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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Differential Recovery Of Multimodal Mri And Behavior After Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia In Rats, Kenneth Sicard, Nils Henninger, Marc Fisher, Timothy Duong, Craig Ferris
Differential Recovery Of Multimodal Mri And Behavior After Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia In Rats, Kenneth Sicard, Nils Henninger, Marc Fisher, Timothy Duong, Craig Ferris
Nils Henninger
The association between recovery of brain function and behavior after transient cerebral ischemia in animals and humans is incompletely characterized. Quantitative diffusion- (DWI), perfusion- (PWI), T(2)-weighted (T(2)WI), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) were performed before, during, and up to 1 day after 20-mins transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO; n=6) or sham operation (n=6) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Viability thresholds were employed to calculate diffusion, perfusion, and T(2) lesion volumes. Region of interest analysis was used to evaluate structural and functional MR signal changes within the sensorimotor network, which were then related to corresponding behavioral measures. Post-mortem 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride …
The Ethics Of Animal Research: A Survey Of Pediatric Health Care Workers, Ari Joffe, Meredith Bara, Natalie Anton, Nathan Nobis
The Ethics Of Animal Research: A Survey Of Pediatric Health Care Workers, Ari Joffe, Meredith Bara, Natalie Anton, Nathan Nobis
Nathan M. Nobis, PhD
Introduction: Pediatric health care workers (HCW) often perform, promote, and advocate use of public funds for animal research (AR). We aim to determine whether HCW consider common arguments (and counterarguments) in support (or not) of AR convincing. Design: After development and validation, an e-mail survey was sent to all pediatricians and pediatric intensive care unit nurses and respiratory therapists (RTs) affiliated with a Canadian University. We presented questions about demographics, support for AR, and common arguments (with their counterarguments) to justify the moral permissibility (or not) of AR. Responses are reported using standard tabulations. Responses of pediatricians and nurses/RTs were …
The Ethics Of Wildlife Control In Humanized Landscapes, John Hadidian, Camilla H. Fox, William S. Lynn
The Ethics Of Wildlife Control In Humanized Landscapes, John Hadidian, Camilla H. Fox, William S. Lynn
John Hadidian, PhD
The 21st century is witness to an unprecedented and rapid growth of human settlements, from urban centers to wilderness vacation resorts. Concurrent with this has been the growing tolerance and acceptance of many wild animals and humans for one another. This has created an expanding ‘zone’ of human-animal contacts, some number of which invariably result in conflicts. While the vast majority of our interactions with wild animals are undoubtedly benign, it is the conflict between wildlife and people that draws particularly close attention from the public. Animals viewed as vertebrate “pests” range from the small to the large, the timid …
Parathyroid-Responsive Modifications In The Nuclear Matrix Of Ros 17/2.8 Rat Osteosarcoma Cells, Joseph Bidwell, Andre Van Wijnen, Chaitali Banerjee, Edward Fey, Harold Merriman, Sheldon Penman, Janet Stein, Jane Lian, Gary Stein
Parathyroid-Responsive Modifications In The Nuclear Matrix Of Ros 17/2.8 Rat Osteosarcoma Cells, Joseph Bidwell, Andre Van Wijnen, Chaitali Banerjee, Edward Fey, Harold Merriman, Sheldon Penman, Janet Stein, Jane Lian, Gary Stein
Harold L. Merriman
PTH is a mediator of skeletal development and remodeling that influences gene expression in osteoblastic cells. It is well established that PTH modulates the activity of membrane-associated second messenger signal transduction pathways. In these studies we have addressed the potential contribution of components of cell structure to the integration of PTH-related regulatory signals that influence the expression of bone cell genes. Chronic treatment of ROS 17/2.8 rat osteosarcoma cells with PTH is accompanied by changes in gene expression that are at least in part transcriptionally controlled. To explore the involvement of nuclear architecture in PTH-responsive modifications in gene expression, we …
Subnuclear Distribution Of The Vitamin D Receptor, Joseph Bidwell, Andre Van Wijnen, Edward Fey, Harold Merriman, Sheldon Penman, Janet Stein, Gary Stein, Jane Lian
Subnuclear Distribution Of The Vitamin D Receptor, Joseph Bidwell, Andre Van Wijnen, Edward Fey, Harold Merriman, Sheldon Penman, Janet Stein, Gary Stein, Jane Lian
Harold L. Merriman
The subnuclear distribution of the vitamin D receptor was investigated to begin addressing the contribution of nuclear architecture to vitamin D-responsive control of gene expression in ROS 17/2.8 rat osteosarcoma cells. The nuclear matrix is an anastomosing network of filaments that is functionally associated with DNA replication, transcription, and RNA processing. The representation of vitamin D receptor in the nuclear matrix and nonmatrix nuclear fractions was determined by the combined application of 1) sequence-specific interactions with the vitamin D receptor binding element of the rat bone-specific osteocalcin gene promoter and 2) Western blot analysis. Both methods confirmed the presence of …
The Tissue-Specific Nuclear Matrix Protein, Nmp-2, Is A Member Of The Aml/Cbf/Pebp2/Runt Domain Transcription Factor Family: Interactions With The Osteocalcin Gene Promoter, Harold Merriman, Andre Van Wijnen, Scott Hiebert, Joseph Bidwell, Edward Fey, Jane Lian, Janet Stein, Gary Stein
The Tissue-Specific Nuclear Matrix Protein, Nmp-2, Is A Member Of The Aml/Cbf/Pebp2/Runt Domain Transcription Factor Family: Interactions With The Osteocalcin Gene Promoter, Harold Merriman, Andre Van Wijnen, Scott Hiebert, Joseph Bidwell, Edward Fey, Jane Lian, Janet Stein, Gary Stein
Harold L. Merriman
The nuclear matrix protein, NMP-2, was originally identified as an osteoblast-specific DNA-binding complex localized exclusively to the nuclear matrix. NMP-2 was shown to recognize two binding sites, site A (nt-605 to -599) and site B (nt -441 to -435), in the rat bone-specific osteocalcin gene promoter. This study shows that the NMP-2 binding sites A and B as well as a third NMP-2 binding site (nt -135 to -130) constitute a consensus sequence, ATGCTGGT, and represent an AML-1 recognition motif. AML-1 is a member of the AML transcription factor family which is associated with acute myelogenous leukemia and binds to …
Amphetamine-Induced Decreases In Dopamine Transporter Surface Expression Are Protein Kinase C-Independent, Ekaterina Boudanova, Deanna Navaroli, Haley Melikian
Amphetamine-Induced Decreases In Dopamine Transporter Surface Expression Are Protein Kinase C-Independent, Ekaterina Boudanova, Deanna Navaroli, Haley Melikian
Haley Melikian
Amphetamine (AMPH) is a potent dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) inhibitor that markedly increases extracellular DA levels. In addition to its actions as a DAT antagonist, acute AMPH exposure induces DAT losses from the plasma membrane, implicating transporter-specific membrane trafficking in amphetamine's actions. Despite reports that AMPH modulates DAT surface expression, the trafficking mechanisms leading to this effect are currently not defined. We recently reported that DAT residues 587-596 play an integral role in constitutive and protein kinase C (PKC)-accelerated DAT internalization. In the current study, we tested whether the structural determinants required for PKC-stimulated DAT internalization are necessary for AMPH-induced …