Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Molecular Mechanisms Of Hepatic Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Growth-Restricted Offspring With Hyperlipidemia, Shelby L. Oke

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a pathological condition characterized by low birth weight and poor organ development. Growth of the fetal liver is often compromised at the expense of other vital organs, thereby leading to hepatic dyslipidemia in the affected offspring. As such, epidemiological studies suggest an inverse relationship between birth weight and long-term metabolic health, while the occurrence of postnatal catch-up growth can exacerbate this relationship. Animal studies have shown that IUGR offspring exhibit impaired mitochondrial function, which likely contributes to the later development of metabolic pathologies. That said, the molecular mechanisms by which mitochondria are affected remain unknown. …

Development Of A Core Measurement Set For Research In Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Study Protocol (Ao Spine Recode-Dcm Cms), Benjamin M Davies, Alvaro Yanez Touzet, Oliver D Mowforth, Keng Siang Lee, Danyal Khan, Julio C Furlan, Michael G Fehlings, James Harrop, Carl Moritz Zipser, Ricardo Rodrigues-Pinto, James Milligan, Ellen Sarewitz, Armin Curt, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Bizhan Aarabi, Timothy F Boerger, Lindsay Tetreault, Robert Chen, James D Guest, Sukhvinder Kalsi-Ryan, Iwan Sadler, Shirley Widdop, Angus G K Mcnair, Brian K Kwon, Mark R N Kotter

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Introduction: Progress in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is hindered by inconsistent measurement and reporting. This impedes data aggregation and outcome comparison across studies. This limitation can be reversed by developing a core measurement set (CMS) for DCM research. Previously, the AO Spine Research Objectives and Common Data Elements for DCM (AO Spine RECODE-DCM) defined 'what' should be measured in DCM: the next step of this initiative is to determine 'how' to measure these features. This protocol outlines the steps necessary for the development of a CMS for DCM research and audit.

Methods and analysis: The CMS will be developed in …

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 122), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Potential Impact Of 2017 American College Of Cardiology/American Heart Association Hypertension Guideline On Contemporary Practice: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From Ncdr Pinnacle Registry, Aliza Hussain, Salim S. Virani, Luke Zheng, Ty J. Gluckman, William B. Borden, Frederick A. Masoudi, Thomas M. Maddox

Office of the Provost

Background Clinical implications of change in the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guideline on the diagnosis and management of hypertension, compared with recommendations by 2014 expert panel and Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7), are not known. Methods and Results Using data from the NCDR (National Cardiovascular Data Registry) PINNACLE (Practice Innovation and Clinical Excellence) Registry (January 2013-Decemver 2016), we compared the proportion and clinical characteristics of patients seen in cardiology practices diagnosed with hypertension, recommended antihypertensive treatment, and achieving blood pressure (BP) goals …

Respiratory Morbidity And Neurodevelopmental Outcomes In Infants Born Preterm: A Complex Web, Anna Maria Hibbs

Faculty Scholarship

This commentary is on the original article by Yu et al. on pages 1246–1253 of this issue.

Clinical Trial Innovations In A Post-Covid World, Francisco A. Ponce, Ludy Chen Shih, Michael Staudt

Conference Presentation Abstracts

No abstract provided.

Right Superior Vena Cava Connected Left Atrium With Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return And Intact Atrial Septum: An Unusual Cause Of Paradoxical Embolism, Abdullah Al-Sehly, Abdah Hrfi, Ahmed Binsalahuddin

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

A six-month-old girl presented with history of convulsion and cyanosis, was eventually found to have a right superior vena cava connected to left atrium with anomalous upper right pulmonary vein return and without atrial septal defect. Diagnosis was confirmed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The patient underwent a successful cardiac surgery correction, routing SVC to right atrium and repair of right upper pulmonary vein to left atrium.

