Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Methodology Of Physical Exercise: A Proposal And Reliability Of A Questionnaire For Fitness Professionals, Francys Paula Cantieri, Antonio Carlos Gomes, Gustavo Aires De Arruda, Diogo Henrique Constantino Coledam, Edineia Aparecida Gomes Ribeiro, Mauro Virgilio Gomes De Barros, Ágata Cristina Marques Aranha

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Several benefits of physical exercise for health are described in the literature and knowing the methodology adopted by professionals is relevant. Objective: Proposal and analysis of the psychometric properties of a questionnaire on the methodological practice of professionals working in the fitness area. Material and methods: Design: Reproducibility study. Method: The questionnaire was prepared following the steps: search for existing instruments, elaboration of the questions, pretesting (n = 30), face/content validity (n = 5), and reliability (n = 333). The internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha), magnitude of the association between nominal questions (Cramer's V or Phi) and test-retest reliability (Kappa …

Profile Of Sport Competition Anxiety Trait And Psychological Coping Skills Among Secondary School Athletes In Enugu State, South East Nigeria, Tochi Emmanuel Iwuagwu, Joshua Emeka Umeifekwem, Samuel Ndubuisi Igwe, Okechukwu Kingsley Oforka, Oluchukwu Precious Udeh

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The study investigated the profile of sport competition anxiety trait and psychological coping skills (PCS) among secondary school athletes in Enugu State, South East Nigeria. Material/Methods: A total number of 420 secondary school athletes participated in a cross-sectional study. The profile of sport competition anxiety trait and psychological coping skills of the participants were measured using a 46-item questionnaire consisting of three socio-demographic factors as part I, a 15-item Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT) as part II and a 28-item Athletic Coping Skills Inventory (ACSI) as part III. Mean, standard deviation and linear regressions were used for analyses. Results: …

Physical Activity And Depression In Older Adults In Times Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, İnci Kesi̇Lmi̇Ş, Gülten Geçi̇Tli̇, Seda Kavak, Süleyman Kostal, Mehmet Melih Kesi̇Lmi̇Ş

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic that affected the whole world, individuals aged 65 and over were in the group of “leaving home restriction” for a long time. Evaluation of physical activity and depression variables gains importance in the older adults who are physically exposed to inactivity. Methods: The research was conducted on 97 male and 78 female participants aged 65 and over with the “non-probabilistic sampling methods with convenience sampling” method. The Physical Activity Scale for Elderly (PASE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and Katz Activities of Daily Living Scale were used as data collection tools. Results: The difference between physical …

Effects Of Social Isolation Caused By The Covid-19 Pandemic On Changes In Daily Activity: A Case Study Of Physical Education Students, Miroslaw Zalech

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The study sought to describe student time use and to analyse the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic (lockdown) on changes in the time use and their role within the context of health and social aspects. Material & Methods: The research was carried out every year from 2017 to 2020 in the same period of time. The study included 340 students of physical education. In their time budget diaries, the participants noted down the amount of time devoted to activities performed in a typical week. Results: The study showed that during the lockdown, students devoted less time to sports training, …

Factors Of Future Teachers’ Motivation Formation For The Physical Improvement, Anna Hakman, Olena Andrieieva, Vitalii Kashuba, Halyna Bezverkhnia, Viktoria Tsybulska, Mykola Maievskyi, Tetiana Osadchenko, Andrii Semenov, Olena Kljus, Oksana Tsiuniak, Nataliia Nikula, Oleksandr Tomenko

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The article uses factor analysis to obtain an insight into the peculiarities of the motivation for physical improvement of students from the Faculty of Primary Education with different modes of attendance. Material and methods: Analysis and synthesis of references, surveying, psychological testing, pedagogical experiment, and methods of mathematical statistics were applied. The study involved 173 female students (18–22 years of age) of pedagogical profile with full- and part-time attendance. Results: The survey highlighted the motivational factors that affect the involvement of female students of pedagogical profile in physical improvement. The motivational factors for second- and fourth-year female students with …

