Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Chhs August 2015 E-Newsletter,, Dr. John Bonaguro, Dean, Vashon S. Wells, Editor, Wku College Of Health & Human Services

College of Health & Human Services Publications

No abstract provided.

The Mental Health Of Children And Adolescents : Report On The Second Australian Child And Adolescent Survey Of Mental Health And Wellbeing, David Lawrence, Sarah Johnson, Jennifer Hafekost, Katrina Boterhoven De Haan, Michael Sawyer, John Ainley, Stephen R. Zubrick

Wellbeing

Based on a survey conducted in the homes of over 6,300 families with children and/or adolescents aged 4 to 17 years, this report presents a comprehensive picture of the mental health of young Australians. It documents the prevalence and type of mental health problems, the impact of those problems on families and young people themselves and the role of health and education services in providing assistance. While the primary sources of information were parents and carers, the survey also engaged directly with young people 11 years and older who completed their own survey. This information provides unique insights about aspects …

Saliva Cotinine As A Measure Of Abstinence In A Lottery-Based Contingency Management Treatment For Smoking Cessation, Catherine M. Gayman

Dissertations

Contingency management decreases smoking by delivering monetary incentives contingent upon objective verification of abstinence. The present study investigated the effectiveness of monitoring saliva cotinine twice weekly in a contingency-management treatment for cigarette smoking using a cash prize-based payment system. Participants were randomly assigned to either a contingent reinforcement group or a non-contingent reinforcement group. The study began with five consecutive Baseline days during which participants smoked as usual, and was followed by four consecutive Shaping days, during which participants were asked to gradually decrease smoking. During the subsequent three-week Abstinence phase, participants submitted saliva cotinine and breath carbon monoxide samples …

Examining The Role Of Antisocial Personality Disorder In Intimate Partner Violence Among Substance Use Disorder Treatment Seekers With Clinically Significant Trauma Histories, Rita E. Dykstra, Julie A. Schumacher, Natalie Mota, Scott F. Coffey

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This study examined the associations among posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity, antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) diagnosis, and intimate partner violence (IPV) in a sample of 145 substance abuse treatment-seeking men and women with positive trauma histories; sex was examined as a moderator. ASPD diagnosis significantly predicted both verbal and physical aggression; sex moderated the association between ASPD diagnosis and physical violence. PTSD symptom severity significantly predicted engaging in verbal, but not physical, aggression. Overall, these results suggest that an ASPD diagnosis may be an important risk factor for engaging in IPV among women seeking treatment for a substance use …

Physical Activity Design Guidelines For School Architecture, Jeri Brittin, Dina Sorensen, Matthew Trowbridge, Karen K. Lee, Dieter Breithecker, Leah Frerichs, Terry Huang

Publications and Research

Increasing children’s physical activity at school is a national focus in the U.S. to address childhood obesity. While research has demonstrated associations between aspects of school environments and students’ physical activity, the literature currently lacks a synthesis of evidence to serve as a practical, spatially-organized resource for school designers and decision-makers, as well as to point to pertinent research opportunities. This paper describes the development of a new practical tool: Physical Activity Design Guidelines for School Architecture. Its aims are to provide architects and designers, as well as school planners, educators, and public health professionals, with strategies for making K-12 …

Abc Of Severe Mental Illness, Amresh Srivastava

Data and Test Instruments

Amresh Srivastava MD,MRCPsych,FRCPC Associate Professore of Psychiatry Western University London.ON Severe Mental Illnesses: Training and Education - About 4% patients in the community suffer from severe mental illness and about 16% from ‘any mental disorder’ Maximum financial and human resource allocations for mental health is consumed in managing severe mental disorders, leaving very little for treatment of early phase of illness and for developing preventive program. All of us, psychiatrists, family physicians, other mental health professionals like, nurse, psychologists, socal workers, occupational therapists, counsellors, and members of advocacy groups and mental health organisations, face the challenge for managing patients who …

The Association Of Different Types Of Bullying With The Mental Health Of Children And Teens From The United States, France, And Canada, Christina Fisher

Media and Communication Studies Summer Fellows

Bullying continues to trouble youths around the world, sometimes with devastating effects for victims’ mental health. This suggests an ongoing need for awareness, intervention and tolerance for everyone involved. This study, a literature review, explored the extent of these mental health effects found in 50 studies of victims, bullies, and bully-victims, those who are victims of bullying and who also bully others, in the United States, France, and Canada (Willard, 2007). Particular attention was paid to the impact that gender, age, ethnicity, and the LGBTQ community had on researchers’ findings. Findings show that 25.9% to 33% of students in these …

Decriminalizing Mental Illness: The Need For Treatment Over Incarceration Before Prisons Become The New Asylums For The Mentally Ill, Rebecca L. Brown

Psychology Summer Fellows

Currently, US prisons are home to 10 times more mentally ill individuals than state psychiatric hospitals. Instead of treating those with mental illness, an extremely vulnerable population is being thrown behind bars. Mental illness is often exacerbated during incarceration, leaving inmates much sicker than when they entered. Moreover, upon discharge mentally ill inmates have virtually no support, making recidivism almost inevitable. This lack of treatment has devastating consequences for the mentally ill as well as the community at large. Removing the mentally ill from jails and prisons would reduce recidivism, increase public safety and save money.