Secondary School Athletic Trainers’ Perceived Confidence In Providing Independent Medical Care Within Differing Healthcare Delivery Models, Sam G. Arredondo Dat, Atc, Matthew J. Rivera Dat, Lat, Atc, Lindsey E. Eberman Phd, Lat, Atc

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate athletic trainers’ confidence and ability to deliver independent medical care in the secondary school setting. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used with open- and closed-ended questions using a tool that was modified from a previously validated tool used within the collegiate setting; the tool was adapted through content expert validation. Results: Athletic trainers perceived themselves as confident in providing independent medical care through the school district healthcare delivery model (n=109/121, 90%) more often than those functioning within the hospital/clinic outreach model (n=85/130, 65%). Conclusions: Despite not having nationalized legislation …

Effects Of A 4-Week Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Intervention On Psychological And Performance Variables In Student-Athletes: A Pilot Study, Samantha R. Weber, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Eva V. Monsma, Shawn M. Arent, Toni Torres-Mcgehee

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

PURPOSE: To examine the effects of a 4-week biofeedback intervention on coherence, psychological, and performance variables in collegiate student-athletes. METHODS: Thirteen student-athletes were randomly assigned to the intervention (one weekly biofeedback session for 4-weeks) or control group (no sessions). Data were collected at pre and post-intervention using weekly averaged coherence scores, psychological measures for depression, arousal, stress, resiliency, and performance outcome measures. RESULTS: A 3 (Time) x 4 (Week average) repeated measures ANOVA was independently conducted to examine differences between time and weekly coherence average for coherence scores. No significant differences were found for “at rest”, pre, or post-practice coherence …

The Effects Of Vitamin D Supplementation On Athletic Performance And Injury Prevention, Amani Adeeb Abushamma

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Vitamin D supplementation has numerous effects on athletic performance and plays a significant role in preventing an athlete’s risk of getting injuries. Vitamin D has an impact on numerous physiological functions such as: bone health, muscle function, inflammatory response, and immune function. An athlete’s bone and muscle health are essential for maximum performance and career success. A bone fracture due to vitamin D deficiency can delay an athlete’s training and ultimately inhibit obtaining a collegiate scholarship and/or contract. A cross sectional study found that more than half of athletic trainers did not view 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25[OH]) testing and vitamin D supplementation …

An Infrapatellar Fat Pad Tear In A High School Football Player: A Case Report, Brian D. Seiler

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Objective: To present a clinical case exploring the occurrence and management of a tear to the infrapatellar fat pad IFP of a high school football player. Background: Acute tears to the IFP are rare. Typically, the IFP becomes impinged (i.e., Hoffa’s disease) through a fall, direct knee trauma, or surgical complications, and requires conservative treatment. Treatment: A 15-year-old high school football player reported to the athletic training clinical complaining of right knee discomfort and the inability to fully flex the knee. The patient stated that during a field goal attempt he missed the ball and hyperextended his right knee. Hoffa’s …

My Journey With The Heartware Ventricular Assist Device- An Obituary, Georg M. Wieselthaler

The VAD Journal

None

Evaluation Of Surgical Skill Using Machine Learning With Optimal Wearable Sensor Locations, Rahul Soangra, R. Sivakumar, E. R. Anirudh, Sai Viswanth Reddy Y., Emmanuel B. John

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Evaluation of surgical skills during minimally invasive surgeries is needed when recruiting new surgeons. Although surgeons’ differentiation by skill level is highly complex, performance in specific clinical tasks such as pegboard transfer and knot tying could be determined using wearable EMG and accelerometer sensors. A wireless wearable platform has made it feasible to collect movement and muscle activation signals for quick skill evaluation during surgical tasks. However, it is challenging since the placement of multiple wireless wearable sensors may interfere with their performance in the assessment. This study utilizes machine learning techniques to identify optimal muscles and features critical for …

Trust-Ii: A Global Phase Ii Study For Taletrectinib In Ros1 Fusion-Positive Lung Cancer And Other Solid Tumors, Misako Nagasaka, Shunichi Sugawara, Chang-Min Choi, Tatsuro Okamoto, Noriko Yangitani, Kaname Nosaki, Toshiaki Takahashi, Yutaka Fujiwara, John Khoury, Jorge J. Nieva

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Background: Taletrectinib (AB-106/DS-6051b) is a next-generation, brain-penetrant, ROS1/ NTRK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and has shown clinically meaningful effect and safety profile in ROS1+ Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients in phase 1 studies (Fujiwara et al, Oncotarget 2018; 9(34): 23729-23737; Ou et al, JTO Clin Res Rep. 2020 Oct 21;2(1):100108). Taletrectinib has also demonstrated activity against ROS1 G2032R resistance mutation and CNS metastases in the ongoing phase 2 TRUST study (NCT04395677) in China. Also, taletrectinib has shown preliminary efficacy against NTRK positive solid tumors in an ongoing phase 2 study (NCT04617054). Methods: TRUST-II study (NCT04919811) is a phase 2, …

