-making. Narrative engagement theory (NET) explains how personal narratives can be integrated into interventions to promote health. This study utilizes NET to test direct and indirect effects of teachers’ narrative quality on adolescent outcomes during a school-based substance use prevention intervention that includes narrative pedagogy and an implementation strategy. Observational coding of teacher narratives in video-recorded lessons along with self-report student surveys (N …

Baseline Features And Reasons For Nonparticipation In The Colonoscopy Versus Fecal Immunochemical Test In Reducing Mortality From Colorectal Cancer (Confirm) Study, A Colorectal Cancer Screening Trial, Douglas J Robertson, Jason A Dominitz, Alexander Beed, Kathy D Boardman, Barbara J Del Curto, Peter D Guarino, Thomas F Imperiale, Andrew Lacasse, Meaghan F Larson, Samir Gupta, David Lieberman, Beata Planeta, Aasma Shaukat, Shanaz Sultan, Stacy B Menees, Sameer D Saini, Philip Schoenfeld, Stephan Goebel, Erik C Von Rosenvinge, Gyorgy Baffy, Ildiko Halasz, Marcos C Pedrosa, Lyn Sue Kahng, Riaz Cassim, Katarina B Greer, Margaret F Kinnard, Divya B Bhatt, Kerry B Dunbar, William V Harford, John A Mengshol, Jed E Olson, Swati G Patel, Fadi Antaki, Deborah A Fisher, Brian A Sullivan, Christopher Lenza, Devang N Prajapati, Helen Wong, Rebecca Beyth, John G Lieb, Joseph Manlolo, Fernando V Ona, Rhonda A Cole, Natalia Khalaf, Charles J Kahi, Divyanshoo Rai Kohli, Tarun Rai, Prateek Sharma, Jiannis Anastasiou, Curt Hagedorn, Ronald S Fernando, Christian S Jackson, M Mazen Jamal, Robert H Lee, Farrukh Merchant, Folasade P May, Joseph R Pisegna, Endashaw Omer, Dipendra Parajuli, Adnan Said, Toan D Nguyen, Claudio Ruben Tombazzi, Paul A Feldman, Leslie Jacob, Rachel N Koppelman, Kyle P Lehenbauer, Deepak S Desai, Mohammad F Madhoun, William M Tierney, Minh Q Ho, Heather J Hockman, Christopher Lopez, Emily Carter Paulson, Martin Tobi, Hugo L Pinillos, Michele Young, Nancy C Ho, Ranjan Mascarenhas, Kirrichai Promrat, Pritesh R Mutha, William M Pandak, Tilak Shah, Mitchell Schubert, Frank S Pancotto, Andrew J Gawron, Amelia E Underwood, Samuel B Ho, Priscilla Magno-Pagatzaurtundua, Doris H Toro, Charles H Beymer, Andrew M Kaz, Jill Elwing, Jeffrey A Gill, Susan F Goldsmith, Michael D Yao, Petr Protiva, Heiko Pohl, Tassos Kyriakides

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: The Colonoscopy Versus Fecal Immunochemical Test in Reducing Mortality From Colorectal Cancer (CONFIRM) randomized clinical trial sought to recruit 50 000 adults into a study comparing colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality outcomes after randomization to either an annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or colonoscopy.

OBJECTIVE: To (1) describe study participant characteristics and (2) examine who declined participation because of a preference for colonoscopy or stool testing (ie, fecal occult blood test [FOBT]/FIT) and assess that preference's association with geographic and temporal factors.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study within CONFIRM, which completed enrollment through 46 Department of Veterans Affairs …

Pandemic Response Officers: Integration Between Medical, Public Health, And Higher Education Systems To Expedite Prevention And Response., Anne C Jones, Genevive R Meredith, Donna Leong, Sabine Jamal, Rachel Buckwalter, John D Clarke, Marin Clarkberg, Allan Bishop, Frank Cantone, Claire Espey, Frank Kruppa, Mary George Opperman, Gary A Koretzky

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

CONTEXT: Research and policy studies alike have enumerated population and community health benefits of system integration between medical, public health, and social entities. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic revealed the necessity of a well-trained and adequately staffed public health and medical workforce in order to process SARS-CoV-2 cases and prevent subsequent transmission. Higher education systems, in particular, represented defined populations of exposure and transmission. Opportunities existed for collaboration and task sharing between institutions of higher education and local public health departments to limit spread and impacts.