The current research explores …

Perceptions Of Child Wellbeing And Attitudes Towards Polygamy Between Members And Non-Members Of The Lds Church, Mccall Bowcut Lyon

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

Perceptions of the wellbeing of children in polygamous families and attitudes toward polygamy in general were examined in this study, with comparisons between individuals who have a history of membership in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (LDS) and individuals who have never been members of the LDS church. No significant differences were found between members and non-members. Comparisons were also made between current and past members of the LDS church, resulting in only one significant difference: support/opposition for the legalization of polygamy. These results suggest that having a recent religious history of practicing polygamy does not necessarily …

Understanding Bipolar Disorder, Tisha Perreira

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

According to McCance, Huether, and Brashers (2014), bipolar disorder is classified as bipolar I and bipolar II mood disorder. Bipolar I disorder, causes extreme mood swings of mania or hypomania (emotional highs) or emotional lows (depression). Manic disorder symptoms include: excessive risky activities, irritable mood, elevated mood, distractibility, excessive talking, inflated self-esteem, racing/crowded thoughts, decreased need for sleep, and increase in goal-directed activity. Symptoms of depression include: loss of interest/pleasure, weight gain or loss, fatigue/loss of energy, feeling of worthlessness or excessive guilt, depressed/irritable mood, recent thoughts of death/suicide, insomnia/or hypersomnia, poor concentration/indecisiveness, and psychomotor agitation. Bipolar II disorder has …

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Zachary Packard

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can occur after witnessing or experiencing a terrifying event (Mayo Clinic, 2015). PTSD can manifest in a variety of symptoms including, nightmares, flashbacks, insomnia, irritability, and anger (Mayo Clinic, 2015). The extended combat engagement in Afghanistan and Iraq have caused many casualties for American service members, both physically and mentally. The Veterans Affairs (VA) stated that 476,515 people sought treatment for PTSD in 2011 alone (Veteran Affairs, 2014). The veterans returning home from combat require adequate services to support their transition to civilian life. Barriers may exist for those members with PTSD symptoms seeking treatment. The …

Ethnic Differences In Drinking Motives And Alcohol Use Among College Athletes, Diana M. Doumas, Aida Midgett

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study examined drinking motives, alcohol use, and alcohol-related problems among White collegiate athletes and collegiate athletes of color (N = 113). Results indicated no differences in drinking motives between the two groups. Although White athletes reported higher levels of alcohol use, athletes of color reported higher levels of alcohol-related problems. Athletes of color with high levels of coping and conformity motives reported the highest level of alcohol-related problems.

Chhs July 2015 E-Newsletter,, Dr. John Bonaguro, Dean, Vashon S. Wells, Editor, Wku College Of Health & Human Services

College of Health & Human Services Publications

No abstract provided.

Differences In Health-Related Behaviors And Attitudes Between Urban, Rural, And Isolated Households In Western West Virginia, Michael Newsome Phd, Tim Hazelett, Monika Sawhney Phd, Msw

Economics Faculty Research

This study uses data from a 2013 survey of 275 randomly sampled households across nine counties in western West Virginia to examine the significant differences between the health behaviors and attitudes of rural and isolated populations. The results show that age, education, and income are significant factors in explaining differences in health-related behaviors and attitudes for all urban, rural and isolated respondents. However, after controlling for socio-demographic differences, isolation is found to have only a few significant effects, and some of the effects run counter to stereotypes of isolated populations. Rural respondents are significantly more likely than isolated respondents to …

Disparities In Hospital Services Utilization Among Patients With Mental Health Issues: A Statewide Example Examining Insurance Status And Race Factors From 1999-2010, Viann N. Nguyen-Feng, Hind A. Beydoun, Michael K. Mcshane, James D. Blando

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

There exist many disconnects between the mental and general health care sectors. However, a goal of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 is to change this by improving insurance access and the intersection of mental and general health care. As insurance status intersects with race, the present study examines how race, insurance status, and hospital mental health services utilization differ across groups within the state of New Jersey. The present study aims to determine trends in hospital mental health care utilization by insurance status and race from 1999 to 2010. The rate of self-pay for mental health disorders in …

Parent And Adolescent Attachment And Adolescent Shame And Hope With Psychological Control As A Mediator, Natasha K. Bell