Effects Of Mental Fatigue On Psychophysiological, Cognitive Responses, And Technical Skills In Small-Sided Games In Amateur Soccer Players, Yusuf Soylu, Ersan Arslan

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of mental fatigue (MF) on the psychophysiological and cognitive responses and technical skills in small-sided games (SSGs) in amateur soccer players. Material and Methods: 18 soccer players played 2vs2, 3vs3, and 4vs4 SSGs under 2 different playing conditions: MF+SSGs and SSGs. The Feeling Scale (FS), Felt Arousal Scale (FAS), Visual Analogue Scale-Anxiety (VAS-A) and Motivation (MTV) were determined after each SSGs bout. A Trail-Making Test (TMT) was also determined in the beginning and at the end of each SSGs. Technical performance was continuously recorded with a camera during all …

The Relationship Between Perceived Freedom, Leisure Involvement, And Happiness Of Individuals Participating In Physical Activities, Emrah Serdar, Duygu Harmandar Demirel

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: ‪‪This study is aimed to determine the relationship between the perceived freedom, involvement and happiness of individuals participating in physical activities. Material and Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 523 members. The Perceived Freedom in Leisure Scale, the Leisure Involvement Scale and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Short Form were used as data collection tools. In analysing the data, independent t-test, ANOVA, MANOVA and Pearson Correlation analysis were used. Results: Independent t-Test results determined a significant difference between OHQ-SF scores according to the participants’ gender. MANOVA analysis result showed that the main effect of the gender variable on …

Effect Of Mental Toughness On Sporting Performance: Review Of Studies, Monika Guszkowska, Katarzyna Wojcik

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

The aim of the present review was to establish the correlation between mental toughness and sporting performance based on the results of studies published in scientific journals between 2000 and 2020. The keywords mental toughness and performance/outcomes/results/ competition were used to identify the papers. The search included the EBSCO and PubMed databases. Eventually, the analysis covered 18 articles. The research results presented in 16 papers confirmed the positive correlations of mental toughness with sport results and performance level. No such relationship was found only in equestrian and Alpine skiing athletes. Although mental toughness in basketball players did not correlate with …

Methods Of Education Of High-Speed Qualities Of Children 14-15 Years Old (Teenagers), Norboev Komiljon, Eshberdiev Olim

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

PurposeTo study the general state of involvement of schoolchildren in mass sports, to determine the effectiveness of a set of special exercises designed to develop the dexterity of a 14-15-year-old student in children's and youth sports schools (youth sports schools).

Methods: The level of children's need and interest in mass sports was determined by a pedagogical and psychological survey. Based on the specifics of the problems studied in the study, taking into account the availability of equipment and the level of professional training, the availability of scientific materials, the following pedagogical methods were used in the study. Analysis of scientific …

A Guide To Common Nutrition, Troy Scheer

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

The purpose of this project was to use the knowledge I have gained through my undergraduate courses and apply it in a format that would be beneficial for the average consumer. This project was researched, written, and designed to be accessible by someone without a background in science or nutrition with the goal of educating the reader of some basic nutrition principles. With this knowledge, it is my hope that the reader will be able to make better nutritional choices and liver a longer and healthier lifestyle by first learning how to choose the right foods. While putting this project …

The Last Conversation, Muhammad Ismail Khalid Yousaf

Journal of Wellness

The brain-death exam is one of the most sensitive undertakings for a physician, especially a neurologist, because of its social and legal implications. It is the vital examination establishing a clear lack of meaningful vitals, allowing a family to mark the end of a journey and a life finally complete. Physicians who perform and establish this death-decision must ensure they are au courant with the family's sentiments and concerns. It would behoove this obligated physician to bear in mind that it is a human being who will go through this invasive and rough exam. This comatose person is a father …

Coronavirus Update 3-10-22, The Coronavirus Planning Team

University Briefings & Virtual Events

As you know, the deadline for employees to receive a booster shot was March 1, and the deadline for students is March 15. Anyone who has received an exemption or has not complied with the booster deadline will need to be tested weekly throughout the remainder of the semester. We also recommend that those who have not been vaccinated and/or received a booster wear a mask indoors.

