Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Application Of Point-Of-Care Ultrasound In Ed Intubations And Airway Access: A Systematic Review, Frank Wheeler, James Espinosa, Alan Lucerna, Jeffrey Gardecki

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Intubation is an essential procedure performed on a routine basis in the emergency room. Unsuccessful intubations are associated with deleterious outcomes. A systematic review was performed to investigate the accuracy of point of care ultrasound (POCUS) in successful Endotracheal Tube (ET) tube confirmation, utilizing ultrasonography, identification of the cricothyroid membrane utilizing ultrasound, and dynamically during use of ultrasonography in the process of intubation. This review demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for ultrasound confirmation of ET tube placement, high success rate in ultrasound-guided intubation, and lower than expected accuracy in identifying the cricothyroid membrane. Ultrasonography should be considered for ET tube …

Non-Dental Oral Cavity Findings In Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Madalina-Gabriela Indre, Darius Sampelean, Vlad Taru, Angela Cozma, Dorel Sampelean, Mircea Vasile Milaciu, Olga Hilda Orasan

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is known as the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorder in the United States, leading to substantial morbidity, although associated mortality is rare. Based on the appearance of esophageal mucosa on upper endoscopy, GERD is divided into erosive esophagitis (ERD) and nonerosive reflux disease (NERD). Heartburn and acid regurgitation are the typical symptoms of the disease, although some patients may present atypical manifestations such as epigastric pain, nausea, asthma, chronic cough, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sleep disturbances, otitis, and sinusitis. Other signs, such as oral mucosal lesions may result from GERD by direct acid or acidic vapor contact in the …

Effects Of Neonatal Nutrition Interventions On Neonatal Mortality And Child Health And Development Outcomes: A Systematic Review, Aamer Imdad, Faseeha Rehman, Evans Davis, Deepika Ranjit, Gamael S. S. Surin, Suzanna L. Attia, Sarah Lawler, Abigail A. Smith, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Background
The last two decades have seen a significant decrease in mortality for children < 5 years of age in low and middle‐income countries (LMICs); however, neonatal (age, 0–28 days) mortality has not decreased at the same rate. We assessed three neonatal nutritional interventions that have the potential of reducing morbidity and mortality during infancy in LMICs.

Objectives
To determine the efficacy and effectiveness of synthetic vitamin A, dextrose oral gel, and probiotic supplementation during the neonatal period.

Search Methods
We conducted electronic searches for relevant studies on the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, SCOPUS, and CENTRAL, Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials, up to November 27, 2019.

Selection Criteria
We aimed to include randomized and quasi‐experimental studies. The target population was neonates in LMICs. The interventions included synthetic vitamin A supplementation, oral dextrose gel supplementation, and probiotic supplementation during the neonatal period. …

Association Between Air Pollution And Incidence Of Dementia: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Cohort Studies, Ehsan Abolhasani

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Objective. To estimate the risk of dementia in association with exposure to air pollutants.

Methods. Six databases were searched. Cohort studies that reported the hazard ratio (HR) of dementia in association with exposure to air pollutants in adults > 40y were included. For all meta-analyses, the random-effects model was used.

Results. A total of 16 and 13 studies were included in the systematic review and the meta-analysis, respectively. Risk of dementia increased by 4% per 1μg/m³ increase in fine particulate matter level (HR, 1.04; 95%CI, [1.02, 1.06]), which was statistically significant. The risk of dementia increased by 3% per 10μg/m …

Comparative Effectiveness Of Anti-Inflammatory Drug Treatments In Coronary Heart Disease Patients: A Systematic Review And Network Meta-Analysis, Ivan Wudexi, Elica Shokri, Mohamed Abo-Aly, Kazuhiro Shindo, Ahmed Abdel-Latif

