Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Syndrome Presenting As Prayer (Confounding Picture With Nonepileptic Seizures), Jose M. Soto Bs, Kailyn Mann Do, Nicholas Dalessandro Do

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Antibiotic-Like Actions Of Vitamin D, Franklin D. Shuler Md, Phd, Josh Hendrix, Adam Short, Sammy Hodroge

Franklin D. Shuler

Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone that has expanding importance for a healthy lifestyle and disease prevention. A multitude of studies have highlighted that vitamin D acts not only in bone and calcium homeostasis but is critically important for human immunity. The discovery that the storage form of vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D3) can be locally converted to the active form (1,25-hydroxyvitamin D3) in immune cells, epithelial cells and numerous other non-renal tissues highlights the importance of maintaining sufficient stores. When responding to a specific external stimulus, like bacterial invasion, intracrine synthesis of active vitamin D has the ability to regulate …

Preventing Falls With Vitamin D, Franklin D. Shuler Md, Phd, Thomas Schlierf, Matthew Wingate

Franklin D. Shuler

Falls are the number one cause for injury-related morbidity and mortality in West Virginia’s seniors. Multiple independent variables contribute to the risk of a fall: previous falls, alterations in balance and vision, impairments in gait and strength, and medications most highly correlate with the risk for a fall. Vitamin D supplementation is emerging as an easy, safe and well-tolerated fall reduction/prevention strategy due to the beneficial effects on the musculoskeletal system with improvements in strength, function and navigational abilities. From meta-analysis data, maximal fall reduction benefit in seniors is achieved when correcting vitamin D deficiency and when using adjunctive calcium …

Noninvasive Quantification Of Alveolar Morphometry In Elderly Never- And Ex-Smokers, Gregory A Paulin, Alexei Ouriadov, Eric Lessard, Khadija Sheikh, David G Mccormack, Grace Parraga

Medical Biophysics Publications

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a way to generate in vivo lung images with contrast sensitive to the molecular displacement of inhaled gas at subcellular length scales. Here, we aimed to evaluate hyperpolarized (3)He MRI estimates of the alveolar dimensions in 38 healthy elderly never-smokers (73 ± 6 years, 15 males) and 21 elderly ex-smokers (70 ± 10 years, 14 males) with (n = 8, 77 ± 6 years) and without emphysema (n = 13, 65 ± 10 years). The ex-smoker and never-smoker subgroups were significantly different for FEV1/FVC (P = 0.0001) and DLCO (P = 0.009); while ex-smokers …

Dynamic Ubiquitination Drives Herpesvirus Neuroinvasion, Nicholas J. Huffmaster, Patricia J. Sollars, Alexsia L. Richards, Gary E. Pickard, Gregory A. Smith

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Neuroinvasive herpesviruses display a remarkable propensity to enter the nervous system of healthy individuals in the absence of obvious trauma at the site of inoculation. We document a repurposing of cellular ubiquitin during infection to switch the virus between two invasive states. The states act sequentially to defeat consecutive host barriers of the peripheral nervous system and together promote the potent neuroinvasive phenotype. The first state directs virus access to nerve endings in peripheral tissue, whereas the second delivers virus particles within nerve fibers to the neural ganglia. Mutant viruses locked in either state remain competent to overcome the corresponding …

Gsk-3Β Regulates Tumor Growth And Angiogenesis In Human Glioma Cells., Peng Zhao, Qi Li, Zhumei Shi, Charlie Li, Lin Wang, Xue Liu, Chengfei Jiang, Xu Qian, Yongping You, Ning Liu, Ling-Zhi Liu, Lianshu Ding, Bing-Hua Jiang

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Glioma accounts for the majority of primary malignant brain tumors in adults.

METHODS: Glioma specimens and normal brain tissues were analyzed for the expression levels of GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β (Ser9) by tissue microarray analysis (TMA) and Western blotting. Glioma cells over-expressing GSK-3β were used to analyze biological functions both in vitro and in vivo.