The Phenomenon Of Multidrug Resistance In Glioblastomas, Alexandr N. Chernov, Diana A. Alaverdian, Elvira S. Galimova, Alessandra Renieri, Elisa Frullanti, Ilaria Meloni, Olga V. Shamova

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

The most common and aggressive brain tumor in the adult population is glioblastoma (GBM). The lifespan of patients does not exceed 22 months. One of the reasons for the low effectiveness of GBM treatment is its radioresistance and chemoresistance. In the current review, we discuss the phenomenon of multidrug resistance of GBM in the context of the expression of ABC family transporter proteins and the mechanisms of proliferation, angiogenesis, and recurrence. We focused on the search of molecular targets among growth factors, receptors, signal transduction proteins, microRNAs, transcription factors, proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and their single-nucleotide polymorphisms.

Impact Of The Major Bcr-Abl1 Transcript Type On Clinical And Biological Parameters And Molecular Response In Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Mourad Nachi, Ibtissem Kihel, Badra Entasoltane, Mohamed Brahimi, Nabil Yafour, Djaoued Guella, Amine Abed, Mohamed A. Bekadja

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Aim: In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the impact of MBCR-ABL1 major transcript type on disease phenotype and response to treatment still controversial to date. This work aims to study the influence of Mb3a2 and Mb2a2 transcripts on clinico-biological parameters and the molecular response in patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) treated with Imatinib as frontline therapy. Methods: This is six years prospective study started in March 1 st, 2013. 67 patients with newly CP-CML were treated by Imatinib as frontline therapy. Clinical and biological characteristics disease were collected for all patients. Molecular typing was performed by multiplex RT-PCR …

Synchronized Diaphragmatic Stimulation: A Case Report Of A Novel Extra-Cardiac Intervention For Chronic Heart Failure., Lee R Goldberg, Ana Jorbenadze, Tamaz Shaburishvilli, Michael Mirro Md, Marat Fudim, Michel Zuber, Simon F Stämpfli, Felix C Tanner, Paul Erne, John G Cleland

Parkview Heart Institute

Synchronized diaphragmatic stimulation (SDS) is a novel extra-cardiac device-based therapy for symptomatic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. SDS provides imperceptible chronic stimulation of the diaphragm through a laparoscopically implanted system consisting of an implantable pulse generator and two sensing/stimulating leads affixed to the inferior surface of the diaphragm delivering imperceptible R-wave gaited pulses that alter intrathoracic pressure improving ventricular filling and cardiac output. We describe, in a man with a history of myocardial infarctions resulting in heart failure and persistent New York Heart Association Class III symptoms despite standard therapies, the successful implantation of SDS resulting in improved quality …

Vampirism For The Microbiologist, Joudeh B. Freij, Bishara J. Freij

Posters

Vampirism has been a means to explain the cause of communicable diseases throughout the centuries.

Detection Of Enterotoxin Gene Cluster In Staphylococcus Epidermidis Recovered From Neonatal Liver Abscess, Bishara J. Freij, Barbara E. Robinson-Dunn, Patrick M. Schlievert

Posters

• Neonatal pyogenic liver abscesses are rare • Potential routes of hepatic infection include: portal vein, biliary ducts, hepatic artery during sepsis, or direct spread from infected contiguous structures • Risk factors may include bloodstream infection, abdominal surgery, umbilical vein catheterization, total parenteral nutrition, necrotizing enterocolitis, and/or immune deficiencies • More common in premature infants at present • Variety of etiologic agents for neonatal liver abscess: Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible and resistant), coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS), streptococci, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Serratia, and Candida • Umbilical stump and catheter exit site hub often colonized with CONS • CONS colonize nearly all …

Surgical Treatment Of Multiple Deforming Xanthomas Of The Foot And Ankle With Complete Excision And Rotational Skin Flaps: A Case Report, Qanita Ali, Rachelle Randall, Lawrence M. Fallat

