Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques For Chronic Pain In Adults, Neil E. O'Connell, Benedict M. Wand, Louise Marston, Sally Spencer, Lorraine H. De Souza

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Description of the condition: Chronic pain is a common problem. When defined as pain of greater than three months duration, prevalence studies indicate that up to half the adult population suffer from chronic pain, and 10 to 20% experience clinically significant chronic pain (Smith 2008). In Europe 19% of adults experience chronic pain of moderate to severe intensity with serious negative implications for their social and working lives and many of these receive inadequate pain management (Breivik 2006). Chronic pain is a heterogenous phenomenon that results from a wide variety of pathologies including chronic tissue injury such as arthritis, peripheral …

Dietary Patterns And Markers For The Metabolic Syndrome In Australian Adolescents, Gina L. Ambrosini, Rae-Chi Huang, Trevor A. Mori, Beth P. Hands, Therese O'Sullivan, Nicholas H. De Klerk, Lawrence J. Beilin, Wendy H. Oddy

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Background and Aims: Overweight and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) as well as their clustering, or the metabolic syndrome, are increasingly prevalent among children and adolescents. We examined dietary patterns, CVD risk factors, and the clustering of these risk factors, in 1139 14 year olds living in Western Australia.

Methods and Results: Usual dietary intake was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Two dietary patterns, ‘Western’ and ‘Healthy’, were identified using factor analysis. Associations between these dietary patterns and BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting levels of serum glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, HDL C, LDL C, triglycerides …

A Cell Autonomous Role For The Notch Ligand Delta-Like 3 In Αβ T- Cell Development, Gerard F. Hoyne, Gavin Chapman, Yovina Sontani, Sharon E. Pursglove, Sally L. Dunwoodie

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Notch signalling is critical to help direct T-cell lineage commitment in early T-cell progenitors and in the development of αβ T-cells. Epithelial and stromal cell populations in the thymus express the Notch DSL (Delta, Serrate and Lag2) ligands Delta-like 1 (Dll1), Delta-like 4 (Dll4), Jagged 1 and Jagged 2, and induce Notch signalling in thymocytes that express the Notch receptor. At present there is nothing known about the role of the Delta-like 3 (Dll3) ligand in the immune system. Here we describe a novel cell autonomous role for Dll3 in αβ T-cell development. We show that Dll3 cannot activate Notch …

A Comparison Of Field Measures Of Adiposity Among Australian Adolescents From The Raine Study, Paola Chivers, Helen Parker, Beth P. Hands, Lawrence Beilin, Garth Kendall, Max Bulsara

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

This study examined the possible inter-changeability of common proxy measures of adiposity in adolescent 14 year olds from a large cohort. A sample of 1,607 adolescents (n=825 male and n=782 female) was drawn from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. Pearson Product Moment Correlation, Bland-Altman method, and Bland regression were used to determine the level of agreement between common proxy adiposity measures. The Bland-Altman and Bland regression results supported the notion that the two indices (Waist-height-Ratio and Body-Mass-Index) are measuring a similar construct (F = .974, p = .324). However 95 percent limits of agreement differed between the methods …

Consequences Of Increased Cd45ra And Rc Isoforms For Tcr Signaling And Peripheral T Cell Deficiency Resulting From Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L-Like Mutation, Zuopeng Wu, Adele L. Yates, Gerard F. Hoyne, Christopher C. Goodnow

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

CD45 is the most abundant protein tyrosine phosphatase in the plasma membrane of T cells and serves a critical role in TCR signaling. Different CD45 isoforms are made by alternative mRNA splicing depending on the stage of T cell development and activation, yet their role remains unclear. Expression of CD45RA and RC isoforms is increased 20- to 200-fold on T cells from thunder mice with a loss-of-function mutation in the RNA-binding protein, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L-like (hnRNPLL), although total CD45 expression is unaltered. In this study, we test the hypothesis that this shift in CD45 isoform expression alters TCR signaling, …

Body Mass Index, Adiposity Rebound And Early Feeding In A Longitudinal Cohort (Raine Study), Paola Chivers, Beth P. Hands, Helen Parker, Max K. Bulsara, Lawrence Beilin, Garth Kendall, Wendy Oddy

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: This study examined the influence of type and duration of infant feeding on adiposity rebound and the tracking of body mass index (BMI) from birth to 14 years.

Methods: A sample of 1330 individuals over eight follows-ups was drawn from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. Trajectories of BMI from birth to adolescence using linear mixed model (LMM) analysis investigated the influence of age breastfeeding stopped and age other milk introduced (binomial 4-month cut-point). A sub-sample of LMM predicted BMI was used to determine BMI and age at nadir for early infant feeding groups.

Results: Chi square analysis …