Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Lung Cancer Epidemiology – A Global View, Patricia Tai, Edward Yu, Rashmi Koul, Arbind Dubey

Edward Yu

Smoking, air pollution and radon exposure are causally related to lung cancer. This review analyzes trends of smoking habits by age, sex and ethnicity and their correlation with incidence and mortality of lung cancer. Unfortunately the use of tobacco by adolescents is on the rise. Most developed countries are still showing the rising trend of mortality in female smokers. In Asia, cigarette smoking has become a major health risk with one in three of all cigarettes in the world today are smoked in China. Estimated one hundred million young ( < 29 years old) Chinese smokers will eventually die from lung …

A Comparison Of The Effects Of Intrathecal Ropivacaine And Bupivacaine During Cesarean Section*, Nuray Camgöz Eryilmaz, Berri̇n Günaydin

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To compare the effects of intrathecal plain bupivacaine or ropivacaine with those of opioids on sensory and motor block characteristics during cesarean section (C/S). Materials and methods: Fifty-two ASA I or II women were randomly allocated into 2 groups to administer either 10 mg of 0.5% plain bupivacaine (Group B), or 15 mg of 0.75% plain ropivacaine (Group R) with 25 \mug fentanyl and 100 µg morphine for spinal anesthesia. Characteristics of the sensory and motor block were recorded. Results: The time to achieve sensory block at T_6 was significantly faster in Group B than in Group R (2.7 ± …

Comparison Of The Open Primary Repair With Augmentation And Without Augmentation In Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture, Durmuş Ali̇ Öçgüder, Meti̇n Doğan, Süleyman Bülent Bektaşer, Erkan Akgün, Tolga Tolunay, Mahmut Uğurlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To compare the clinical and the functional efficiency of 2 surgical methods that are used in open primary repair of acute Achilles tendon ruptures: one that utilizes the augmentation of the plantaris tendon and one that does not. Materials and methods: Data were evaluated from 41 patients that underwent surgical repair for acute Achilles tendon ruptures with these 2 different surgery methods. In the first group, which included 21 patients (19 male, 2 female; mean age: 36.8 years; age range: 22 to 49), we performed augmentation with the plantaris tendon after an end-to-end primary repair with a modified Kessler technique. …

Impact Of A Comprehensive Nutrition And Lifestyle Education Intervention On Body Weight And Health-Related Outcomes In Morbidly-Obese Hispanic-Americans Following Laparoscopic Roux-En Y Gastric Bypass, Monica Petasne Nijamkin

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As morbid obesity increasingly affects Hispanic-Americans, the incidence of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedures (RYGB) among this population rises. Prospective research on the impact of postoperative educational interventions focused on Hispanic-Americans is needed to prevent premature weight loss plateau, weight regain, nutritional deficiencies, and relapse of obesity-related comorbidities. This randomized-controlled study evaluated the impact of a comprehensive nutrition and lifestyle education intervention (6 biweekly postoperative sessions that incorporated motivational strategies for behavioral change) as compared to a non-comprehensive approach (printed guidelines for healthy lifestyle). The variables to consider are body weight, obesity-related comorbidities (depression, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and others), nutrient status, physical …

Gastric Duplication Cyst Mimicking Pancreatic Pseudocyst/Hydatid Cyst: A Rare Presentation, Prasad Seetharam, Gabriel Rodrigues

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Congenital gastrointestinal duplications are rare, and gastric duplication cysts are even rarer. Most cases are seldom diagnosed preoperatively. We present a case of gastric duplication cyst, which in preoperative imaging studies mimicked a hydatid/pseudocyst of the pancreas. The diagnosis was made only intraoperatively and was confirmed by histopathological examination of the completely excised cyst.

Donor Tricuspid Annuloplasty During Orthotopic Heart Transplantation: Long-Term Results Of A Prospective Controlled Study, Valluvan Jeevanandum, Hyde Russell, Paul Mather, Satoshi Furukawa, Allen Anderson, Jaishankar Raman

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Background: Development of tricuspid regurgitation after orthotopic heart transplantation can cause heart failure along with renal and hepatic impairment and portends a poor prognosis. If tricuspid regurgitation causes significant symptoms, tricuspid valve repair or replacement is often required. This study was designed to study the effects of prophylactic tricuspid valve annuloplasty (TVA) during orthotopic heart transplantation on long-term survival, renal function, and amount of tricuspid regurgitation.

Methods: Between April 1997 and March 1998, 60 patients (aged 18 to 70 years; 22 female) randomly received either standard bicaval orthotopic heart transplantation (group STD; n = 30) or bicaval orthotopic …

Endoscopic Sphincterotomy With Or Without Cholecystectomy For Choledocholithiasis In High Risk Surgical Patients: A Decision Analysis, Ali Siddiqui, Pradnya Mitroo, Thomas E. Kowalski, David Loren

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Background

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is recommended for patients with choledocholithiasis after ERCP with sphincterotomy (ES) and stone extraction.

Aim: We designed a decision model to address whether ES alone versus ES followed by LC (ES + LC) is the optimal treatment in high-risk patients with choledocholithiasis.

Methods:

Our cohort were patients with obstructive jaundice who have undergone an ES with biliary clearance. Recurrent biliary complications over a 2-year period stratified by gallbladder status (in/out) and age-stratified surgical complication rates were obtained from the literature. Failure of therapy was defined as either recurrent symptoms or death attributed to biliary complications.

Results …

Survival Of Mouse Pancreatic Islet Allografts In Recipients Treated With Allogeneic Small Lymphocytes And Antibody To Cd40 Ligand., David C. Parker, Dale L. Greiner, Nancy E. Phillips, Michael C. Appel, Alan W. Steele, Fiona H. Durie, Randolph J. Noelle, John P. Mordes, Aldo A. Rossini

Dartmouth Scholarship

Combined treatment with allogeneic small lymphocytes or T-depleted small lymphocytes plus a blocking antibody to CD40 ligand (CD40L) permitted indefinite pancreatic islet allograft survival in 37 of 40 recipients that differed from islet donors at major and minor histocompatibility loci. The effect of the allogeneic small lymphocytes was donor antigen-specific. Neither treatment alone was as effective as combined treatment, although anti-CD40L by itself allowed indefinite islet allograft survival in 40% of recipients. Our interpretation is that small lymphocytes expressing donor antigens in the absence of appropriate costimulatory signals are tolerogenic for alloreactive host cells. Anti-CD40L antibody may prevent host T …