Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Comparative Study Of Guanidine-, Acetamidine- And Urea-Based Chloroaluminate Electrolytes For An Aluminum Battery, Iwan Sumarlan, Anand Kunverji, Anthony J Lucio, A Robert Hillman, Karl S Ryder

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aluminum-based batteries are a promising alternative to lithium-ion as they are considered to be low-cost and more friendly to the environment. In addition, aluminum is abundant and evenly distributed across the globe. Many studies and Al battery prototypes use imidazolium chloroaluminate electrolytes because of their good rheological and electrochemical performance. However, these electrolytes are very expensive, and so cost is a barrier to industrial scale-up. A urea-based electrolyte, AlCl3:Urea, has been proposed as an alternative, but its performance is relatively poor because of its high viscosity and low conductivity. This type of electrolyte has become known as an ionic liquid …

Integrated Molecular And Multiparametric Mri Mapping Of High-Grade Glioma Identifies Regional Biologic Signatures, Leland S Hu, Fulvio D'Angelo, Taylor M Weiskittel, Francesca P Caruso, Shannon P Fortin Ensign, Mylan R Blomquist, Matthew J Flick, Lujia Wang, Christopher P Sereduk, Kevin Meng-Lin, Gustavo De Leon, Ashley Nespodzany, Javier C Urcuyo, Ashlyn C Gonzales, Lee Curtin, Erika M Lewis, Kyle W Singleton, Timothy Dondlinger, Aliya Anil, Natenael B Semmineh, Teresa Noviello, Reyna A Patel, Panwen Wang, Junwen Wang, Jennifer M Eschbacher, Andrea Hawkins-Daarud, Pamela R Jackson, Itamar S Grunfeld, Christian Elrod, Gina L Mazza, Sam C Mcgee, Lisa Paulson, Kamala Clark-Swanson, Yvette Lassiter-Morris, Kris A Smith, Peter Nakaji, Bernard R Bendok, Richard S Zimmerman, Chandan Krishna, Devi P Patra, Naresh P Patel, Mark Lyons, Matthew Neal, Kliment Donev, Maciej M Mrugala, Alyx B Porter, Scott C Beeman, Todd R Jensen, Kathleen M Schmainda, Yuxiang Zhou, Leslie C Baxter, Christopher L Plaisier, Jing Li, Hu Li, Anna Lasorella, C Chad Quarles, Kristin R Swanson, Michele Ceccarelli, Antonio Iavarone, Nhan L Tran

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Sampling restrictions have hindered the comprehensive study of invasive non-enhancing (NE) high-grade glioma (HGG) cell populations driving tumor progression. Here, we present an integrated multi-omic analysis of spatially matched molecular and multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) profiling across 313 multi-regional tumor biopsies, including 111 from the NE, across 68 HGG patients. Whole exome and RNA sequencing uncover unique genomic alterations to unresectable invasive NE tumor, including subclonal events, which inform genomic models predictive of geographic evolution. Infiltrative NE tumor is alternatively enriched with tumor cells exhibiting neuronal or glycolytic/plurimetabolic cellular states, two principal transcriptomic pathway-based glioma subtypes, which respectively demonstrate …

National Survey On The Availability Of Oncology Palliative Care Services At Tertiary General And Cancer Hospitals In China, Xiaomei Li, Xin Shelley Wang, Haili Huang, Miao Liu, Yinan Wu, Jiaojiao Qiu, Boran Zhang, Linhong Cui, David Hui

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: This nationwide survey studied the level of palliative care (PC) access for Chinese patients with cancer among cancer care providers either in tertiary general hospitals or cancer hospitals in China.

Methods: Using a probability-proportionate-to-size method, we identified local tertiary general hospitals with oncology departments to match cancer hospitals at the same geographic area. A PC program leader or a designee at each hospital reported available PC services, including staffing, inpatient and outpatient services, education, and research, with most questions adapted from a previous national survey on PC. The primary outcome was availability of a PC service.

