Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Targeting Tumor-Initiating Cells: Eliminating Anabolic Cancer Stem Cells With Inhibitors Of Protein Synthesis Or By Mimicking Caloric Restriction., Rebecca Lamb, Hannah Harrison, Duncan L Smith, Paul A Townsend, Thomas Jackson, Bela Ozsvari, Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outshoorn, Md, Richard Pestell, Anthony Howell, Michael P. Lisanti, Federica Sotgia

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

We have used an unbiased proteomic profiling strategy to identify new potential therapeutic targets in tumor-initiating cells (TICs), a.k.a., cancer stem cells (CSCs). Towards this end, the proteomes of mammospheres from two breast cancer cell lines were directly compared to attached monolayer cells. This allowed us to identify proteins that were highly over-expressed in CSCs and/or progenitor cells. We focused on ribosomal proteins and protein folding chaperones, since they were markedly over-expressed in mammospheres. Overall, we identified >80 molecules specifically associated with protein synthesis that were commonly upregulated in mammospheres. Most of these proteins were also transcriptionally upregulated in human …

Postoperative Glycemic Variability In Diabetic And Non Diabetic Patients, Boris Mraovic, Md, Brian Hipszer, Md, Zvi Grunwald, Md, David Gratch, Do, Charles J. Yeo, Md, Jennifer Lessin, Rn, Kathleen O'Malley, Rn, Angela Gulino, Md, Peter Simpson, Meng, Jeffrey Joseph

David Gratch, DO

Objectives: Glycemic variability increases oxidative stress and may trigger the inflammation and coagulation cascades. Variability may be associated with increase morbidity and mortality in ICU patients. We analyzed glycemic variability after major surgery in diabetic (DM) and non-diabetic (NDM) patients using an automated intravenous blood glucose monitor (IVBG).

State Law Mandates For Reporting Of Healthcare-Associated Clostridium Difficile Infections In Hospitals., Julie Reagan, Carolyn T A Herzig, Monika Pogorzelska-Maziarz, Andrew W Dick, Patricia W Stone, Jd Divya Srinath

Department of Nursing papers and presentations

US state and territorial laws were reviewed to identify Clostridium difficile infection reporting mandates. Twenty states require reporting either under state law or by incorporating federal Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' reporting requirements. Although state law mandates are more common, the incorporation of federal reporting requirements has been increasing.

A Resource Planning Analysis Of District Hospital Surgical Services In The Democratic Republic Of The Congo., Melanie K. Sion, Md, Dheepa Rajan, Hyppolite Kalambay, Jean-Pierre Lokonga, Joseph Bulakali, Mathias Mossoko, Dieudonne Kwete, Gerard Schmets, Edward Kelley, Tarcisse Elongo, Luis Sambo, Meena Cherian

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The impact of surgical conditions on global health, particularly on vulnerable populations, is gaining recognition. However, only 3.5% of the 234.2 million cases per year of major surgery are performed in countries where the world's poorest third reside, such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

METHODS: Data on the availability of anesthesia and surgical services were gathered from 12 DRC district hospitals using the World Health Organization's (WHO's) Emergency and Essential Surgical Care Situation Analysis Tool. We complemented these data with an analysis of the costs of surgical services in a Congolese norms-based district hospital as well …

Implementation Of Antimicrobial Stewardship Policies In U.S. Hospitals: Findings From A National Survey., Monika Pogorzelska-Maziarz, Carolyn T A Herzig, Elaine L Larson, E Yoko Furuya, Eli N Perencevich, Patricia W Stone

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of antimicrobial stewardship policies and to investigate factors associated with implementation in a national sample of acute care hospitals.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey.

PARTICIPANTS: Infection Control Directors from acute care hospitals participating in the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN).

METHODS: An online survey was conducted in the Fall of 2011. A subset of hospitals also provided access to their 2011 NHSN annual survey data.

RESULTS: Responses were received from 1,015 hospitals (30% response rate). The majority of hospitals (64%) reported the presence of a policy; use of antibiograms and antimicrobial restriction policies were most frequently utilized …

Radiation Therapy After Radical Prostatectomy For Prostate Cancer: Evaluation Of Complications And Influence Of Radiation Timing On Outcomes In A Large, Population-Based Cohort., Sarah E Hegarty, Terry Hyslop, Adam Dicker Md, Phd, Timothy Showalter Md

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of timing of salvage and adjuvant radiation therapy on outcomes after prostatectomy for prostate cancer.

METHODS: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked database, we identified prostate cancer patients diagnosed during 1995-2007 who had one or more adverse pathological features after prostatectomy. The final cohort of 6,137 eligible patients included men who received prostatectomy alone (n = 4,509) or with adjuvant (n = 894) or salvage (n = 734) radiation therapy. Primary outcomes were genitourinary, gastrointestinal, and erectile dysfunction events and survival after treatment(s).

RESULTS: Radiation therapy after prostatectomy was associated with higher rates …

Antibiotics For Cancer Therapy., Richard Pestell, Albert A Rizvanov

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Effectiveness Of Surgery For Lumbar Stenosis And Degenerative Spondylolisthesis In The Octogenarian Population: Analysis Of The Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial (Sport) Data., Jeffrey A Rihn, Alan S Hilibrand, Wenyan Zhao, Jon D Lurie, Alexander Vaccaro, Md, Phd, Todd Albert, James Weinstein

Rothman Institute Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine whether surgery is an effective option for the treatment of stenosis of the lumbar spine and degenerative spondylolisthesis in the octogenarian population.

METHODS: An as-treated analysis of patients with lumbar stenosis and degenerative spondylolisthesis enrolled in the Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial (SPORT) was performed. Patients who were at least eighty years of age (n = 105) were compared with those younger than eighty years (n = 1130). Baseline patient and clinical characteristics were noted, and the difference in improvement from baseline between operative and nonoperative treatment was determined for each …

Population Health: Where's The Beef?, David B. Nash

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Dysregulation Of Kv3.4 Channels In Dorsal Root Ganglia Following Spinal Cord Injury., David Ritter, Benjamin M Zemel, Tamara J Hala, Michael E O'Leary, Angelo C Lepore, Manuel Covarrubias

Farber Institute for Neuroscience Faculty Papers

Spinal cord injury (SCI) patients develop chronic pain involving poorly understood central and peripheral mechanisms. Because dysregulation of the voltage-gated Kv3.4 channel has been implicated in the hyperexcitable state of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons following direct injury of sensory nerves, we asked whether such a dysregulation also plays a role in SCI. Kv3.4 channels are expressed in DRG neurons, where they help regulate action potential (AP) repolarization in a manner that depends on the modulation of inactivation by protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent phosphorylation of the channel's inactivation domain. Here, we report that, 2 weeks after cervical hemicontusion SCI, injured …