Student Works

The purpose of this study was to determine if parent adolescent attachment is correlated with adolescent hope and shame two years later with parent psychological control in the year in between as a mediator. Data at wave four, five, and six for 308 families from the Flourishing Families Project were used. In previous studies attachment has been shown to be important in adolescent development. This study found that the adolescent's perception of the relationship is negatively correlated with shame and positively correlated with hope in the adolescent. Additionally the adolescent's perception of their relationship with both mother and father was …

The Challenges Of Afghanistan And Iraq Veterans’ Transition From Military To Civilian Life And Approaches To Reconnection, Jennifer Ahern, Miranda Worthen, Jackson Masters, Sherri Lippman, Emily Ozer, Rudolf Moos

Faculty Publications

Afghanistan and Iraq veterans experienced traumas during deployment, and disrupted connections with friends and family. In this context, it is critical to understand the nature of veterans’ transition to civilian life, the challenges navigated, and approaches to reconnection. We investigated these issues in a qualitative study, framed by homecoming theory, that comprised in-depth interviews with 24 veterans. Using an inductive thematic analysis approach, we developed three overarching themes. Military as family explored how many veterans experienced the military environment as a “family” that took care of them and provided structure. Normal is alien encompassed many veterans experiences of disconnection from …

Shame, Relational Aggression, And Sexual Satisfaction: A Longitudinal Study, Austin Ray Beck

Student Works

This longitudinal study examined the relationship between husband and wife shame and husband and wife sexual satisfaction one year later with husband and wife relational aggression as mediating variables. The sample included 353 heterosexual married couples who participated in the Flourishing Families Research Project, a longitudinal study of daily family life. Results showed that husband and wife shame was negatively related with husband and wife sexual satisfaction, respectively. Husband love withdrawal was negatively related with both husband and wife sexual satisfaction, while wife love withdrawal was negatively related with only husband sexual satisfaction. Each partner's use of social sabotage was …

A Step By Step Methodological Approach To Appraise The Quality Of Written Feedback Using Comment Analysis, Lubna Ghazal, Raisa B. Gul, Amina Aijaz Khowaja

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Several studies have been conducted to analyze the quality of written feedback given by teachers on students’ written assignments. However, it has been observed that there is no clear existing method or tool to facilitate the analysis of teachers’ written feedback. This paper aims to document a step by step methodological approach to analyze teachers’ comments and appraise the quality of feedback on students’ written assignments. A self-initiated tool was developed from the comment analysis process which revealed the use of various formats and modes employed to provide written feedback to the students. In addition, this tool helped to determine …

Tradtional Alcohol Use Among Rural Yi Minority In China: An Application Of Theory Of Planned Behavior, Yonghua Feng

College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

It is estimated that 25% of the alcohol consumed in China as traditional alcohol. This study explored the drinking patterns and the motives to use traditional alcohol among a sample of the Yi minority in southern China. The Theory of Planned Behavior was used to explore motives.

Based on initial fieldwork among the Yi a questionnaire was developed to provide data to describe traditional alcohol use and to assess the constructs of attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control as expressed the Theory of Planned Behavior. The questionnaire was refined and the results served as an adequate measurement to explore …

A Phenomenological Investigation Of Wellness And Wellness Promotion In Counselor Education Programs, Brett Kyle Gleason

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

This phenomenological investigation explored the lived wellness experiences and perceptions of wellness promotion of doctoral level counseling trainees enrolled in CACREP-accredited programs. Participants included a national heterogeneous sample of 12 doctoral level counselor trainees currently enrolled in CACREP-accredited counseling programs. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted to provide a textural-structural description of doctoral students' lived wellness experiences and perceptions of wellness promotion while enrolled in a CACREP-accredited counseling program. Three structural codes includingcomponents of wellness, program culture, and recommendations were identified along with 13 textural codes throughout participant interviews. The findings of this study provide insight into wellness …

Size And Power Of Tests Of Hypotheses On Survival Parameters From The Lindley Distribution With Covariates, Macaulay Okwuokenye, Karl E. Peace

Biostatistics: Faculty Publications

The Lindley model is considered as an alternative model facilitating analyses of time-to-event data with covariates. Covariate information is incorporated using the Cox’s proportional hazard model with the Lindley model at the timedependent component. Simulation studies are performed to assess the size and power of tests of hypotheses on parameters arising from maximum likelihood estimators of parameters in the Lindley model. Results are contrasted with that arising from Cox’s partial maximum likelihood estimator. The Linley model is used to analyze a publicly available data set and contrasted with other models.

