Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Genetic Diversity In L1 Orf Of Human Papillomavirus In Women With Cervical Cancer With And Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus In Botswana And Kenya, Leabaneng Tawe, Wonderful T. Choga, Giacomo M. Paganotti, Ontlametse T. Bareng, Tlhalefo D. Ntereke, Pleasure Ramatlho, Doreen Ditshwanelo, Simani Gaseitsiwe, Ishmael Kasvosve, Elkanah Omenge

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: The variation of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes shapes the risks of cervical cancer and these variations are not well defined in Africa. Nucleotide changes within the L1 gene, nucleotide variability, and phylogeny were explored in relation to HIV in samples from Botswana and Kenya. Methods: A total of 98 HPV-positive cervical samples were sequenced to identify diferent HPV variants. Phylogenetic inferences were used to determine HPV genotypes and investigate the clustering of sequences between women living with HIV (WLWHIV) and -women not living with HIV (WNLWHIV). Results: Out of 98 generated sequences, 83.7% (82/98) participants had high-risk (HR) HPV …

Exploring The Relationship Between Covid-19 Unit Designation And Nurse Burnout Syndrome, Jamie Roney, Gisele Nicole Bazan, Tiffany Patterson, Kelsey Sawyer, Erin Whitley, Sahar Mihandoust, Joann Long

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic globally impacted healthcare due to surges in infected patients and respiratory failure. The pandemic escalated nursing burnout syndrome (NBS) across the workforce, especially in critical care environments, potentially leading to long-term negative impact on nurse retention and patient care.

Objectives: To compare self-reported burnout scores of frontline nurses caring for COVID-19 infected patients with burnout scores captured before the pandemic and in non-COVID-19 units from two prior studies.

Methods: A study was conducted using frontline nurses working in eight critical care units based on exposure to COVID-19 infected patients. Nurses were surveyed in 2019 and in …

Role Of Micrornas In Non-Functioning Pituitary Adenoma, Mehak Ismail Rajani, Yumna Mirza, Rohan Advani, Syed Muhammad Adnan Ali, Ather Enam

Centre for Innovation in Medical Education

Non-functioning pituitary adenomas account for 30% of anterior pituitary tumours. Based on their inability to secrete hormones, these are often diagnosed incidentally or due to pressure symptoms. Understanding the pathogenesis of these adenomas can provide insight into factors leading to its progression and serving as biomarkers for early recognition. A literature search was performed in the current narrative review for articles published in PubMed for the last 10 years till January 2020 on micro-ribonucleic acid involved in the pathogenesis of non-functioning pituitary adenomas. Of the 478 articles found, 21(4.4%) were filtered. In total, 106 micro-ribonucleic acids were identified, 25(23.5%) of …

Participant Use Of Digital Diaries In Qualitative Research: A Strong Structuration Analysis, Maureen L. Seguin, Jhaki A. Mendoza, Eunice Mallari, Gideon Lasco, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Lia M. Palileo-Villanueva, Benjamin Palafox, Alicia Renedo, Martin Mckee, Dina Balabanova

Development Studies Faculty Publications

Lived experiences of chronic conditions are marked by fluidity and change, which should be considered if care is to be truly patient-centered. Seeking to capture this fluidity, we used digital diaries via mobile phones to communicate with hypertensive patients in the Philippines over approximately 12 months. This paper draws on Strong Structuration Theory to conceptualize the complex array of factors shaping participants’ usage (and non-usage) of the diaries, thereby offering a comprehensive understanding of how the diaries were perceived and used. We draw on qualitative data from 42 participants (73 baseline/follow-up interviews and 37 digital diaries), purposively selected from a …

Impact Of Difelikefalin On 5d-Itch Domains In Patients With Ckd-Associated Pruritus, Anjay Rastogi, Joel M. Topf, Thilo Schaufler, Isabelle Morin, Frederique Menzaghi, Warren Wen, Kieran Mccafferty

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Background: Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is common in hemodialysis (HD) patients, impacting quality of life (QoL). In the Phase 3 KALM studies, difelikefalin (DFK), a selective kappa opioid receptor agonist approved in the United States and Europe for the treatment of moderate–severe pruritus in adults undergoing HD, improved itch intensity and QoL. The impact of DFK treatment on the subdomains of the 5D-itch scale (a multidimensional questionnaire validated in patients with chronic pruritus) were explored.