Gill Heart & Vascular Institute Faculty Publications

Introduction and Hypothesis. The role of inflammation is widely recognized in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. Research on animal models had shown the potential benefits of targeting specific inflammatory pathways. However, studies on human subjects are limited with small number of patients and no head-to-head comparisons. Methods. We conducted a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that studied the effects of anti-inflammatory medications on cardiovascular outcomes of coronary artery disease patients. We searched the electronic database until March 2020 for relevant studies. Results. Nineteen trials examining the efficacy of eight anti-inflammatory medications (pexelizumab, anakinra, colchicine, darapladib, …

Joint Protection Programs For People With Hand Arthritis, Pavlos Bobos

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The fact that Joint Protection Programs (JPP) can reduce pain and improve function is based on small, but definitive Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), conducted in the 1980s. However, changes over time in the nature of hand use, the rapid expansion of technology, and improvements in our understanding of health literacy mean that these programs are now outdated. Further, problems with adherence to JPP are well documented. The purpose of this thesis was 1) to conduct a scoping review to map all the available evidence around joint protection programs in published and unpublished studies 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of joint …

Clinical Application Of Oncolytic Viruses: A Systematic Review, Mary Cook, Aman Chauhan

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Leveraging the immune system to thwart cancer is not a novel strategy and has been explored via cancer vaccines and use of immunomodulators like interferons. However, it was not until the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors that we realized the true potential of immunotherapy in combating cancer. Oncolytic viruses are one such immunotherapeutic tool that is currently being explored in cancer therapeutics. We present the most comprehensive systematic review of all oncolytic viruses in Phase 1, 2, and 3 clinical trials published to date. We performed a systematic review of all published clinical trials indexed in PubMed that utilized oncolytic …

Can Simulators Be Applied To Improve Cataract Surgery Training: A Systematic Review, Taha Muneer Ahmed, Badrul Hussain, Rehman Siddiqui

Medical College Documents

Objective: The purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of existing literature on simulation-based training of cataract surgery. Available literature was evaluated and projections on how current findings could be applied to cataract surgery training were summarised. The quality of included literature was also assessed.
Methods and analysis: The PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched for articles pertaining to simulation training in cataract surgery on 18 November 2019. Selected articles were qualitatively analysed.
Results: A total of 165 articles were identified out of which 10 met inclusion criteria. Four studies reported construct validity of the …

The Implications Of Paraspinal Muscle Atrophy In Low Back Pain, Thoracolumbar Pathology, And Clinical Outcomes After Spine Surgery: A Review Of The Literature., Kevin He, Jeffery Head, Nikolaos Mouchtouris, Kevin Hines, Phelan Shea, Richard Schmidt, Christian Hoelscher, Geoffrey Stricsek, James Harrop, Ashwini Sharan

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

STUDY DESIGN: Literature review.

OBJECTIVES: Paraspinal muscle integrity is believed to play a critical role in low back pain (LBP) and numerous spinal deformity diseases and other pain pathologies. The influence of paraspinal muscle atrophy (PMA) on the clinical and radiographic success of spinal surgery has not been established. We aim to survey the literature in order to evaluate the impact of paraspinal muscle atrophy on low back pain, spine pathologies, and postoperative outcomes of spinal surgery.

METHODS: A review of the literature was conducted using a total of 267 articles identified from a search of the PubMed database and …

Delivering Water, Sanitation And Hygiene Interventions To Women And Children In Conflict Settings: A Systematic Review, Daina Als, Sarah Meteke, Marianne Stefopulos, Michelle F. Gaffey, Mahdis Kamali, Mariella Munyuzangabo, Shailja Shah, Reena P. Jain, Amruta Radhakrishnan, Fahad J. Siddiqui, Anushka Ataullahjan, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Background: Access to safe water and sanitation facilities and the adoption of effective hygiene practices are fundamental to reducing maternal and child morbidity and mortality globally. In armed conflict settings, inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure poses major health risks for women and children. This review aimed to synthesise the existing information on WASH interventions being delivered to women and children in conflict settings in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and to identify the personnel, sites and platforms being used to deliver such interventions.
Methods: We conducted a systematic search for publications indexed in four databases, and grey literature …