Results: Most responders …

Cell-Based Experimental Evidence To The Anti-Covid-19 Potential Of Ashwagandha And Honeybee Propolis Ingredients, Renu Wadhwa, Durai Sundar, Yoshiyuki Ishida, Keiji Terao, Sunil C. Kaul

Research Symposium

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic emerged in December 2019 by a novel strain of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) has led to new endeavours in repurposing of existing drugs, anti-COVID-19 vaccine and drug development. Natural products, due to their general safety and wider availability, have attracted research and public attention. In this study, we report anti-COVID potential of compounds from honeybee propolis and Ayurvedic herb, Ashwagandha. Effect of active ingredients was studied on human cell surface receptors (ACE-2:Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2/Spike protein and TMPRSS2:Transmembrane Protease Serine 2), critical for virus infection and virus main protease (Mpro, essential for virus replication), …

Dpyd Pathogenic Variants Associated With Fluoropyrimidines Toxicity, Diana Cristina Pérez-Ibave, Noé Israel Oliva-García, Irasema Ramos-Martínez, Francisco Javier Villarreal Alvarado, Valeria Jimena Gómez Ordaz, Jonatán Isaí Cortes Alfaro, Carlos Horacio Burciaga-Flores, Juan Francisco González-Guerrero, Oscar Vidal-Gutiérrez, Maria De Lourdes Garza-Rodriguez

Research Symposium

Background: Genetic variants in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene (DPYD) coding for the key enzyme (DPD) of fluoropyrimidines (FPs) catabolism. DPYD contributes to the development of severe FPs-related toxicity, and pathogenic DPYD variants detection reduces side effects and complications associated with FP-toxicity. The allelic frequency of these variants in the Mexican population is currently unknown.

Methods: The study was carried out at the Centro Universitario Contra el Cáncer (CUCC) of the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) in Monterrey México. Genomic DNA was isolated from 154 subjects using the QIAamp DNA Blood Midi kit (QIAGEN) following the manufacturer's recommendations. We …

Differential Cortical Monoamines Release During Exercise In Rats Chronically Implanted With Microdialysis Probes, Christine G. Gerin

Research Symposium

Physical exercise is known to positively influence mood, to reduce anxiety and to improve reaction to stress. Cerebral monoaminergic systems are thought to underly the neurochemical influence of exercise on mood and behavior. We hypothesized that beneficial effects of exercise can be shown by variations of neurotransmitters release in the cerebral cortex. We aimed at demonstrating that there is a temporal relationship between release of plasma and cerebral monoamines (A, NA, 5-HT, DA) and spontaneous running exercise in rats. Ten Spague Dawley rats (250 g) were chronically implanted (for up to 39 days) with a left common carotid cannula and …

Principles Of Chemistry Ii, Janet L. Shaw

KSU Distinguished Course Repository

Second course in a two-semester sequence covering the fundamental principles and applications of chemistry designed for science majors.

With a pre-requisite of CHEM 1211: Principles of Chemistry I, this course is part of a two-semester sequence covering principles and applications of chemistry. The course is designed to help students apply simplified models to complex systems to build critical thinking and problem-solving skills. A major goal of this course is to help students become self-directed learners thereby preparing them for whatever career path they choose. Although designed for science majors who typically complete the course during their freshman year, pre-health majors …

Repurposing Normal Chromosomal Microarray Data To Harbor Genetic Insights Into Congenital Heart Disease, Nephi Walton, Hoang Nguyen, Sara Procknow, Darren Johnson, Alexander Anzelmi, Patrick Jay

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

About 15% of congenital heart disease (CHD) patients have a known pathogenic copy number variant. The majority of their chromosomal microarray (CMA) tests are deemed normal. Diagnostic interpretation typically ignores microdeletions smaller than 100 kb. We hypothesized that unreported microdeletions are enriched for CHD genes. We analyzed "normal" CMAs of 1762 patients who were evaluated at a pediatric referral center, of which 319 (18%) had CHD. Using CMAs from monozygotic twins or replicates from the same individual, we established a size threshold based on probe count for the reproducible detection of small microdeletions. Genes in the microdeletions were sequentially filtered …