PROGRAM: This article describes the Pandemic Response Officer (PRO) program at Cornell University, …

Coping Mechanisms During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Lockdown In Metropolitan Johannesburg, South Africa: A Qualitative Study, Nerli Paredes Ruvalcaba, Andrew Wooyoung Kim, Nokubonga Ndaba, Lindile Cele, Someleze Swana, Edna Bosire, Aneesa Moolla

Brain and Mind Institute

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused prolonged stress on numerous fronts. While the acute health impacts of psychosocial stress due to the pandemic are well-documented, less is known about the resources and mechanisms utilized to cope in response to stresses during the pandemic and lockdown.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify and describe the coping mechanisms adults utilized in response to the stressors of the COVID-19 pandemic during the 2020 South African lockdown.

Methods: This study included adults (n=47: 32 female; 14 male; 1 non-binary) from the greater Johannesburg region in South Africa. Interviews …

Strategies For Improving Mental Health And Wellbeing Used By Adults Ageing With Hiv From The Kenyan Coast: A Qualitative Exploration, Peter Mwangala, Ryan G. Wagner, Charles R. Newton, Amina Abubakar

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Background: Physical and mental health problems are common among older adults living with HIV (OALWH). Adaptive coping strategies play a vital role in improving these adults' mental health and well-being despite the deleterious effects of HIV and ageing. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, limited evidence exists on the commonly utilized coping strategies in this population. We explore the coping strategies used by Kenyan OALWH to improve their mental health and wellbeing.

Methods: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted between October and December 2019 with 56 participants: 34 OALWH (53% female), 11 healthcare providers (63% female) and 11 primary caregivers (73% female) in …

A Longitudinal Investigation Of Blood Neurofilament Light Chain Levels In Chronic Cocaine Users, Francesco Bavato, Ann-Kathrin Kexel, Bruno Kluwe-Schiavon, Aleksandra Maceski, Markus R Baumgartner, Erich Seifritz, Jens Kuhle, Boris B Quednow

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The identification of a blood marker of brain pathology that is sensitive to substance-induced neurotoxicity and dynamically responds to longitudinal changes in substance intake would substantially improve clinical monitoring in the field of substance use and addiction. Here, we explored the hypothesis that plasma levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL), a promising marker of neuroaxonal pathology, are elevated in chronic cocaine users and longitudinally associated with changes in cocaine use. Plasma NfL levels were determined using single molecule array (SIMOA) technology at baseline and at a 4-month follow-up. Substance use was subjectively assessed with an extensive interview and objectively measured …

Disparities In The Operative Experience Between Female And Male General Surgery Residents: A Multi-Institutional Study From The Us Rope Consortium, Leah K Winer, Sarah Kader, Jonathan S Abelson, Austin C Hammaker, Chukwuma N Eruchalu, James C Etheridge, Nancy L Cho, Darci C Foote, Felicia A Ivascu, Savannah Smith, Lauren M Postlewait, Kathriena Greenwell, Katherine M Meister, Kelsey B Montgomery, Polina Zmijewski, Samuel E Byrd, Mary K Kimbrough, Stephen J Stopenski, Jeffry T Nahmias, Jalen Harvey, Deborah Farr, Zachary M Callahan, Joshua A Marks, Christopher C Stahl, Motaz Al Yafi, Jeffrey M Sutton, Ali Elsaadi, Samuel J Campbell, Shah-Jahan M Dodwad, Sasha D Adams, Matthew R Woeste, Robert C G Martin, Purvi Patel, Michael J Anstadt, Bilal Waqar Nasim, Ross E Willis, Jitesh A Patel, Melisa R Newcomb, Brian C George, Ralph C Quillin, Alexander R Cortez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To examine differences in resident operative experience between male and female general surgery residents.

BACKGROUND: Despite increasing female representation in surgery, sex and gender disparities in residency experience continue to exist. The operative volume of male and female general surgery residents has not been compared on a multi-institutional level.

METHODS: Demographic characteristics and case logs were obtained for categorical general surgery graduates between 2010 and 2020 from the US Resident OPerative Experience Consortium database. Univariable, multivariable, and linear regression analyses were performed to compare differences in operative experience between male and female residents.