Delivery Of Sexual And Reproductive Health Interventions In Conflict Settings: A Systematic Review, Mariella Munyuzangabo, Dina Sami Khalifa, Michelle F. Gaffey, Mahdis Kamali, Fahad J. Siddiqui, Sarah Metek, Shailja Shah, Reena P. Jain, Daina Als, Amruta Radhakrishnan, Anushka Ataullahjan, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Background: It is essential to provide comprehensive sexual and reproductive health (SRH) interventions to women affected by armed conflict, but there is a lack of evidence on effective approaches to delivering such interventions in conflict settings. This review synthesised the available literature on SRH intervention delivery in conflict settings to inform potential priorities for further research and additional guidance development.
Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases using terms related to conflict, women and children, and SRH. We searched websites of 10 humanitarian organisations for relevant grey literature. Publications reporting on conflict-affected populations in low-income and middle-income countries …

Risk And Protective Factors Of Dementia Among Adults With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review Protocol, Karen A. Lawrence, Theresia M. Pachner, Molly M. Long, Stephanie Henderson, Donna L. Schuman, Brenda L. Plassman

Social Work Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with an increased risk of dementia. Individual epidemiological studies have controlled for several confounders of the relationship between PTSD and increased dementia risk, yet particular risk factors underlying this relationship have not been determined. This systematic review protocol aims to identify risk and protective factors of dementia among adults with PTSD.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will conduct an electronic search of the databases: PubMed, CINAHL, PsychINFO, The Cochrane Library, Scopus and ProQuest Dissertation and Theses Global. After screening the studies, quantitative synthesis will be performed, if possible. Otherwise, a narrative synthesis will be …

Delivering Trauma And Rehabilitation Interventions To Women And Children In Conflict Settings: A Systematic Review, Reena P. Jain, Sarah Meteke, Michelle F. Gaffey, Mahdis Kamali, Mariella Munyuzangabo, Daina Als, Shailja Shah, Fahad J. Siddiqui, Amruta Radhakrishnan, Anushka Ataullahjan, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Background: In recent years, more than 120 million people each year have needed urgent humanitarian assistance and protection. Armed conflict has profoundly negative consequences in communities. Destruction of civilian infrastructure impacts access to basic health services and complicates widespread emergency responses. The number of conflicts occurring is increasing, lasting longer and affecting more people today than a decade ago. The number of children living in conflict zones has been steadily increasing since the year 2000, increasing the need for health services and resources. This review systematically synthesised the indexed and grey literature reporting on the delivery of trauma and rehabilitation …

Delivering Non-Communicable Disease Interventions To Women And Children In Conflict Settings: A Systematic Review, Shailja Shah, Mariella Munyuzangabo, Michelle F. Gaffey, Mahdis Kamali, Reena P. Jain, Daina Als, Sarah Meteke, Amruta Radhakrishnan, Fahad J. Siddiqui, Anushka Ataullahjan, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. In the context of conflict settings, population displacement, disrupted treatment, infrastructure damage and other factors impose serious NCD intervention delivery challenges, but relatively little attention has been paid to addressing these challenges. Here we synthesise the available indexed and grey literature reporting on the delivery of NCD interventions to conflict-affected women and children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Methods: A systematic search in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases for indexed articles published between 1 January 1990 and 31 March 2018 was conducted, and publications reporting on NCD …

Association Of Interleukin 10 Rs1800896 Polymorphism With Susceptibility To Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis., Ziyin Zhu, Ji-Bin Liu, Xi Liu, Linxue Qian

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between interleukin 10 (IL-10) -1082A/G polymorphism (rs1800896) and breast cancers by performing a meta-analysis.

Methods: The Embase and Medline databases were searched through 1 September 2018 to identify qualified articles. Odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to evaluate associations.