Differential Effects Of Pancreatic Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Driving A Suppressive Environment, Anurag Purushothaman, Jacqueline Oliva-Ramírez, Warapen Treekitkarnmongkol, Deivendran Sankaran, Mark W Hurd, Nagireddy Putluri, Anirban Maitra, Cara Haymaker, Subrata Sen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells display extensive crosstalk with their surrounding environment to regulate tumor growth, immune evasion, and metastasis. Recent advances have attributed many of these interactions to intercellular communication mediated by small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), involving cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). To explore the impact of sEVs on monocyte lineage transition as well as the expression of checkpoint receptors and activation markers, peripheral blood monocytes from healthy subjects were exposed to PDAC-derived sEVs. Additionally, to analyze the role of sEV-associated HA in immune regulation and tissue-resident fibroblasts, monocytes and pancreatic stellate cells were cultured in the presence of PDAC sEVs …

Antibodies To Coagulase Of Staphylococcus Aureus Crossreact To Efb And Reveal Different Binding Of Shared Fibrinogen Binding Repeats, Federico Bertoglio, Ya-Ping Ko, Sheila Thomas, Liliana Giordano, Francesca Romana Scommegna, Doris Meier, Saskia Polten, Marlies Becker, Srishtee Arora, Michael Hust, Magnus Höök, Livia Visai

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Staphylococcus aureus pathology is caused by a plethora of virulence factors able to combat multiple host defence mechanisms. Fibrinogen (Fg), a critical component in the host coagulation cascade, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this bacterium, as it is the target of numerous staphylococcal virulence proteins. Amongst its secreted virulence factors, coagulase (Coa) and Extracellular fibrinogen-binding protein (Efb) share common Fg binding motives and have been described to form a Fg shield around staphylococcal cells, thereby allowing efficient bacterial spreading, phagocytosis escape and evasion of host immune system responses. Targeting these proteins with monoclonal antibodies thus represents a …

Author Correction: Synthetic Oct-A Blood Vessel Maps Using Fundus Images And Generative Adversarial Networks, Ivan Coronado, Samiksha Pachade, Emanuele Trucco, Rania Abdelkhaleq, Juntao Yan, Sergio Salazar-Marioni, Amanda Jagolino-Cole, Mozhdeh Bahrainian, Roomasa Channa, Sunil A Sheth, Luca Giancardo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Physical Inactivity On Glucose Metabolism And Skeletal Muscle Secretions In Healthy Trained Rats And Potential Counteracting Effects Of Exercise And Protocatechuic Acid, Hira Shakoor

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

Modern societies have significantly transformed people's lifestyles, leading to a substantial increase in physical inactivity, which concerns 23% of adults and 81% of adolescents worldwide. Physical inactivity is a major factor contributing to the emergence of chronic diseases, most prominently Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), which exhibits a high prevalence in many countries. T2D is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to cells’ responsiveness to insulin. The shift towards inactivity likely occurred more rapidly than the genome's capacity to adapt, resulting in the metabolic dysfunctions underlying the development of T2D. Skeletal muscle is crucial in the onset of these metabolic …

Identification Of The Functional Domain Of The Dense Core Vesicle Biogenesis Factor Hid-1, Blake H. Hummer, Theodore Carter, Breanna L. Sellers, Jenna D. Triplett, Cedric S. Asensio

Biological Sciences: Faculty Scholarship

Large dense core vesicles (LDCVs) mediate the regulated release of neuropeptides and peptide hormones. HID-1 is a trans-Golgi network (TGN) localized peripheral membrane protein contributing to LDCV formation. There is no information about HID-1 structure or domain architecture, and thus it remains unknown how HID-1 binds to the TGN and performs its function. We report that the N-terminus of HID-1 mediates membrane binding through a myristoyl group with a polybasic amino acid patch but lacks specificity for the TGN. In addition, we show that the C-terminus serves as the functional domain. Indeed, this isolated domain, when tethered to the TGN, …

Tmem27 Suppresses Tumor Development By Promoting Ret Ubiquitination, Positioning, And Degradation, Qianjin Guo, Zi-Ming Cheng, Hector Gonzalez-Cantú, Matthew Rotondi, Gabriela Huelgas-Morales, Purushoth Ethiraj, Zhijun Qiu, Jonathan Lefkowitz, Wan Song, Bethany N Landry, Hector Lopez, Cynthia M Estrada-Zuniga, Shivi Goyal, Mohammad Aasif Khan, Timothy J Walker, Exing Wang, Faqian Li, Yanli Ding, Lois M Mulligan, Ricardo C T Aguiar, Patricia L M Dahia