RESULTS: The levels of p-GSK-3β (Ser9), but not total GSK-3β, are significantly up-regulated in glioma tissues compared to normal tissues, and are significantly correlated with the glioma grades. Ectopic expression of GSK-3β decreased the phosphorylation levels of mTOR and p70S6K1; and inhibited β-catenin, HIF-1α and …

Association Of Adipokines With Insulin Resistance, Microvascular Dysfunction, And Endothelial Dysfunction In Healthy Young Adults., Cindy Cheng, Md, Phd, Constantine Daskalakis

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Proinflammatory adipokines (inflammation markers) from visceral adipose tissue may initiate the development of insulin resistance (IR) and endothelial dysfunction (ED). This study's objective was to investigate the association of five inflammation markers (CRP and four adipokines: IL-6, TNFα, PAI-1, and adiponectin) with IR (quantitative insulin resistance check index (QUICKI)), microvascular measures (capillary density and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR)), and endothelial measures (forearm blood flow (FBF) increases from resting baseline to maximal vasodilation). Analyses were conducted via multiple linear regression. The 295 study participants were between 18 and 45 years of age, without diabetes or hypertension. They included 24% African Americans and …

Role Of The Slingshot-Cofilin And Ranbp9 Pathways In Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis, Jung A Woo

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by two major pathological hallmarks, amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The accumulation of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) is an early event associated with synaptic and mitochondrial damage in AD. Therefore, molecular pathways underlying the neurotoxicity and generation of Aβ represent promising therapeutic targets for AD. Recent studies have shown that actin severing protein, Cofilin plays an important role in synaptic remodeling, mitochondrial dysfunction, and AD pathogenesis. However, whether Cofilin is an essential component of AD pathogenesis and how Aβ induced neurotoxicity impinges its signals to Cofilin are unclear.

In my dissertation studies, we …

Primary Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma Of Kidney With Variant Histomorphologic Features: Report Of 2 Cases And Review Of The Literature., Dilek Ertoy Baydar, Kemal Kosemehmetoglu, Oguz Aydin, Julia A. Bridge, Berrin Buyukeren, Fazil Tuncay Aki

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

The authors present two cases of primary sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) of the kidney. Both patients had a mass in the upper part of the left kidney without any primary extrarenal neoplastic lesions. Grossly, the tumors were solid masses both measuring 7.5 cm in the greatest diameter. Histologically, one of the lesions exhibited a predominantly lobular growth of round or oval small uniform epithelioid cells in variable cellularity. Circular zones of crowded tumor cells alternating with hypocellular collagenous tissue in a concentric fashion around entrapped native renal tubules were distinctive. The second case was distinctive with significant cytological atypia in …

A Tail Of Two Phages: Genomic And Functional Analysis Of Listeria Monocytogenes Phages Vb_Lmos_188 And Vb_Lmos_293 Reveal The Receptor-Binding Proteins Involved In Host Specificity, Aidan Casey, Kieran Jordan, Horst Neve, Aidan Coffey, Olivia Mcauliffe

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

The physical characteristics of bacteriophages establish them as viable candidates for downstream development of pathogen detection assays and biocontrol measures. To utilize phages for such purposes, a detailed knowledge of their host interaction mechanisms is a prerequisite. There is currently a wealth of knowledge available concerning Gram-negative phage-host interaction, but little by comparison for Gram-positive phages and Listeria phages in particular. In this research, the lytic spectrum of two recently isolated Listeria monocytogenes phages (vB_LmoS_188 and vB_LmoS_293) was determined, and the genomic basis for their observed serotype 4b/4e host-specificity was investigated using comparative genomics. The late tail genes of these …

Preserved Haptic Shape Processing After Bilateral Loc Lesions., Jacqueline C Snow, Melvyn A Goodale, Jody C Culham

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

UNLABELLED: The visual and haptic perceptual systems are understood to share a common neural representation of object shape. A region thought to be critical for recognizing visual and haptic shape information is the lateral occipital complex (LOC). We investigated whether LOC is essential for haptic shape recognition in humans by studying behavioral responses and brain activation for haptically explored objects in a patient (M.C.) with bilateral lesions of the occipitotemporal cortex, including LOC. Despite severe deficits in recognizing objects using vision, M.C. was able to accurately recognize objects via touch. M.C.'s psychophysical response profile to haptically explored shapes was also …