Employment With The Northwest Territories Aquatics Program: A Significant Life Event?, Sebastien Denize, Audrey R. Giles

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

For over 60 years, the Northwest Territories Aquatics Program (NWTAP) has employed university students from southern Canada with little to no exposure to northern Canada to run seasonal swimming pools and waterfronts in isolated northern communities. In this article, we examine the impact that working for this program had on nine former employees’ lives and whether or not working for the NWTAP could be categorized as a significant life experience. We used thematic analysis of the data from retrospective semi-structured interviews and open-ended questionnaires and identified four themes: (1) employment by the NWTAP enhanced the employees’ self-confidence, independence, and self-efficacy; …

Content, Construct, And Criterion Validity, Reliability, And Objectivity For Aquatic Readiness Assessment For Brazilian Children, Nadia C. Valentini, Keila R G Pereira, Glauber C. Nobre

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The Aquatic Readiness Assessment (ARA) is an assessment instrument for measuring children's aquatic readiness. The objective of the study was to translate the English version into Portuguese and to investigate the content, construct, and criterion validity as well as the reliability and rater objectivity of the ARA for Brazilian children. Twenty-three professionals and 464 children, newborn to 13 years-old participated in the study. We found strong content (94% to 100% of judges’ agreement) and criterion validity, internal consistency (α from .96 to .97), and inter-rater objectivity (ICC from .81 to .98), and test-retest reliability (ICC from .94 to .98). Appropriate …

Ability Of Lifeguards To Detect Submerged Manikins In Public Swimming Pool Environments, Élie Vignac, Pascal Lebihain, Brice Guignard, Natacha Heutte, Loic Le Minor, Bastien Soulé

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

To prevent drownings in public swimming pools (PSP), French legislation requires constant surveillance by state-certified lifeguards. While previous research showed that surveillance was not always effective, this article focuses on efficiency of surveillance when it is effective. We evaluated the ability of 4 volunteer professional lifeguards to detect a submerged manikin under controlled conditions. One hundred and eight (108) tests were carried out in 2 PSP. Four variables were controlled (i.e., distance, depth, surveillance station, attendance). Our results showed that rapid drowning detection was not exclusively linked to the individual detection capabilities of a lifeguard, but rather it emerged from …

Re-Joining Formal Schooling After A Postpartum Hiatus: Experiences Of Teenage Mothers Of Zanzibar, Elliott P. Niboye

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The lack of nuanced understanding of how teens undertake their triple roles as mothers, parents and student is prevalent in Tanzania. This article highlights the plight of teenage mothers who are readmitted back to formal schooling in Zanzibar. Four objectives guided this study. The first was to determine the age at which most teenage girls fall pregnant,; second, how long do teen mothers take to return to school after delivery; third, the challenges that teenage mothers encounters when they re-join schooling; and lastly, the coping strategies used by teen mothers to overcome challenges encountered after re joining school. Public rapid …

Understanding Queer Women’S Satisfaction With Healthcare Providers: The Role Of Positive Lgb Identity And Communication, Maddie Luebe

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

Much research has explored the negative effects of having a queer identity in healthcare, such as stigmatization and discrimination, but little research examined the potential benefits of a positive LGBTQ identity in healthcare. This study investigated the relationship between having a positive LGBTQ identity and provider satisfaction through comfort communicating with a provider. This study also considered the potential effect of participants’ fear of provider heterosexism in this relationship. Survey data were collected from 506 queer-identified women in the United States. Using moderated mediation, results found that more positive feelings associated with one’s queer identity was associated with increased comfort …

Trauma In The Classroom, Dr. Kaylin Coody Coody

National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Conference

When looking at recent literature, it's clear that many students currently in school have experienced various levels of trauma, negatively impacting the social, emotional and academic progress. This session will review these specifics, with attendees have an understanding of trauma and strategies to support students in need.