Individual Personality And Emotional Readiness Characteristics Associated With Marriage Preparation Outcomes Of Perceived Helpfulness And Change, Megan Ann Rogers

Theses and Dissertations

Little is known about the role that personality and emotional readiness factors may play in participation and outcomes of premarital education programs in varying formats. Data collected via the RELATionship Evaluation Questionnaire (RELATE: Busby et al., 2001) was used to analyze how personality and emotional readiness factors affect perceived change and helpfulness in self-directed and workshop formats of premarital education for 384 individuals who participated in such interventions. Depression was significantly and negatively related to participant perception of positive change and helpfulness in a workshop setting. Kindness was positively and significantly related to perceived positive change in both workshop and …

Shame, Relational Aggression, And Sexual Satisfaction: A Longitudinal Study, Austin Ray Beck

Theses and Dissertations

This longitudinal study examined the relationship between husband and wife shame and husband and wife sexual satisfaction one year later with husband and wife relational aggression as mediating variables. The sample included 353 heterosexual married couples who participated in the Flourishing Families Research Project, a longitudinal study of daily family life. Results showed that husband and wife shame was negatively related with husband and wife sexual satisfaction, respectively. Husband love withdrawal was negatively related with both husband and wife sexual satisfaction, while wife love withdrawal was negatively related with only husband sexual satisfaction. Each partner's use of social sabotage was …

Parent And Adolescent Attachment And Adolescent Shame And Hope With Psychological Control As A Mediator, Natasha K. Bell

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine if parent adolescent attachment is correlated with adolescent hope and shame two years later with parent psychological control in the year in between as a mediator. Data at wave four, five, and six for 308 families from the Flourishing Families Project were used. In previous studies attachment has been shown to be important in adolescent development. This study found that the adolescent's perception of the relationship is negatively correlated with shame and positively correlated with hope in the adolescent. Additionally the adolescent's perception of their relationship with both mother and father was …

The Moderating Effect Of Attachment Behaviors On The Association Between Video Game Use, Time Together As A Problem, And Relationship Quality, Stella Christine Dobry

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to test whether video game use is associated with more problems with spending time together among married couples, whether problems with time together are associated with relationship quality, and whether attachment behaviors can moderate the association between time together as a problem and relationship quality. Previous studies have found a negative association between excessive video game use and couple relationship outcomes. Excessive video game use may negatively impact relationships by taking away from time spent on shared leisure and relationship maintenance activities. The Double ABCx model provided a theoretical framework for understanding how attachment …

Effects Of Interparental Conflict On Taiwanese Adolescents’ Depression And Externalizing Problem Behavior: A Longitudinal Study, Chih Han Hsieh

Theses and Dissertations

The link between interparental conflict and adolescents’ maladjustment has been well established among European Americans; however, relatively few studies examine these relationships in Chinese societies. This study used longitudinal data from the Taiwan Youth Project (TYP), an on-going longitudinal panel research project focused on adolescent development, in order to examine the relationship between interparental conflict and depressive symptoms and externalizing problem behaviors of adolescents. In addition, this study examined parental warmth as a mediating variable for the relationship between interparental conflict and adolescents’ maladjustment. The results showed that interparental conflict predicted depressive symptoms among adolescents two years later. Mediation analysis …

Joint Modeling Of Treatment Effect On Time-To-Event Endpoint And Safety Covariates In Control Clinical Trial Data Analysis, Kao-Tai Tsai, Karl E. Peace

Biostatistics: Faculty Publications

It is a common practice to perform a separate analysis of efficacy and safety data from clinical trials to estimate the benefit and risk aspects of a particular treatment regimen. However, by doing so, one is likely to miss the complete picture of the treatment effect given that these data are generated from the same study subjects and therefore most likely will be correlated. Therefore, it is desirable to analyze these data jointly to obtain a more complete profile of the treatment regimen. A substantial number of statistical methodologies have been proposed in the last decade to model the time-to-event …

Executive Function Predictors Of Children's Talk, Jacqlyne D. Weber

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Relatively few studies have investigated the relationship between executive functioning (EF) and language development, and even fewer have researched hot and cool EF as a predictor language development. This study is an investigation into the relationship between EF and language development in preschool aged children. More specifically, the ability for hot or cool EF to predict language, this will be the focus of the study. It was found that hot EF was a better predictor of language development in preschool aged children.

Stay-At-Home-Fathers Navigating Depression: A Consensual Qualitative Research Study, William Douglas Meyers Caperton

Dissertations (1934 -)

Evidence suggests that the practices through which men are socialized to become masculine may serve both to restrict their potential in ways that lead to psychological distress, and also to restrict the ways in which they respond to such distress (Addis & Mahalik, 2003; Mahalik, Good, Tager, Levant, & Mackowiak, 2012; O’Neil, 2008). While we are beginning to understand masculine depression (Cochran & Rabinowitz, 2000; Magovcevic & Addis, 2008) and paternal depression (Paulson & Bazemore, 2010; Ramachandani & Psychogiou, 2009), almost nothing is known about how SAHFs experience depression, nor their experiences and beliefs regarding help-seeking and psychotherapy. The trend …