Results: In total, 14 case-control studies, including 5320 cases and 5727 controls, were analyzed. We detected significant associations between the IL10 -1082 G/G genotype and risk of breast cancer (AA + AG vs. GG: OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.80-0.97). Subgroup analyses confirmed a significant association in Caucasian populations (OR …

A Core Outcome Set For Studies Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention And Treatment, Aoife M Egan, Delia Bogdanet, Tomás P Griffin, Oratile Kgosidialwa, Mila Cervar-Zivkovic, Eugene Dempsey, John Allotey, Fernanda Alvarado, Cheril Clarson, Shamil D Cooray, Harold W De Valk, Sander Galjaard, Mary R Loeken, Michael J A Maresh, Angela Napoli, Paula M O'Shea, Ewa Wender-Ozegowska, Mireille N M Van Poppel, Shakila Thangaratinam, Caroline Crowther, Linda M Biesty, Declan Devane, Fidelma P Dunne

Paediatrics Publications

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this systematic review was to develop core outcome sets (COSs) for trials evaluating interventions for the prevention or treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

METHODS: We identified previously reported outcomes through a systematic review of the literature. These outcomes were presented to key stakeholders (including patient representatives, researchers and clinicians) for prioritisation using a three-round, e-Delphi study. A priori consensus criteria informed which outcomes were brought forward for discussion at a face-to-face consensus meeting where the COS was finalised.

RESULTS: Our review identified 74 GDM prevention and 116 GDM treatment outcomes, which were presented to stakeholders …

Deworming Children For Soil-Transmitted Helminths In Low And Middle-Income Countries: Systematic Review And Individual Participant Data Network Meta-Analysis, Vivian Andrea Welch, Alomgir Hossain, Elizabeth Ghogomu, Alison Riddle, Simon Cousens, Michelle Gaffey, Paul Arora, Robert Black, Donald Bundy, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Intestinal parasites affect millions of children globally. We aimed to assess effects of deworming children on nutritional and cognitive outcomes across potential effect modifiers using individual participant data (IPD). We searched multiple databases to 27 March 2018, grey literature, and other sources. We included randomised and quasi randomised trials of deworming compared to placebo or other nutritional interventions with data on baseline infection. We used a random-effects network meta-analysis with IPD and assessed overall quality, following a pre-specified protocol. We received IPD from 19 trials of STH deworming. Overall risk of bias was low. There were no statistically significant subgroup …

Vitamin D Status And Risk Of Incident Tuberculosis Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study, Systematic Review, And Individual-Participant Data Meta-Analysis, Omowunmi Aibana, Chuan-Chin Huang, Said Aboud, Alberto Arnedo-Pena, Mercedes C. Becerra, Juan Bautista Bellido-Blasco, Ramesh Bhosale, Roger Calderon, Rabia Hussain, Najeeha Talat Iqbal

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: Few studies have evaluated the association between preexisting vitamin D deficiency and incident tuberculosis (TB). We assessed the impact of baseline vitamins D levels on TB disease risk.
Methods and Findings: We assessed the association between baseline vitamin D and incident TB in a prospective cohort of 6,751 HIV-negative household contacts of TB patients enrolled between September 1, 2009, and August 29, 2012, in Lima, Peru. We screened for TB disease at 2, 6, and 12 months after enrollment. We defined cases as household contacts who developed TB disease at least 15 days after enrollment of the index patient. …

Safety And Efficacy Of Combined Antegrade And Retrograde Endoscopic Dilation For Complete Esophageal Obstruction: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Mahendran Jayaraj, Babu P. Mohan, Harneet Mashiana, Rajesh Krishnamoorthi, Douglas G. Adler

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background Complete esophageal obstruction (CEO) due to occlusive proximal stricture occurs after chemoradiation for head and neck cancers. A combined antegrade and retrograde endoscopic technique with controlled recanalization and dilation (CARD) has been shown to be an effective and safe method for regaining and maintaining esophageal luminal patency in the short term. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases and conference proceedings, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases (from inception through November 2018), to identify studies that reported the outcomes of CARD. The primary outcomes were the pooled rates of technical and clinical success, specifically …

Team-Based Care And Patient Satisfaction In The Hospital Setting: A Systematic Review, Kristen K. Will, Melissa L. Johnson, Gerri Lamb

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Limited research examining the relationship between team-based models of care and patient satisfaction in the hospital setting is available. The purpose of this literature review was to explore this relationship as well as the relationships between team composition, team-based interventions, patient satisfaction, and other outcomes of care when measured as part of the study.