RESULTS: There were 1343 graduates from …

Sleep And Behavioral Problems Among Preschool Children: Correlations From Pakistan Urban, Seema Zainulabdin Lasi, Somal Kayani, Noreen Afzal

Human Development Programme

The study was undertaken to explore patterns, habits, and problems for sleep in preschool children of urban Karachi, Pakistan. Two schools participated with a sample size of 297 preschool children. A cross-sectional study design was implemented. The mean age of children was 4.6 ± 0.71 years, and the male/female ratio was 49:51. The average daily sleep duration (nocturnal + daytime nap) was 9.51 ± 1.21 hours. At least one sleep problem was reported in 73% of children, the most frequently found sleep problems were, bedtime and wakeup resistance (25.6%), sleepy or tired during the day (46%), complains of growing pains …

Pain, Hope And Caring, Michelle C. Dziurgot Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

MDA Editor Michelle C. Dziurgot shares her breast cancer journey as a solo practitioner during the COVID-19 closure. Support from family, friends, and the dental community was crucial. The experience emphasizes the importance of offering a safety net and emotional support to colleagues facing personal challenges.

Hippocampal Volume And The Detection Of Mild Cognitive Impairment In An Older Adult Population: Assessing Performance On Cognitive Screeners Administered In-Person And Electronically, Kristen Fabrizi

Dissertations

The present study investigated how performance on in-person and electronic neuropsychological assessment measures predicted subcortical hippocampal volume and cognitive decline consistent with mild cognitive impairment. It was hypothesized that the Montreal Cognitive Assessment would display better predictive strength than the Cogstate Brief Battery when evaluating subcortical hippocampal volume measured via structural magnetic resonance imaging. It was further hypothesized that the Montreal Cognitive Assessment would be more sensitive to predicting group membership to the diagnostic classification of mild cognitive impairment compared to the Cogstate Brief Battery. The sample included 445 older adult participants selected from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 3. …

J Mich Dent Assoc July 2023

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Every month, The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association brings news, information, and features about Michigan dentistry to our state's oral health community and the MDA's 6,200+ members. No publication reaches more Michigan dentists!

In this issue, the reader will find the following original content:

• A cover story on recognizing mental health concerns in the dental workplace.
• Commentary by a foreign-trained dentist on difficulties in obtaining licensure.
• MDA 2023-04 Continuing Education Course Catalog
• A feature on addressing the current dental assisting workforce shortage.
• News you need, Editorial and regular department articles on MDA Foundation activities, Dentistry and the Law, Staff …

Stress-Induced Changes In Autonomic Reactivity Vary With Adolescent Violence Exposure And Resting-State Functional Connectivity, Heather E Dark, Nathaniel G Harnett, Adam M Goodman, Muriah D Wheelock, Sylvie Mrug, Mark A Schuster, Marc N Elliott, Susan Tortolero Emery, David C Knight

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Exposure to violence during childhood can lead to functional changes in brain regions that are important for emotion expression and regulation, which may increase susceptibility to internalizing disorders in adulthood. Specifically, childhood violence exposure can disrupt the functional connectivity among brain regions that include the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus, and amygdala. Together, these regions are important for modulating autonomic responses to stress. However, it is unclear to what extent changes in brain connectivity relate to autonomic stress reactivity and how the relationship between brain connectivity and autonomic responses to stress varies with childhood violence exposure. Thus, the present study examined …

A Mendelian Randomization Study Of Genetic Liability To Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder And Risk Of Ischemic Stroke, Opeyemi Soremekun, Clarisse Musanabaganwa, Annette Uwineza, Maddalena Ardissino, Skanda Rajasundaram, Agaz H Wani, Stefan Jansen, Jean Mutabaruka, Eugene Rutembesa, Chisom Soremekun, Cisse Cheickna, Mamadou Wele, Joseph Mugisha, Oyekanmi Nash, Eugene Kinyanda, Dorothea Nitsch, Myriam Fornage, Tinashe Chikowore, Dipender Gill, Derek E Wildman, Leon Mutesa, Monica Uddin, Segun Fatumo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Observational studies have shown an association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and ischemic stroke (IS) but given the susceptibility to confounding it is unclear if these associations represent causal effects. Mendelian randomization (MR) facilitates causal inference that is robust to the influence of confounding. Using two sample MR, we investigated the causal effect of genetic liability to PTSD on IS risk. Ancestry-specific genetic instruments of PTSD and four quantitative sub-phenotypes of PTSD, including hyperarousal, avoidance, re-experiencing, and total symptom severity score (PCL-Total) were obtained from the Million Veteran Programme (MVP) using a threshold P value (P) of <5 >× 10