The Relationship Between Perceived Health Outcomes Of Recreation, Exercise Dependence, And Life Satisfaction: A Study With Fitness Center Members, Emrah Serdar

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived health outcomes of recreation, exercise dependence, and life satisfaction among fitness center members. Material and methods: The study sample consisted of 490 participants, 336 males, and 154 females, who were members of a private fitness center in Istanbul. The participants were selected using a purposeful sampling method. Data collection tools included the Perceived Health Outcomes of Recreation Scale, developed by Gomez et al. and adapted to Turkish by Yerlisu Lapa et al., the Exercise Dependence-21 Scale, developed by Hausenblans and Downs and adapted by Gürbüz and Aşçı and the Life …

Avoiding Isolation: Physical Activity For Persons With Disabilities And Covid-19, Pelin Aksen-Cengizhan, Ali Ahmet Doğan, Özkan Işık

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

It was aimed in this article to draw attention to the following issues: the importance of issuing guidelines on what countries can or should do in order for individuals with disabilities to maintain their daily exercises or physical activity routines, and informing the public about it; the importance of considering the needs of a person with disabilities in emergency preparedness and response plans of the countries affected by the Covid-19 pandemic; the importance of the dissemination of public health messages in plain language and accessible formats through all mass media channels; the importance of providing psychosocial support to persons with …

The Investigation Of The Relationship Between Perceived Freedom And Brief Resilience: The Role Of Participation In Physical Activity, Tülay Avcı Taşkıran, Bülent Gürbüz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: This study was designed to examine the relationship between perceived freedom in leisure and psychological resilience of university staff. Material and Methods: The sample group of the study was composed of 189 academic and 81 administrative university staff (Mage=36.11±7.34). Participants were assessed based on the “Perceived Freedom in Leisure Scale (T-PFLS)” and the “Brief Resilience Scale (T-BRS)”. ANOVA, independent samples t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis methods were used to analyze the data. Results: T-test analysis indicated that there was no significant difference between the mean scores of “T-PFLS”; however, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores …

Too Masculine For Healthcare, Too Feminine For Intense Sports: Correlation Between Gender Conformity And Pro-Health Behaviours, Aleksandra Pawlowska, Kornelia Lipowska, Daniel Krokosz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The goal of this paper is to examine to what extent levels of femininity and masculinity are associated with practicing several types of health behaviours among individuals who are physically active and inactive. Material/Methods: A total of 559 individuals aged between 35 and 45 (M = 39.4; SD = 3.2) took part in the study. The inactive group consisted of 211 individuals (n = 85 women, n = 126 men), and the active group consisted of 348 individuals (n = 131 women, n = 217 men). The participants completed the following pen-and-paper questionnaires: the Psychological Gender Inventory, the Health …

Emotional States Of Athletes In The First Lockdown Due To Covid-19: A Comparison Of Polish And Spanish Samples, Dominika Wilczynska, David Alarcon Rubio, Patrycja Sliwinska, Jose Carlos Jaenes

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: The situation of the coronavirus pandemic has affected the lives of many athletes from different disciplines. Therefore, the present study investigated the impact of Covid-19 first lockdown on emotional states and motivation of athletes from Spain and Poland. Material and methods: Polish male (N=24) and female (N=94) and Spanish male (N=81) female (N=95) athletes were investigated. The respondents did online ad hoc questionnaires, namely Emotional and Adaptative reactions during confinement (COVID-19-RECOVID-19), and Profile of Mood States (POMS). Results: Significant differences were observed in training conditions by country, with the Polish sample having higher scores than Spaniards. Stressing thoughts characterized …

Positive Body Image Among Polish Elite Athletes, Aleksandra Budzisz, Krzysztof Sas-Nowosielski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: This study aimed to analyze factors differentiating body appreciation among Polish elite athletes. Material and Methods: Participants were athletes, both men and women (N=408), who completed questionnaire BAS-2. Results: In general, men had a better perception of their body than women (p<0.01). Higher appreciation of the body was visible among women sprinters, opposite to volleyball players (p <0.03). Indirect competition for women was connected to higher body appreciation (p<0.05). Gender and individual/team sport also significantly differentiated appreciation of the body (p<0.02). Furthermore, training frequency in a week differentiated body appreciation (p<0.03), as well as characteristic of sports performance [indoor sports, and higher in water sports (p<0.02)]. Conclusions: Results suggest that not only the common category of the sport type – aesthetic, technical, strength – differentiates the body image. Equally important for differences in body appreciation is also gender, sport discipline, and background of sport training: frequency per week, the character of competition (direct-indirect), individual/non-individual competition, or characteristic of sports performance.