Methods: A systematic appraisal of research studies published through February 2017 was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Embase, Ovid, gray literature and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria were 1) experimental (randomized control trials), quasi-experimental, or non-experimental (cross-sectional) study design; 2) team-based care interventions; 3) hospital …

Medical Doctors' Offline Computer-Assisted Digital Education: Systematic Review By The Digital Health Education Collaboration, Hayfaa Abdelmageed Wahabi, Samia Ahmed Esmaeil, Khawater Hassan Bahkali, Maher Abdelraheim Titi, Yasser Sami Amer, Amel Ahmed Fayed, Amr Jamal, Nasriah Zakaria, Amna Rehana Siddiqui, Monika Semwal

Community Health Sciences

Background: The widening gap between innovations in the medical field and the dissemination of such information to doctors may affect the quality of care. Offline computer-based digital education (OCDE) may be a potential solution to overcoming the geographical, financial, and temporal obstacles faced by doctors.
Objective: The objectives of this systematic review were to evaluate the effectiveness of OCDE compared with face-to-face learning, no intervention, or other types of digital learning for improving medical doctors' knowledge, cognitive skills, and patient-related outcomes. Secondary objectives were to assess the cost-effectiveness (CE) of OCDE and any adverse effects.
Methods: We searched major bibliographic …

Contact Sports As A Risk Factor For Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic Review., Ronen Blecher, Michael A Elliott, Emre Yilmaz, Joseph R Dettori, Rod J Oskouian, Akil P Patel, Andrew Clarke, Mike Hutton, Robert Mcguire, Robert Dunn, John Devine, Bruce Twaddle, Jens R Chapman

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Study Design: Systematic review.

Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, ultimately resulting in paralysis and death. The condition is considered to be caused by a complex interaction between environmental and genetic factors. Although vast genetic research has deciphered many of the molecular factors in ALS pathogenesis, the environmental factors have remained largely unknown. Recent evidence suggests that participation in certain types of sporting activities are associated with increased risk for ALS.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that competitive sports at the highest level that involve repetitive concussive head and cervical spinal trauma result in an increased …

Yoga-Specific Enhancement Of Quality Of Life Among Women With Breast Cancer: Systematic Review And Exploratory Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Daline El-Hashimi, Kevin M. Gorey

Social Work Publications

Physical activities during and after cancer treatment have favorable psychosocial effects. Increasingly, yoga has become a popular approach to improving the quality of life (QoL) of women with breast cancer. However, the extant synthetic evidence on yoga has not used other exercise comparison conditions. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically assess yoga-specific effects relative to any other physical exercise intervention (eg, aerobics) for women with breast cancer. QoL was the primary outcome of interest. Eight randomized controlled trials with 545 participants were included. The sample-weighted synthesis at immediate postintervention revealed marginally statistically and modest practically significant differences suggesting yoga’s potentially greater …

Depression Among Epileptic Patients And Its Association With Drug Therapy In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Getenet Dessie, Henok Mulugeta, Cheru Tesema Leshargie, Fasil Wagnew, Sahai Burrowes

BACKGROUND: Despite the high prevalence of epilepsy in sub-Saharan Africa and the established relationship between depression and epilepsy, the extent of comorbid epilepsy and depression in the region is still poorly understood. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to address this gap in the literature by determining the pooled prevalence of depression among epileptic patients in sub-Saharan Africa.