Cd151-Α3Β1 Integrin Complexes Are Prognostic Markers Of Glioblastoma And Cooperate With Egfr To Drive Tumor Cell Motility And Invasion, Pengcheng Zhou, Sonia Erfani, Zeyi Liu, Changhe Jia, Yecang Chen, Bingwei Xu, Xinyu Deng, Jose E. Alfáro, Li Chen, Dana L. Napier, Michael Lu, Jian-An Huang, Chunming Liu, Olivier Thibault, Rosalind Segal, Binhua P. Zhou, Natasha Kyprianou, Craig Horbinski, Xiuwei H. Yang

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Glioblastoma, one of the most aggressive forms of brain cancer, is featured by high tumor cell motility and invasiveness, which not only fuel tumor infiltration, but also enable escape from surgical or other clinical interventions. Thus, better understanding of how these malignant traits are controlled will be key to the discovery of novel biomarkers and therapies against this deadly disease. Tetraspanin CD151 and its associated α3β1 integrin have been implicated in facilitating tumor progression across multiple cancer types. How these adhesion molecules are involved in the progression of glioblastoma, however, remains largely unclear. Here, we examined an in-house tissue microarray-based …

“Principal Component Analysis And The Cumulative Gait Index: Translational Tools To Assess Gait Impairments In Rats With Olivocerebellar Ataxia”, Chase Lambert

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Numerous studies suggest that modulation of the cholinergic system through the use of nicotinic agonists can improve motor function in humans or animals with motor disorders. Specifically, although there are no approved therapeutics for patients with ataxia, the nicotinic receptor agonist varenicline has demonstrated efficacy to improve coordination and gait in several groups of patients with different subtypes of ataxia. Importantly, the mechanism underlying the varenicline’s mechanism of action to improve motor function remains to be elucidated. Thus, the purpose of these experiments was to first quantify gait impairments in rats with olivocerebellar ataxia utilizing an objective treadmill-based system to …

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle Treatment Ameliorates Peritonitis-Induced Diaphragm Dysfunction, Shinichi Asano, Ravikumar Arvapalli, Nandini D. Manne, Mani Maheshwari, Bing Ma, Kevin M. Rice, Vellaisamy Selvaraj, Eric Blough

MIIR Faculty Research

The severe inflammation observed during sepsis is thought to cause diaphragm dysfunction, which is associated with poor patient prognosis. Cerium oxide (CeO₂) nanoparticles have been posited to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities suggesting that these particles may be of potential use for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. To investigate this possibility, Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: sham control, CeO₂ nanoparticle treatment only (0.5 mg/kg iv), sepsis, and sepsis+CeO₂ nanoparticles. Sepsis was induced by the introduction of cecal material (600 mg/kg) directly into the peritoneal cavity. Nanoparticle treatment decreased sepsis-associated impairments in …

Real-Time Detection Of Breast Cancer Cells Using Peptidefunctionalized Microcantilever Arrays, Hashem Etayash, Keren Jiang, Sarfuddin Azmi, Thomas Thundat, Kamaljit Kaur

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Ligand-directed targeting and capturing of cancer cells is a new approach for detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Ligands such as antibodies have been successfully used for capturing cancer cells and an antibody based system (CellSearch®) is currently used clinically to enumerate CTCs. Here we report the use of a peptide moiety in conjunction with a microcantilever array system to selectively detect CTCs resulting from cancer, specifically breast cancer. A sensing microcantilever, functionalized with a breast cancer specific peptide 18-4 (WxEAAYQrFL), showed significant deflection on cancer cell (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) binding compared to when exposed to noncancerous (MCF10A and HUVEC) cells. …

Week Of October 5, 2015, New York Medical College

InTouch

• School of Medicine Retreat Focuses on Diversity and Inclusion
• Late 19th Century Prize Microscopes Return to NYMC
• Historic Finds Now on Display in Sunshine Heritage Hall
• NYMC Seeds Selected for the Flu Vaccine
• NYMC Recognizes Three Decades of TB and HIV Lectures
• Meet the Farmers of the Good Food Farmers Network

Plasma Micrornas Are Associated With Atrial Fibrillation (The Mirhythm Study) And Change After Catheter-Ablation, David D. Mcmanus, Kahraman Tanriverdi, Honghuang Lin, Nada Esa, Menhel Kinno, Rosalind Lee, Divakar Mandapati, Stanley Tam, Patrick T. Ellinor, John F. Keaney, Emelia J. Benjamin, Victor R. Ambros, Jane E. Freedman