Methods: In this pooled KALM-1 and KALM-2 analysis (n=712), HD patients with moderate–severe CKD-aP were randomized 1:1 to receive intravenous DFK 0.5 µg/kg or …

Comparison Of Surface Defects In Protaper Next And Hyflex Edm Files After Single Clinical Use: A Stereoscopic Evaluation, Faizan Javed, Momina Anis Motiwala, Farhan Raza Khan, Rabia Ghafoor

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Objective: To compare the surface defects created on the ProTaper Next files versus HyFlex Electrical Discharge Machining files after single clinical use in molars.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in the dental department of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from December 2018 to June 2019, and comprised Nickel-Titanium files belonging to HyFlex Electrical Discharge Machining and ProTaper Next to perform complete root canal treatment of molar teeth. The files were first visually examined and then analysed under 25.6x magnification using a stereomicroscope for the evaluation of surface defects. A photographic record was maintained and studied. Data was analysed …

Stereotactic Radiosurgery For Pituitary Adenomas: A Review Of Literature, Kaynat Siddiqui, Saqib Kamran Bakhshi, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim

Section of Neurosurgery

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a choice of treatment for pituitary adenomas (PA), particularly for residual or recurrent disease, apart from surgery. It has a progression free survival and endocrine remission rate comparable to surgery, with fewer side effects, making it an ideal tool for dealing with PA. In this review, we have discussed the role of SRS for primary as well as post-operative residual/ recurrent PA, and have assessed its safety and outcomes.

Ifn-Γ Attenuates Eosinophilic Inflammation But Is Not Essential For Protection Against Rsv-Enhanced Asthmatic Comorbidity In Adult Mice, Abenaya Muralidharan, Md Bashir Uddin, Christopher Bauer, Wenzhe Wu, Xiaoyong Bao, Keer Sun

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

The susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in early life has been associated with a deficient T-helper cell type 1 (Th1) response. Conversely, healthy adults generally do not exhibit severe illness from RSV infection. In the current study, we investigated whether Th1 cytokine IFN-γ is essential for protection against RSV and RSV-associated comorbidities in adult mice. We found that, distinct from influenza virus, prior RSV infection does not induce significant IFN-γ production and susceptibility to secondary Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in adult wild-type (WT) mice. In ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mice, RSV super-infection increases airway neutrophil recruitment and inflammatory lung damage …

Clinical Laboratory Testing Practices In Diffuse Gliomas Prior To Publication Of 2021 World Health Organization Classification Of Central Nervous System Tumors, Shakti H. Ramkissoon, Helen Fernandes, Dolores H. Lopez-Terrada, Meera R. Hameed, Dimitri G. Trembath, Julia A. Bridge, Neal I. Lindeman, Rhona J. Souers, Patricia Vasalos, Daniel J Brat, Joel T. Moncur

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

CONTEXT.—: Integration of molecular data into glioma classification supports diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic decision-making; however, testing practices for these informative biomarkers in clinical laboratories remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE.—: To examine the prevalence of molecular testing for clinically relevant biomarkers in adult and pediatric gliomas through review of a College of American Pathologists proficiency testing survey prior to the release of the 2021 World Health Organization Classification of Central Nervous System Tumors.