METHODS: A systematic desk review and electronic web-based search of PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, PsycINFO and the World Health Organization's Hinari portal (which includes the SCOPUS, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online databases) conducted from December 2, 2017 …

Choice Of Implant Filler In Breast Reconstruction: A Study Of The Cost-Effectiveness Of Saline And Silicone Implants, Kathleen Nelligan

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Breast reconstruction following mastectomy is increasing and implant-based breast reconstruction is the most common surgical approach. Saline and silicone implants have different cost and complication profiles and it is unclear which is the more cost-effective option. A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to summarize the quality of life data in breast reconstruction, specifically, previously published health state utility values relevant to breast reconstruction. In addition, a cost-utility analysis was undertaken from the perspective of the third-party payer, accounting for the most common complications associated with saline and silicone implants. This demonstrated that despite the increased initial cost of …

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography In Cirrhosis - A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Focused On Adverse Events, Harmeet Singh Mashiana, Banreet Dhindsa, Ji Won Yoo, Amaninder Singh Dhaliwal, Shailender Singh, Harlan Sayles, Qing Wu, Ali A. Siddiqui, Gordon Ohning, Mohit Girotra, Douglas A. Adler

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

AIM To investigate indications and outcomes of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in cirrhotics, especially adverse events. Patients with cirrhosis undergoing ERCP are believed to have increased risk. However, there is a paucity of literature describing the indications and outcomes of ERCP procedures in patients with cirrhosis, especially focusing on adverse events. METHODS We performed a systematic appraisal of major literature databases, including PubMed and EMBASE, with a manual search of literature from their inception until April 2017. RESULTS A total of 6,505 patients from 15 studies were analyzed (male ratio 59%, mean age 59 years), 11% with alcoholic and 89% …

Physical Activity Self-Management Interventions For Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: Part 2 – Exploring The Generalizability Of Findings From Research To Practice, Shauna M. Burke, Jennifer R. Tomasone, Natalie V. Scime, Jasmin K. Ma, Samantha M. Harden, Dalton L. Wolfe

Paediatrics Publications

Despite the benefits associated with regular participation in physical activity, individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) remain insufficiently active. The ability to self-manage participation may increase physical activity levels, but only if self-management interventions can be implemented in the ‘real world’. The purpose of this review was to examine the degree to which authors of published studies of LTPA self-management interventions for individuals with SCI have reported on factors that could increase the likelihood of translating this research into practice. A systematic search of five databases was conducted, yielding 33 eligible studies representing 31 interventions. Each intervention was assessed using …

Rapid Intravenous Rehydration Of Children With Acute Gastroenteritis And Dehydration: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, M. A. Iro, T. Sell, N. Brown, K. Maitland

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends rapid intravenous rehydration, using fluid volumes of 70-100mls/kg over 3–6 h, with some of the initial volume given rapidly as initial fluid boluses to treat hypovolaemic shock for children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and severe dehydration. The evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of rapid versus slower rehydration remains uncertain.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on 11th of May 2017 comparing different rates of intravenous fluid therapy in children with AGE and moderate or severe dehydration, using standard search terms. Two authors independently assessed trial quality and …

Recreational Soccer As Sport Medicine For Middle-Aged And Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Hao Luo, Robert U. Newton, Fadi Ma'ayah, Daniel A. Galvao, Dennis R. Taaffe

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background Strategies to prevent or attenuate the age-related decline in physical and physiological function and reduce chronic disease risk factors are of clinical importance.

Objective To examine the health benefits of recreational soccer in middle-aged and older adults.

Design Systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Data sources All available records up until 9 June 2017 in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library databases.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies All randomised trials with or without a control group (randomised controlled trials or randomised uncontrolled trials) …

Geographical Variations In The Clinical Management Of Colorectal Cancer In Australia: A Systematic Review, Fiona Crawford-Williams, Sonja March, Michael Ireland, Arlen Rowe, Belinda Goodwin, Melissa Hyde, Suzanne K. Chambers, Joanne Aitken, Jeff Dunn

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: In Australia, cancer survival is significantly lower in non-metropolitan compared to metropolitan areas. Our objective was to evaluate the evidence on geographical variations in the clinical management and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: A systematic review of published and gray literature was conducted. Five databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, and Informit) were searched for articles published in English from 1990 to 2018. Studies were included if they assessed differences in clinical management according to geographical location; focused on CRC patients; and were conducted in Australia. Included studies were critically appraised using a modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. PRISMA systematic review …