Victor R. Ambros

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common dysrhythmia in the U.S. and Europe. Few biomarkers exist to identify individuals at risk for AF. Cardiac microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in susceptibility to AF and are detectable in the circulation. Nevertheless, data are limited on how circulating levels of miRNAs relate to AF or change over time after catheter- ablation. Methods: In 211 miRhythm participants (112 with paroxysmal or persistent AF; 99 without AF), we quantified plasma expression of 86 miRNAs associated with cardiac remodeling or disease by high-throughput quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). We used qRT-PCR to examine …

Circulating Micrornas Are Associated With Paroxysmal Or Persistent Atrial Fibrillation, David D. Mcmanus, Jeanine Ward, Amir Y. Shaikh, Khushleen Jaggi, Victor R. Ambros, Jane Freedman, John F. Keaney Jr.

Victor R. Ambros

Introduction: Novel methods of identifying individuals at risk for atrial fibrillation (AF) are needed. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) regulate gene expression in a number of cardiovascular diseases, including AF. It is unknown, however, if key circulating, cardiac-specific miRNAs differ between individuals with paroxysmal or persistent AF and those in sinus rhythm. Methods: 17 individuals with a history of AF were recruited prior to catheter ablation. 24 hospitalized patients in normal sinus rhythm and no history of AF comprised the control group. 94 plasma miRNAs were selected based on a priori associations with processes implicated in AF for evaluation using the TaqMan miRNA …

Pancreatitis Associated With Ttp: A Cause Or Effect?, Shannon Davis Do, Ranjit R. Nair Md, Nicole M. Agostino Do

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

A Case Report Of Enteric Duplication Cyst: A Unique Presentation With Multiple Rare Associations, Arsha Sreedhar Md, Ranjit R. Nair Md, William Scialla Do

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

A Case Report Of An Aggressive Mantle Cell Lymphoma Masquerading As A Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia With Catastrophic Treatment Complications, Ranjit R. Nair Md, Nicholas Lamparella Do

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Fever, Acute Kidney Injury (Aki), Thrombocytopenia & Hemolytic Anemia With Schistocytes – Babesiosis Mimicking Ttp Symptomology, Dhwani Pandya Md, Harshal Shah Do, Timothy Coyle Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Mathematical Modeling And Simulations Of The Pathophysiology Of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Frank K. Nani, Mingxian Jin

Math and Computer Science Faculty Working Papers

The pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is modelled using a coupled system of non-linear deterministic differential equations. An attempt is made to construct to a clinically plausible mathematical model that incorporates the homeostasis associated with endocrinological regulation of glucose and glycogen levels in the human body, by the hormones, insulin and glucagon. The model variables include the concentrations of glucose in the venous blood plasma, the concentration of glycogen in the liver/tissues, the concentration of the hormone glucagon, and the concentration of insulin in the venous blood plasma. The physiological interactions between the model parameters are depicted by …

Carcinogenic Parasite Secretes Growth Factor That Accelerates Wound Healing And Potentially Promotes Neoplasia., Michael J. Smout, Javier Sotillo, Thewarach Laha, Atiroch Papatpremsiri, Gabriel Rinaldi, Rafael N. Pimenta, Paul J. Brindley, +11 More

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

Infection with the human liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini induces cancer of the bile ducts, cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Injury from feeding activities of this parasite within the human biliary tree causes extensive lesions, wounds that undergo protracted cycles of healing, and re-injury over years of chronic infection. We show that O. viverrini secreted proteins accelerated wound resolution in human cholangiocytes, an outcome that was compromised following silencing of expression of the fluke-derived gene encoding the granulin-like growth factor, Ov-GRN-1. Recombinant Ov-GRN-1 induced angiogenesis and accelerated mouse wound healing. Ov-GRN-1 was internalized by human cholangiocytes and induced gene and protein expression changes associated …

We Are… Bridging Medicine And Science, Vol. 1, Issue 4, Fall 2015, Marshall University Biomedical Sciences

We Are... Bridging Medicine Science

No abstract provided.