DESIGN.—: College of American Pathologists proficiency testing 2020 survey results from 96 laboratories performing molecular testing for diffuse gliomas were used to determine the use of testing for molecular biomarkers …

Sex-Specific Associations Among Total Bone-Specific Physical Activity Score, Aortic Parameters, And Body Composition In Healthy Young Adults, Sojung Kim, Harshvardhan Singh

Rita & Larry Salva School of Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Scholarship

Background/Objective: Physical inactivity is one of the major cardiovascular disease risk factors; however, not much is known regarding lifetime bone-specific physical activity and arterial stiffness. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine whether total bone-specific physical activity score (tBPAQ) was related to arterial stiffness and body composition in healthy young adults. Methods: Healthy young women (n = 56, 20.3 ± 1.3 years) and men (n = 52, 21.0 ± 1.2 years) between 18 and 25 years were recruited for this study. The tBPAQ was used to obtain a comprehensive account of lifetime bone-loading physical activity. We …

Bibliometric Study On The Literature Related To Dental Research And Education Published In Journal Of Pakistan Medical Association, Samira Adnan, Kamil Zafar, Farhan Raza Khan, Rizwan Ullah

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Objective: To analyse characteristics of literature related to dental research and education published in a single medical journal, The Journal of Pakistan Medical Association.
Method: The bibliometric study was conducted at the Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University from March till May 2020, and comprised electronic and hand search of scientific literature relevant to dentistry published in the Journal of Pakistan Medical Association from the first issue published in 1953 till March 2020. The selected articles were analysed for year of publication, field of study, type of article, institute and country of first author, number of …

Detection Of Progression Or Regression Of Gynecologic Cancers By Circulating Tumor Dna (Ctdna), Bipin Ghimire, Ujjwal Karki, Emma Herrman, Mohammad Muhsin Chisti

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Objectives The use of post-operative circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to detect cancer recurrence has been reported in various studies but the literature describing variable changes in ctDNA is limited. The objective of this study is to describe the utility of single and serial ctDNA values in detecting the progression or regression of gynecological cancers.

Methods This is a retrospective observational study including nineteen patients, aged >=18 years who had the ctDNA test completed at hematology/oncology clinic of William Beaumont – Royal Oak and Troy Hospitals, Michigan, USA.

Results Among the nineteen patients, fifteen had breast, three had ovarian, and one …

Construction Of A Repeatable Framework For Prostate Cancer Lesion Binary Semantic Segmentation Using Convolutional Neural Networks, Ian Vincent O. Mirasol, Patricia Angela R. Abu, Rosula Sj Reyes

Department of Information Systems & Computer Science Faculty Publications

Prostate cancer is the 3rd most diagnosed cancer overall. Current screening methods such as the prostate-specific antigen test could result in overdiagonosis and overtreatment while other methods such as a transrectal ultrasonography are invasive. Recent medical advancements have allowed the use of multiparametric MRI — a noninvasive and reliable screening process for prostate cancer. However, assessment would still vary from different professionals introducing subjectivity. While con-volutional neural network has been used in multiple studies to ob-jectively segment prostate lesions, due to the sensitivity of datasets and varying ground-truth established used in these studies, it is not possible to reproduce and …

Does Maternal Sars-Cov-2 Infection Or Sars-Cov-2 Vaccination Trigger An Inflammatory Response In The Fetus?, Ali Alhousseini, Sonia Sajja, Onur Turkoglu, Kurt Wharton, Kirsten Gage, Jaber Saad, Jay Idler, Ray Bahado-Singh

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Objective SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers a significant maternal inflammatory response. There is a dearth of data regarding whether maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection or SARS-CoV-2 vaccination triggers an inflammatory response in the fetus. Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome (FIRS) has been described in other clinical conditions such as intraamniotic infection and has been defined as a cord blood Interleukin-6 (IL-6) level > 11 pg/ml. The objective of the study is to evaluate Il-6 levels in the cord blood of three delivering women: SARS-CoV-2 infection group, SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated group, and a control group.