Articles

Xanthomas are cholesterol rich nodular dermal lesions characterized by lipid-laden macrophages that accumulate in skin and tendons.1 These lesions are frequently associated with hyperlipidemia disorders characterized by impaired cholesterol metabolism and accelerated atherosclerotic plaque development.2 Until recently, xanthomas were considered mere cosmetic lesions, however extensive evidence has shown that the presence of xanthomas signify increased cardiovascular risk and reduced average lifespan.3 Treatment centers around lipid lowering agents and rarely are these masses large enough to require surgical resection, thus there is very little literature discussing proper surgical excision.4, 5 We present a rare case of a 65 year old female …

1485-Pub: Assessing Correlates Of Microvascular Complications Among Patients With Diabetes Mellitus, Kenneth Izuora, Amalie Alver, Arpita Basu, Kavita Batra, Shelley J. Williams, Jeffrey L. Ebersole

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Microvascular complications associated with diabetes (DM) are important predictors of morbidity and mortality. Understanding the factors associated with these complications is important in reducing their burden. Method: Using a cross-sectional study design, seventy-one ambulatory patients with Type 2 DM (female 60.6%, white 36.6%, mean age 64.1± 10.3 years, and mean duration of DM 15.8±9.1 years) were recruited using an investigator-administered questionnaire and chart review. Variables of demographics, smoking, HbA1c, DM duration, and complications were collected. CRP was measured and oral health status was assessed by a clinical exam. Data were analyzed using Chi-square/Fisher exact tests and binomial logistic regression …

Diabetes-Related Outcomes Following Use Of Basal-Bolus Insulin Vs Premixed Insulin In A Va Population With Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Chart Review., Ravisha Bai, Kavita Batra, Charmaine Yap, Kenneth Izuora

School of Medicine Faculty Presentations

No abstract provided.

Adopting Clinical Practice Guidelines For Pharmacologic Management Of Acute Spinal Cord Injury From A Developed World Context To A Developing Global Region, Seyed Behnam Jazayeri, Seyed Farzad Maroufi, Zahra Ghodsi, Heshmatollah Ghawami, Ahmad Pourrashidi, Abbas Amirjamshidi, Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh, Jalil Arabkheradmand, Farzin Farahbakhsh, Maryam Shabany, Morteza Faghih-Jouibari, Michael G Fehlings, Brian K Kwon, James Harrop, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Background: Proper utilization of high-quality clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) eliminates the dependence of patients' outcomes on the ability and knowledge of "individual" health care providers and reduces unwarranted variation in care. The aim of this study was to adapt/adopt two CPGs for pharmacologic management of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) using guideline adaptation methods.

Methods: This study was conducted based on the ADAPTE process. Following establishment of an organizing committee and choosing the health topics, we appraised the quality of the CPGs using the Appraisal of Clinical Guidelines for Research & Evaluation II (AGREE II). Then, the authors extracted and …

Provision Of Labour Analgesia And Its Related Barriers Among Maternal Health Care Providers In Kenya: An Institution-Based Descriptive Survey., Gabriel Ouma, Elkanah Omenge, Edwin Were, Kimbley Omwodo

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Although pain relief is a key component of modern obstetric care, it remains a poorly established service in sub-Saharan countries, such as Kenya. Maternal health care providers have an extensive role to play in meeting the analgesic needs of women, during childbirth. This study sought to examine the practice of labour pain relief and its deterrents among Kenyan maternal health care providers.

Methods: This was an institution based, cross-sectional, descriptive survey. The study population included midwives, obstetricians, and anaesthesiologists working at the second largest tertiary facility in Kenya. A structured, self- administered questionnaire was used. The patterns …

Group B Streptococcus Infection During Pregnancy And Infancy: Estimates Of Regional And Global Burden, Bronner P. Gonçalves, Simon R. Procte, Proma Paul, Jaya Chandna, Alexandra Lewin, Farah Seedat, Artemis Koukounari, Ziyaad Dangor, Shannon Leahy, Amina Abubakar

Institute for Human Development

Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS) colonisation during pregnancy can lead to invasive GBS disease (iGBS) in infants, including meningitis or sepsis, with a high mortality risk. Other outcomes include stillbirths, maternal infections, and prematurity. There are data gaps, notably regarding neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI), especially after iGBS sepsis, which have limited previous global estimates. In this study, we aimed to address this gap using newly available multicountry datasets.