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The TMEM127 gene encodes a transmembrane protein of poorly known function that is mutated in pheochromocytomas, neural crest-derived tumors of adrenomedullary cells. Here, we report that, at single-nucleus resolution, TMEM127-mutant tumors share precursor cells and transcription regulatory elements with pheochromocytomas carrying mutations of the tyrosine kinase receptor RET. Additionally, TMEM127-mutant pheochromocytomas, human cells, and mouse knockout models of TMEM127 accumulate RET and increase its signaling. TMEM127 contributes to RET cellular positioning, trafficking, and lysosome-mediated degradation. Mechanistically, TMEM127 binds to RET and recruits the NEDD4 E3 ubiquitin ligase for RET ubiquitination and degradation via TMEM127 C-terminal PxxY motifs. Lastly, increased cell …

Axl-Initiated Paracrine Activation Of Pstat3 Enhances Mesenchymal And Vasculogenic Supportive Features Of Tumor-Associated Macrophages, Chia-Nung Hung, Meizhen Chen, Daniel T Dearmond, Cheryl H-L Chiu, Catherine A Limboy, Xi Tan, Meena Kusi, Chih-Wei Chou, Li-Ling Lin, Zhao Zhang, Chiou-Miin Wang, Chun-Liang Chen, Kohzoh Mitsuya, Pawel A Osmulski, Maria E Gaczynska, Nameer B Kirma, Ratna K Vadlamudi, Don L Gibbons, Steve Warner, Andrew J Brenner, Daruka Mahadevan, Joel E Michalek, Tim H-M Huang, Josephine A Taverna

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are integral to the development of complex tumor microenvironments (TMEs) and can execute disparate cellular programs in response to extracellular cues. However, upstream signaling processes underpinning this phenotypic plasticity remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that concordant AXL-STAT3 signaling in TAMs is triggered by lung cancer cells or cancer-associated fibroblasts in the cytokine milieu. This paracrine action drives TAM differentiation toward a tumor-promoting "M2-like" phenotype with upregulation of CD163 and putative mesenchymal markers, contributing to TAM heterogeneity and diverse cellular functions. One of the upregulated markers, CD44, mediated by AXL-IL-11-pSTAT3 signaling cascade, enhances macrophage ability to …

Revisiting The Master Food Volunteer Program: Examining How To Enhance Nutrition Education In The United States, Stacey Viera, Lindsey Haynes-Maslow

Journal of Extension

America’s diet-related illness crisis intersects with a lack of nutrition literacy, nutrition security, and systemic inequities. The Cooperative Extension Service’s (CES) national infrastructure could potentially provide equitable access to quality nutrition education in the US utilizing a Master Food Volunteer (MFV) model. This research brief examined preliminary evidence for the MFV model as a support for CES agents and paraprofessionals, and results show a paucity of evidence. Further research and a pilot program with pre-established measures for health-related knowledge and behaviors could elucidate the model’s potential to increase equitable access to evidence-based programming, nutrition, and implementation guidance.

A Peptide-Binding Domain Shared With An Antarctic Bacterium Facilitates, Cameron J Lloyd, Shuaiqi Guo, Brett Kinrade, Hossein Zahiri, Robert Eves, Syed Khalid Ali, Fitnat Yildiz, Ilja K Voets, Peter L Davies, Karl E Klose

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Cell-Based Screening Of Antistress Activity Of Some Phytochemicals: Identification, Validation, And Relevance To Old-Age Related Pathologies, Huayue Zhang, Sunil Kaul, Renu Wadhwa

Research Symposium

Background: A variety of environmental stresses have been shown to contribute to poor quality of life, tissue dysfunctions and ailments including metabolic disorders, cognitive impairment, and accelerated aging. Oxidative stress (an imbalance between the production and processing of highly reactive oxygen species) is largely associated with these phenotypes. Whereas drug development and disease therapeutics have advanced remarkably in last three decades, there are still limited options for stress management. Since the later can effectively decrease the disease burden, we aimed to screen phytochemicals with anti-oxidative stress activity using cell-based assays.

Methods: Brain-derived cells were subjected to chemical models of oxidative …

Editorial: Sex Differences In The Neurobiology Of Drug Relapse Vulnerability, Daniel F Manvich, Jessica A Loweth, Wendy J Lynch, Jayme R Mcreynolds

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

No abstract provided.