Study Design A prospective case control study of a total of 61 pregnant …

Prediction Of Small For Gestational Age Neonates By Combining Maternal Risk Factors With Biophysical Markers, Anthony O. Odibo, Umit Kayisli, Richard Bronsteen, Charles Lockwood

Conference Presentation Abstracts

OBJECTIVE: Studies have suggested a role for biophysical markers (BPM) including uterine artery Doppler (UAD) and maternal mean arterial pressure (MAP) in prediction of neonatal SGA. We sought to determine if the addition of flow velocities in spiral artery (SA), UAD, MAP and maternal risk factors could improve prediction of neonatal SGA, compared with using maternal risk factors alone. STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective longitudinal study over a 5-year period. We measured SA UAD and MAP at: 11 to 13 + 6, 18 to 22 + 6/7 and 28 to 34+ 6/7 weeks of gestation. Prediction models for SGA …

The Impact Of Preoperative Neurological Symptom Severity On Postoperative Outcomes In Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy, Gregory R Toci, Jose A Canseco, Brian A Karamian, Michael Chang, Giovanni Grasso, Kristen Nicholson, Emily M Pflug, Glenn S Russo, Daniel Tarazona, I David Kaye, Mark Kurd, Alan S. Hilibrand, Barrett I. Woods, Jeffrey A Rihn, D Greg Anderson, Kris E Radcliff, Christopher K Kepler, Alex R. Vaccaro, Gregory D. Schroeder

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Study design: The study design is a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To compare patient-reported outcomes between patients with mild versus moderate-to-severe myelopathy following surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).

Summary of background data: Recent studies have demonstrated that decompression for CSM leads to improved quality of life when measured by patient-reported outcomes. However, it is unknown if preoperative myelopathy classification is predictive of superior postoperative improvements.

Materials and methods: A retrospective review of patients treated surgically for CSM at a single institution from 2014 to 2015 was performed. Preoperative myelopathy severity was classified according to the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association …

#Askrenal: Use Of An Automated Twitter Account To Crowdsource Nephrology Queries, Jade M. Teakell, Alicja Rosolowska, Swapnil Hiremath, Matthew A. Sparks, Edgar V. Lerma, Joel M. Topf, Nikhil A. Shah

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Background: Social media platforms are used in contemporary crowdsourcing, and Twitter is apt for reaching a large number of people with a common interest. Users, especially those with a small follower count may find it challenging to reach a large audience. #AskRenal was developed as a Twitter crowdsourcing tool to help users get answers to nephrology questions. We hypothesized that the #AskRenal hashtag could be used by anyone to receive helpful and timely responses to simple or complex nephrology questions posed on the social media platform. Methods: A Twitter account @AskRenal, and an online Twitter bot that automatically retweeted any …

Starting The New Year And Getting Rid Of Type 2 Diabetes?, Sheri R. Colberg

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Shoe And Cleat Type On Lower Extremity Muscle Activation In Youth Baseball Pitchers, Jacob R. Gdovin, Chip Wade, Lauren A. Luginsland, Charles C. Williams, Riley Galloway, John C. Garner

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

Background: Baseball pitching is a dynamic movement where the lower extremities generate and sequentially transfer energy to the upper extremities to maximize ball velocity. The need for lower body muscular strength to produce adequate push-off and landing forces has been documented; however, the influence footwear and surface inclination has on muscle activation remains unknown.

Objectives: Determine how pitching in molded cleats and turf shoes from a pitching mound and flat ground affects stride-leg muscle activation in youth baseball pitchers while determining percent activation during each pitching phase.

Methods: Cross – sectional study analyzing mean muscle activity and percent activation of …

Meeting The 24-H Movement Guidelines And Health-Related Outcomes Among Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Seven-Country Observational Study, Chunxiao Li, Justin A. Haegele, Fenghua Sun, Maria Luiza Tanure Alves, Stefanie Hwee Chee Ang, Jihyun Lee, Kwok Ng, Isabella Dos Santos Alves, Sean Healy, Wendy Yajun Huang, Pauli Rintala, Jernice Sing Yee Tan, Yandan Wu, Hannah Yang, Eija Kärnä, Hyokju Maeng, André Lisandro Schliemann

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

Background: Meeting daily guidelines for physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration is associated with a host of health indicators for youth. In this cross-sectional observational study, we investigated the associations between adherence to the movement guidelines and health-related outcomes among youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: Parents of youth with ASD (10-17 years) from seven countries and regions were invited to provide online proxy-reports for child's movement behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sleep and screen time), and health-related outcomes (i.e., body mass index [BMI], general health, and quality of life). A series of multiple linear regression analyses were used …