Parasite Manipulation Of The Invariant Chain And The Peptide Editor H2-Dm Affects Major Histocompatibility Complex Class Ii Antigen Presentation During Toxoplasma Gondii Infection, Louis-Philippe Leroux, Manami Nishi, Sandy El-Hage, Barbara A. Fox, David I Bzik, Florence Dzierszinsk

Dartmouth Scholarship

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite. This apicomplexan is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, a leading cause of central nervous system disease in AIDS. It has long been known that T. gondii interferes with major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) antigen presentation to attenuate CD4(+) T cell responses and establish persisting infections. Transcriptional downregulation of MHC-II genes by T. gondii was previously established, but the precise mechanisms inhibiting MHC-II function are currently unknown. Here, we show that, in addition to transcriptional regulation of MHC-II, the parasite modulates the expression of key components of the MHC-II antigen presentation pathway, …

Advances In The Diagnosis Of Human Opisthorchiasis: Development Of Opisthorchis Viverrini Antigen Detection In Urine, Chanika Worasith, Christine Kamamia, Anna Yakovleva, Kunyarat Duenngai, Chompunoot Wangboon, Jeffrey M. Bethony, +8 Additional Authors

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

Background

Many strategies to control opisthorchiasis have been employed in Thailand, but not in the other neighbouring countries. Specific control methods include mass drug administration (MDA) and health education to reduce raw fish consumption. These control efforts have greatly shifted the epidemiology of Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection over the last decade from presenting as densely concentrated "heavy" infections in single villages to widespread "light" OV infections distributed over wide geographical areas. Currently, the "gold standard" detection method for OV infection is formalin ethyl-acetate concentration technique (FECT), which has limited diagnostic sensitivity and diagnostic specificity for light OV infections, with OV …

Functional Linear Models Extensions Uncover Pleiotropic Effects Of Chronic Pain Phenotypes, Dmitri V. Zaykin, L. Qing, G. D. Slade, R. Dubner, R. B. Fillingim, J. D. Greenspan, R. Ohrbach, W. Maixner, L. B. Diatchenko, Olga A. Vsevolozhskaya

Biostatistics Presentations

Growing scientific evidence suggests that intricate interactions of genetic risk factors with environmental exposures play a major role in the development of chronic pain conditions. In studies of relative contribution of an individual’s genetic composition to the perception of pain, the general characteristics of pain sensitivity are typically measured by a wide range of different, yet possibly etiologically related pain phenotypes. Testing each of these pain-perception traits individually is subject to problems of multiple testing and low statistical power. Furthermore, pain-related traits may share common etiology and comprise binary, categorical, and quantitative measurements. In the current study, we propose a …

Maternal Postsecondary Education Associated With Improved Cerebellar Growth After Preterm Birth., Mikaela L Stiver, Daphne Kamino, Ting Guo, Angela Thompson, Emma G Duerden, Margot J Taylor, Emily W Y Tam

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

The preterm cerebellum is vulnerable to impaired development impacting long-term outcome. Preterm newborns (<32 >weeks) underwent serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. The association between parental education and cerebellar volume at each time point was assessed, adjusting for age at scan. In 26 infants, cerebellar volumes at term (P = .001), but not birth (P = .4), were associated with 2-year volumes. For 1 cm(3) smaller cerebellar volume (4% total volume) at term, the cerebellum was 3.18 cm(3) smaller (3% total volume) by 2 years. Maternal postsecondary education was not associated with cerebellar volume at term (P = .16). Maternal …

Effects Of Adipocyte Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Deficiency On Pcb-Induced Disruption Of Glucose Homeostasis In Lean And Obese Mice, Nicki A. Baker, Robin Shoemaker, Victoria English, Nika Larian, Manjula Sunkara, Andrew J. Morris, Mary Walker, Frederique Yiannikouris, Lisa A. Cassis

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) promote adipocyte inflammation and impair glucose homeostasis in lean mice. The diabetes-promoting effects of lipophilic PCBs have been observed only during weight loss in obese mice. The molecular mechanisms linking PCB exposures to impaired glucose metabolism are unclear.

OBJECTIVES: In this study we tested the hypothesis that coplanar PCBs act at adipocyte aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs) to promote adipose inflammation and impair glucose homeostasis in lean mice and in obese mice during weight loss.

METHODS AND RESULTS: PCB-77 administration impaired glucose and insulin tolerance in LF (low fat diet)-fed control (AhR^fl/fl) mice …