Using Artificial Intelligence To Learn Optimal Regimen Plan For Alzheimer’S Disease, Kritib Bhattarai, Sivaraman Rajaganapathy, Trisha Das, Yejin Kim, Yongbin Chen, Alzheimer’S Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Australian Imaging Biomarkers And Lifestyle Flagship Study Of Ageing, Qiying Dai, Xiaoyang Li, Xiaoqian Jiang, Nansu Zong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder with no specific curative medications. Sophisticated clinical skills are crucial to optimize treatment regimens given the multiple coexisting comorbidities in the patient population.

OBJECTIVE: Here, we propose a study to leverage reinforcement learning (RL) to learn the clinicians' decisions for AD patients based on the longitude data from electronic health records.

METHODS: In this study, we selected 1736 patients from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. We focused on the two most frequent concomitant diseases-depression, and hypertension, thus creating 5 data cohorts (ie, Whole Data, AD, AD-Hypertension, AD-Depression, and AD-Depression-Hypertension). …

Synthesis Of Copper (Ii) Oxide Nanoparticles Using Vitis Vinifera L. Leaf Ex-Tract And Its Application As A Catalyst In Doebner Reaction, Felie Virgayani Kurniawan, Antonius Herry Cahyana, Rika Tri Yunarti

Makara Journal of Science

Plant extracts can be used to synthesize nanoparticle because it is efficient, economical, and friendly to the environment. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were synthesized using an aqueous fraction of Vitis vinifera L leaf extract and Cu(NO₃)₂ solution as a precursor. This fraction contains secondary metabolites as a reduction agent and stabilizing agents to formed CuO NPs. CuO NPs can be used as a catalyst in a chemical reaction, one of which is the Doebner reaction, which is a simple and efficient reaction of aniline, aromatic aldehydes, and pyruvic acid under reflux conditions to produce derivatives quinoline-4-carboxylic …

Chicken Immune Responses To Vaccination By The Avian Influenza Subtype H5n1 Against Avian Influenza, Ramlah Ramlah, Sri Murtini, Retno Damayanti Soejoedono, Ketut Karuni Nyanakumari Natih, Siti Gusti Ningrum

Makara Journal of Science

Avian Influenza (AI) is one of the strategic animal diseases still considered a priority for control by the Indonesian government. This study aimed to examine the immune response of chickens to various types of H5N1 subtype AI vaccines in Indonesia and to determine the correlation of factors influencing the post-vaccination AI antibody response. Serum samples were tested using the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test with the standard AI antigen subtype H5N1 strain A/Chicken/Barru/BBVM/41-13/2013 (Clade 2.1.3) and strain A/Chicken/Semarang/04141225-07/2014 (Clade 2.3.2). Antibody titer was calculated using the Geometric Mean Titer (GMT). The correlation analyses were performed to assess the correlation of antibody …

Transgenic Mice Expressing Functional Tcrs Specific To Cardiac Myhc-Α 334–352 On Both Cd4 And Cd8 T Cells Are Resistant To The Development Of Myocarditis On C57bl/6 Genetic Background, Meghna Sur, Mahima T. Rasquinha, Rajkumar Arumugam, Chandirasegaran Massilamany, Arunkumar Gangaplara, Kiruthiga Mone, Ninaad Lasrado, Bharathi Yalaka, Aakash Doiphode, Channabasavaiah Gurumurthy, David J. Steffen, Jay Reddy

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Myocarditis is a predominant cause of congestive heart failure and sudden death in children and young adolescents that can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy. Lymphocytic myocarditis mediated by T cells can result from the recognition of cardiac antigens that may involve CD4 or CD8 T cells or both. In this report, we describe the generation of T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic mice on a C57BL/6 genetic background specific to cardiac myosin heavy chain (Myhc)-α 334–352 and make the following observations: First, we verified that Myhc-α 334–352 was immunogenic in wild-type C57BL/6 mice and induced antigen-specific CD4 T cell responses despite being …

Mapping The Delineation Of Practice To The Amia Foundational Domains For Applied Health Informatics, Todd R Johnson, Eta S Berner, Sue S Feldman, Josette Jones, Annette L Valenta, Damian Borbolla, Gloria Deckard, Laverne Manos