Longitudinal Changes Of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Performance In High School: Association With Individual And School-Based Variables, Xihe Zhu, Justin A. Haegele, Jinting Shao, Summer Davis

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

This study aimed to model adolescents’ cardiorespiratory fitness performance change trajectories longitudinally across high school years and its relation to school- and individual/student-level factors. We employed hierarchical linear modeling to examine longitudinal cardiorespiratory fitness performance changes, as measured by the progressive aerobic capacity endurance run (PACER), over the years, between sexes, and in association with the school-level variables. Participants were 76,227 adolescents from 80 high schools in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. School-level academic performance (SAP), the percent of students eligible for free and reduced-price meals (FARM), and physical education student-faculty ratio were obtained with permission from the …

Family Diabetes Camp Amidst Covid-19: A Community Of Practice Model, Eddie Hill, Rowan Williams, Justin Haegele, Ron Ramsing, Bethany Arrington, Laura Hill

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

Studies have found that youth are experiencing higher anxiety levels than prior to COVID-19, and youth with type 1 diabetes are at higher risk. Medical specialty camps are a type of camp that provide opportunities for youth with chronic illnesses to share common goals, increase socialization, improve camper well-being, and increase knowledge of diabetes management. The program evaluation sought to determine the impact of a campers’ outcomes of independence and perceived competence and familial impact during COVID-19. Over half the participants were at their first diabetes camp and 71% of the campers felt their perceived competence “increased a little bit” …

"Everybody Wants To Be Included": Experiences With 'Inclusive' Strategies In Physical Education, Katherine Holland, Justin A. Haegele, Xihe Zhu, Jonna Bobzien

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

This study examined how students with orthopedic impairments experienced strategies identified in the literature to support ‘inclusion’. An interpretative phenomenological analysis research approach was used, and six students with orthopedic impairments (age 10–14 years) served as participants. Data sources were written prompts, semi-structured, audiotaped interviews, and reflective interview notes. Based on thematic data analysis, four themes were constructed: “It’s kind of embarrassing”: experiences with support; “I don’t want to be different”: equipment, activity, and rule modifications; “I like to be a part of the conversation”: autonomy and choice in PE; and “I would rather be like the other students”: discussing …

Dysregulation Of Biomarkers Of Hemostatic Activation And Inflammatory Processes Are Associated With Adverse Outcomes In Pulmonary Embolism, Iman Darwish, Jawed Fareed, Yevgeniy Brailovsky, Debra Hoppensteadt, Brett Slajus, Emily Bontekoe, Frank De Stefano, Trent Reed, Amir Darki

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

Introduction: The pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism (PE) represents complex, multifactorial processes involving blood cells, vascular endothelium, and the activation of inflammatory pathways. Platelet (P), endothelial (E), and leukocyte (L)-selectin molecules may play an important role in PE pathophysiology. We aimed to profile the biomarkers of inflammation, including selectins in PE patients, and compare them to healthy individuals.

Materials and methods: 100 acute PE patients and 50 controls were included in this case control study. ELISA methods were used to quantify levels of selectins, inflammatory, and hemostatic biomarkers.

Results: In PE patients, levels of selectin molecules as compared to controls convey …

Effect Of Living Arrangements On Cognitive Function In Chinese Elders: A Longitudinal Observational Study, Yanwei Lin, Qi Zhang, Tingxian Wang, Zhirong Zeng

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Objective To examine how living arrangement as a social contextual factor can affect Chinese elders’ cognitive function.

Setting and participants Our sample consists of 2486 Chinese elders from two waves (2014 and 2018) of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) that was administered in 22 of China’s 31 provinces using a multi-stage, disproportionate, purposive random sampling method. The CLHLS aims to better understand the determinants of healthy longevity in China and collects extensive data on a large population of fragile elders aged 80–112 in China.