Effect Of Digital Health Interventions On Suicidal Prevention Among Adolescents - A Systematic Review Protocol, Ngangom Karorpati Chanu, Siva N, Ushapriya M, Shelmi Antony, Sarah Hulugoji, Baby S Nayak

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Suicide is a global health crisis, ranking as the fourth leading cause of death among adolescents. The adolescent phase is marked by numerous challenges, such as increased academic pressures, evolving relationships with parents and peers, and self-identity development. Many of these suicides are preventable, but a significant number of young adolescents succumb to suicide due to a lack of awareness and access to support. Digital media, like all other forms of media, can either strengthen or weaken suicide prevention initiatives. Methods: A systematic review will adhere to the PRISMA guidelines. The systematic review will include randomized control trials of …

Predictors And Temporal Trends Of Withdrawal Of Life-Sustaining Therapy After Acute Stroke In The Florida Stroke Registry, Ayham Alkhachroum, Lili Zhou, Negar Asdaghi, Hannah Gardener, Hao Ying, Carolina M Gutierrez, Brian M Manolovitz, Daniel Samano, Danielle Bass, Dianne Foster, Nicole B Sur, David Z Rose, Angus Jameson, Nina Massad, Mohan Kottapally, Amedeo Merenda, Robert M Starke, Kristine O'Phelan, Jose G Romano, Jan Claassen, Ralph L Sacco, Tatjana Rundek

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Temporal trends and factors associated with the withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy (WLST) after acute stroke are not well determined.

DESIGN: Observational study (2008-2021).

SETTING: Florida Stroke Registry (152 hospitals).

PATIENTS: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients.

INTERVENTIONS: None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Importance plots were performed to generate the most predictive factors of WLST. Area under the curve (AUC) for the receiver operating curve were generated for the performance of logistic regression (LR) and random forest (RF) models. Regression analysis was applied to evaluate temporal trends. Among 309,393 AIS patients, 47,485 ICH patients, and …

Are There Sex Differences In Interactive Associations Of Environmental Exposure To Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), And Manganese (Mn) With Gst Genes (Gstp1, Gstt1, And Gstm1) In Relation To Asd In Jamaican Children?, Hiba T Zwiya, Maureen Samms-Vaughan, Jan Bressler, Minjae Lee, Courtney Byrd-Williams, Manouchehr Hessabi, Megan L Grove, Sydonnie Shakespeare-Pellington, Katherine A Loveland, Mohammad H Rahbar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Male preponderance is well-established in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes play a crucial role in suppressing oxidative stress triggered by environmental stressors.

Objective: To determine whether the association between metals and ASD differs by sex and by GST genes.

Methods: Using data from 344 pairs of sex-and age-matched cases and controls, we assessed the association of each metal with ASD or ASD severity, by applying conditional logistic regression (CLR) or general linear models (GLM). Sex was assessed as an effect modifier in separate GST genetic models.

Results: For Pb exposure, using a recessive model …

Assessment Of The Apical Transportation And Quantity Of Root Canal Dentin Removed Using Different New Rotary File Systems: An Original Study, Harmeet Singh, Anuj K Shukla, Apurva A Jadhav, Anshuman Shetty, Chitharanjan Shetty, Smita D Dutta, Mohammed Mustafa

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: The rotary systems have found a common application in the clinical practice for the endodontic therapies. Hence, we compared three recent endodontic systems for the comparison of the dentine removal and the apical transportation particularly in the curved canals.

METHODS: Oneshape, Pro Taper Next, and Edgefile X3 were the three systems that were compared. Thirty maxillary mesio buccal canals of the human permanent teeth were compared due to its curved nature. The volume of dentin removed and apical transportation (mm) were measured using micro-computed tomographic imaging (mm). Both the coronal section and the entire canal length had their dentin …