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: This article reports on the alignment between the foundational domains and the delineation of practice (DoP) for health informatics, both developed by the American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA). Whereas the foundational domains guide graduate-level curriculum development and accreditation assessment, providing an educational pathway to the minimum competencies needed as a health informatician, the DoP defines the domains, tasks, knowledge, and skills that a professional needs to competently perform in the discipline of health informatics. The purpose of this article is to determine whether the foundational domains need modification to better reflect applied practice.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using an iterative …

Hyaluronan Modulated Expression Of Mmps 2, 9, And 12 In Macrophages, Jeffrey S. Miller, Caitlin Howard, Steven P. Jones Phd

The Cardinal Edge

Hyaluronan (HA) is a ubiquitously expressed Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) found as a main component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are class of enzyme responsible for the degradation of multiple ECM components, including HA. Following a myocardial infarction (MI), ECM remodeling occurs in the infarct tissue and involves an accumulation of HA. Remodeling is facilitated by multiple cell types, including macrophages. During post-MI ECM remodeling, macrophages degrade and ingulf dead cells and ECM components, a process which requires the expression of MMPs. MMPs 2, 9, and 12 are known to be elevated post-MI; MMPs 9 and 12 are known …

All-Cause And Opioid-Related Mortality Compared Between Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury And The Us General Population, Jaden Whitehead, Beatrice Ugiliweneza

The Cardinal Edge

Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are susceptible to the misuse of opioids due to the introduction of these substances for pain management. There are very few studies examining the relationship between unintentional deaths caused by opioid usage following spinal cord injury. The objective of this study was to evaluate the trend of opioid-related mortality of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) over the years and compare these findings to the mortality rates due to opioid misuse in the general population. In this study, we used data provided by the National Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems (NSCIMS) for SCI 1999-2016 …

Self-Supervised Deep Clustering Of Single-Cell Rna-Seq Data To Hierarchically Detect Rare Cell Populations., Tianyuan Lei, Ruoyu Chen, Shaoqiang Zhang, Yong Chen

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a widely used technique for characterizing individual cells and studying gene expression at the single-cell level. Clustering plays a vital role in grouping similar cells together for various downstream analyses. However, the high sparsity and dimensionality of large scRNA-seq data pose challenges to clustering performance. Although several deep learning-based clustering algorithms have been proposed, most existing clustering methods have limitations in capturing the precise distribution types of the data or fully utilizing the relationships between cells, leaving a considerable scope for improving the clustering performance, particularly in detecting rare cell populations from large scRNA-seq data. …

Heterochronic Serum Proteins, Jeffrey Mason

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Mechanism of ovarian-dependent enhancement of health and longevity in postreproductive female mice

Social Vulnerability Of The People Exposed To Wildfires In Us West Coast States, Arash Modaresi Rad, John T Abatzoglou, Erica Fleishman, Miranda H Mockrin, Volker C Radeloff, Yavar Pourmohamad, Megan Cattau, J Michael Johnson, Philip Higuera, Nicholas J Nauslar, Mojtaba Sadegh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Understanding of the vulnerability of populations exposed to wildfires is limited. We used an index from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to assess the social vulnerability of populations exposed to wildfire from 2000-2021 in California, Oregon, and Washington, which accounted for 90% of exposures in the western United States. The number of people exposed to fire from 2000-2010 to 2011-2021 increased substantially, with the largest increase, nearly 250%, for people with high social vulnerability. In Oregon and Washington, a higher percentage of exposed people were highly vulnerable (>40%) than in California (~8%). Increased social vulnerability of …

Interpreting Randomized Controlled Trials, Pavlos Msaouel, Juhee Lee, Peter F Thall

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This article describes rationales and limitations for making inferences based on data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We argue that obtaining a representative random sample from a patient population is impossible for a clinical trial because patients are accrued sequentially over time and thus comprise a convenience sample, subject only to protocol entry criteria. Consequently, the trial's sample is unlikely to represent a definable patient population. We use causal diagrams to illustrate the difference between random allocation of interventions within a clinical trial sample and true simple or stratified random sampling, as executed in surveys. We argue that group-specific statistics, …