Outcome measures Cognitive function was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Living arrangement …

Prenatal And Pediatric Oral Health Education Among Dental Hygiene Programs In The United States, Denise M. Claiborne, Shillpa Naavaal

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Purpose: Health care and dental providers must be prepared to address the oral health needs of mothers and children in order to reduce the burden of dental disease in these populations. The purpose of this study was to describe the curriculum and clinical experiences related to prenatal and pediatric oral health in the university and community college dental hygiene programs in the United States (US).

Methods: Dental hygiene program directors (PDs) from across the US were invited to participate in a cross-sectional electronic survey regarding the prenatal and pediatric oral health curriculum at their institution. In addition to program characteristics, …

Vitamin D Level In Relation To Depression Symptoms During Adolescence, Reem Al-Sabah, Abdullah Al-Taiar, Lemia Shaban, Ahmed N. Albatineh, Reem Sharaf Alddin, Praveen K. Durgampudi

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and depression symptoms among adolescents in Kuwait, a country with a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency.

METHODS: A school based cross-sectional study was conducted on randomly selected 704 adolescents in middle schools. Data on depression symptoms were collected using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Data on covariates were collected from the parents by self-administered questionnaire and from adolescents by face-to-face interview. Blood samples were analyzed in an accredited laboratory; and 25(OH)D was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

RESULTS: Of 704 adolescents, 94 (13.35%; 95%CI:10.35-17.06%) had depression …

Preventive Training Program Feedback Complexity, Movement Control, And Performance In Youth Athletes, Hayley J. Root, Eleanor M. Beltz, Julie P. Burland, Jessica C. Martinez, R. Curt Bay, Lindsay J. Distefano

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Context: Preventive training programs (PTPs) reduce injury risk by improving movement control. Corrective feedback is important; however, many cues at once may be too complicated for athletes.

Objective: To compare movement control and long-jump (LJ) changes in youth athletes participating in a season-long PTP, with simplified feedback, traditional feedback, or a warmup of the coaches' choosing.

Design: Cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Soccer fields.

Patients or Other Participants: A total of 420 athletes (simplified feedback = 173, traditional feedback = 118, and control = 129; age = 11 ± 3 years).

Intervention(s): Teams were randomized into the simplified PTP, traditional PTP, …

Not Of Woman Born? Extra-Uterine Destining And The Individual, Social, And Spiritual Implications Of Ectogenesis, Laura Johnson Dahlke

Ph.D. Dissertations (Open Access)

The development of ectogenesis or artificial womb technology is currently ongoing and likely to be in use in the near future. This qualitative study analyzes the potential individual, social and spiritual implications of ectogenesis. It argues that while there may be therapeutic benefits to the artificial womb, it will ultimately result in dehumanization and alienation from the body. While much of the current conversation about this technology addresses the health implications to the fetus and neonate, this dissertation investigates the possible impact of artificial wombs on women. It employs Martin Heidegger’s philosophy of technology as a model to assist in …

Associations Between Eight Earth Observation-Derived Climate Variables And Enteropathogen Infection: An Independent Participant Data Meta-Analysis Of Surveillance Studies With Broad Spectrum Nucleic Acid Diagnostics, Josh M. Colston, Benjamin F. Zaithcik, Hamada S. Badr, Eleanor Burnett, Syed Asad Ali, Ajit Rayamajhi, Syed M. Satter, Daniel Eibach, Ralf Krumkamp, M Imran Nisar, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Diarrheal disease, still a major cause of childhood illness, is caused by numerous, diverse infectious microorganisms, which are differentially sensitive to environmental conditions. Enteropathogen‐specific impacts of climate remain underexplored. Results from 15 studies that diagnosed enteropathogens in 64,788 stool samples from 20,760 children in 19 countries were combined. Infection status for 10 common enteropathogens—adenovirus, astrovirus, norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, Campylobacter, ETEC, Shigella, Cryptosporidium and Giardia—was matched by date with hydrometeorological variables from a global Earth observation dataset—precipitation and runoff volume, humidity, soil moisture, solar radiation, air pressure, temperature, and wind speed. Models were fitted for each pathogen, accounting …