Methods: We collated and meta-analysed summary data, primarily identified in a series of systematic reviews published in 2017 but also from recent studies on NDI and stillbirths, using Bayesian hierarchical models, and …

Urban Family Planning In Sub-Saharan Africa: An Illustration Of The Cross-Sectoral Challenges Of Urban Health, Trudy Harpham, Moses Tetui, Robert Smith, Ferdinand Okwaro, Adriana Biney, Judith Helzner, James Duminy, Susan Parnell, John Ganle

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

The multi-sectoral nature of urban health is a particular challenge, which urban family planning in sub-Saharan Africa illustrates well. Rapid urbanisation, mainly due to natural population increase in cities rather than rural–urban migration, coincides with a large unmet urban need for contraception, especially in informal settlements. These two phenomena mean urban family planning merits more attention. To what extent are the family planning and urban development sectors working together on this? Policy document analysis and stakeholder interviews from both the family planning and urban development sectors, across eight sub-Saharan African countries, show how cross-sectoral barriers can stymie efforts but also …

Integrated Multilayer Omics Reveals The Genomic, Proteomic, And Metabolic Influences Of Histidyl Dipeptides On The Heart, Keqiang Yan, Zhanlong Mei, Jingjing Zhao, Md Aminul Islam Prodhan, Detlef Obal, Kartik Katragadda, Benjamin Doelling, David Hoetker, Dheeraj Kumar Posa

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Background: Histidyl dipeptides such as carnosine are present in a micromolar to millimolar range in mammalian hearts. These dipeptides facilitate glycolysis by proton buffering. They form conjugates with reactive aldehydes, such as acrolein, and attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Although these dipeptides exhibit multifunctional properties, a composite understanding of their role in the myocardium is lacking.

Methods and Results: To identify histidyl dipeptide-mediated responses in the heart, we used an integrated triomics approach, which involved genome-wide RNA sequencing, global proteomics, and unbiased metabolomics to identify the effects of cardiospecific transgenic overexpression of the carnosine synthesizing enzyme, carnosine synthase (Carns), in …

Identification Of Novel Somatic Fusions Of Erg-Vegfa, Tmprss2-Erg, And Vegfa-Tmprss2 In Prostate Cancer Treated With Anlotinib And Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Case Report, Qiuli Liu, Shuo Wang, Ze Wang, Peng Tang, Dianzheng Zhang, Weihua Lan, Jun Jiang

PCOM Scholarly Papers

The TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene has frequently been found in prostate cancer and is associated with malignancy. Identifying novel fusions will help to stratify patients and establish patient-tailored therapies. A 78-year-old man presented to our hospital with severe symptoms of urinary urgency and frequency for 2 years, as well as severe bone pain for 1 year. He was diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 5 + 5. Three gene fusions, ERG_VEGFA, TMPRSS2_ERG, and VEGFA_TMPRSS2, were identified in the patient's prostate cancer tissue. Notably, administration of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, anlotinib, in combination with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist …

Correlates Of Rem Sleep Without Atonia In Dream Enactment Behavior Associated With Parkinson’S Disease, Medication Use And Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Abigail Quintos, Rohin Saroya, Nisha Bagchi, Ritu G. Grewal

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

METHODS: We did a retrospective review of medical records and polysomnographic (PSG) data of patients with dream enactment behavior (DEB) from 2015 to 2020. REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) was scored according to the AASM rules, and %RSWA was calculated.

RESULTS: Thirty-six patients with DEB were analyzed. Recursive partitioning algorithm was used to determine the %RSWA that correlated with the presence or absence of Parkinson’s disease (PD). RSWA >=20% was present in 11 patients, and had the highest correlation with PD (9/11). RSWA of 2.1% to 19.9% was present in 10 patients, and had modest correlation with PD (3/10). RSWA= …

Patient Efficacy In Telehealth Is Moderated By Distress Among Patients With Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study, Joseph Mccollom Do, Rachel Pfafman, Michelle Drouin, Mindy Flanagan, Tammy Toscos Phd

PCI Publications and Projects

Low emotional distress and high confidence with tech impacts cancer patients’ choice of in person or telehealth visits.