Epigenetic Impact Of The Parents' Physical Activity On The Health Of Their Children, Agnieszka Boron

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

All parents’ dream is to have healthy children. The question whether the parents' lifestyle affects the quality of their progeny's health has been bothering scientists and society for many years. Based on epidemiological studies, it has been shown that physical activity during pregnancy is beneficial both for the health of the mother and the newborn. A significant number of studies conducted so far have shown that exercises performed by fathers modulate future generations by affecting the sperm epigenome. Epigenetics plays a key role in transmitting the response of the parents' environment and their lifestyle onto the characteristics and health of …

Evolution Of Physical Performance In Professional Soccer Across Four Consecutive Seasons, Lukasz Radziminski, Zbigniew Jastrzebski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Main purpose of this research was to investigate the changes of physical match performance in Polish Ekstraklasa across four consecutive seasons. Material and methods: A total of 949 official matches from season 2017/2018 to 2020/2021 were analyzed. Such match running performance variables as total distance, high-speed running, sprinting, and number of high-intensity runs were involved. Each season data were divided into two rounds (spring round and autumn round). Due to the pandemic of COVID-19 additional post-lockdown round (Spring I 2019/2020) occurred. Results: Comparison in the results between Spring 2017/2018 and Spring 2020/2021 indicated significant increases in total distance (2.1%, …

A Comparison Of Balance And Leg Muscle Strength Between Tai Chi And Yoga In Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Mentari A. Jelita, Julia R. Tanjung, Ignatio R. Haryono, Nawanto A. Prastowo

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: There is increasing evidence that practicing tai chi or yoga can improve the elderly’s physical performance. This study aimed to compare the effects of tai chi and yoga on balance and leg muscle strength in the elderly. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 90 elderly persons who practice tai chi (n = 36), yoga (n = 23), and a control group (n = 31). The balance function was assessed using the single-leg stance (SLS) test, while leg muscle strength (LMS) was assessed using a leg-back dynamometer. A Chi-square, Spearman rank test, one-way ANOVA with LSD post hoc were …

The Impact Of Horseback Riding On The Balance Of 7-Year-Old Children, Predrag Ilić, Aleksandra Aleksić-Veljković, Miljan Hadžović

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: This research aimed to determine the impact of horseback riding on the balance ability of first-grade students. Material and methods: Fifty-eight students were divided into two sub-groups: twenty-eight riders and thirty non-riders. The subtest of balance is composed of nine items which were grouped into five variables: Total balance, Static balance, Dynamic balance, and Open and Closed eyes balance. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine the significance of the difference between the groups, and the strength of the effect of intergroup differences was determined using the Cohen criteria. Results: The results showed that there were statistically significant …

Monitoring Of The Physical Health State Among 16–17-Year-Old Female Students, Oleksandr Mozolev

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The results of monitoring the physical health of 16–17-year-old girls who became first-year students of Khmelnytskyi Humanitarian-Pedagogical Academy during 2016–2019 have been analysed in the article. Material and Methods: 1670 female students participated in the research. In the course of the research, the number of people belonging to the main, preparatory and special medical group was determined, as well as those who were exempted from attending physical education classes. Results: The results of the research have found that there is a tendency for an increase in the number of female students exempted from attending physical education classes from 3.17% …

Correlation Between Participation In Physical Activity And Healthy Nutrition: An Example Of A Sports Science Faculty, Yasemin Ari, Ergün Çakir

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: It is important to encourage people to participate in physical activities and to develop motivational approaches to healthy nutrition in order to maintain a healthy life. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between the physical activity levels of university students and their attitudes to healthy nutrition. Material and methods: 392 (153 female and 239 male) university students voluntarily participated in the study. In the study, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN) were used. Results: As a result of the analysis conducted in the study group, in the comparison …