Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Impact Of Cleft Lip/Palate And Clp Surgical Intervention On The Social Integration Of Adolescents In India, Mustafa Zahid

Master's Theses

Cleft Lip/Palate, a congenital orofacial anomaly, carries an incidence rate of approximately 1 in every 1000 births. In addition to the stigma associated with the condition, the varying levels of cleft severity might result in lower life outcomes which could include lower cognitive ability, physical and psychological well-being, social and behavioral outcomes of adolescents. This paper focuses on the social integration element of life outcomes, which is composed of the social inclusion and prosocial behavior of the adolescent. Despite the affordability of restorative surgeries, patients in rural areas of Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) such as India face accessibility and …

Incorporating Oral Health Care In Pediatric Primary Care Practice, Salamatu Yusif

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

The most common chronic disease in childhood is dental caries and is more prevalent than asthma and hay fever (HHS, 2000). Data show that in the United States from 2011-2014, 24% of children aged 2-5 years had experienced dental caries in their primary teeth, with 11% having untreated caries (Dye et al., 2017). Primary care clinicians have an important role to play in promoting children’s oral health as much as dentists because they have more contact with children. The purpose of this evidence-based practice project was to integrate an evidence-based oral health program for children in a pediatric primary care …

Poor Ergonomics And Neck Flexion: Evaluating The Prevalence Of Musculoskeletal Neck Pain In Dental Hygiene Students, Justine E. Stambaugh

Dental Hygiene ETDs

Proper ergonomics are important to minimize operator fatigue and discomfort. Poor ergonomics has been proven to be the leading factor in developing musculoskeletal disorders. Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most important occupational health issues. Studies have been conducted in the past to investigate dental professionals and the risk for developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders and found this occupational group at higher risk. However, research on dental hygiene students is lacking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental hygiene students being affected by musculoskeletal pain in the neck region in early dental hygiene education and if …

Ada News - 05/06/2019, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

The Effect Of Enamel Matrix Derivative/Papilla Reflection Surgery On The Clinical And Alveolar Bone Outcomes In Periodontal Maintenance Patients, Erica E. Jasa

Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine if local application of enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain; EMD), combined with minimally invasive papilla reflection/root preparation (PR/RP), is effective in improving probe depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and interproximal bone height (IBH) in persistent 6-9 mm periodontal pockets in patients on periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT). Fifty periodontal maintenance patients with advanced chronic periodontitis presenting with a 6-9 mm interproximal PD were included in study. Experimental (PR/RP+EMD; n=24) and control (PR/RP+S; n=26) therapies were randomly allocated. Roots were treated with reflection of interproximal papillae, root planing assisted with endoscope evaluation, and acid …

The Effect Of Emdogain Periodontal Regenerative Material On Inflammation In Periodontal Maintenance Patients, Jessica M. Gradoville

Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this double-blinded, randomized, controlled clinical trial was to determine if local application of enamel matrix protein derivative (Emdogain:EMD), combined with minimally-invasive papilla reflection is effective in reducing inflammation in periodontal pockets in patients on periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT).Fifty patients diagnosed with advanced chronic periodontitis presenting with a 6-9mm interproximal probing depth were included in the trial. Experimental (EMD; n=24) and control (saline, n=26) therapies were randomly allocated. Roots were treated with mini-flaps and root planing assisted with endoscope evaluation before EMD or saline application. Inflammation was assessed by bleeding on probing (BOP) at baseline, 6-, and 12-months …

Long Term Functional And Esthetic Outcomes After Fibula Free Flap Reconstruction Of The Mandible, I. Petrovic, R. Blaser, Timothy Blackwell, C. Mccarthy, I. Ganley, S. Patel, P. Cordeiro, J.P. Shah

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Objectives: To report functional and esthetic outcomes, after fibula free flap (FFF) reconstruction of the mandible for oral cancer, assessed by physicians, non-clinicians and patients.

Materials and Methods: Twenty-five long term survivors from oral cancer after FFF reconstruction were recalled for head and neck examination by surgeons and patient reported outcomes, using EORTC, QLQ C-30, H&N-35 and FACE-Q questionnaires.

Results: Physicians reported 64% restoration of functionality compared to normal. Patients reported high scores on QLQ-C30, but lower scores on H&N-35. Esthetic scores were reported higher by clinicians than non-clinicians. The decline in function and appearance was attributed to loss of …

New Dentist News (May 2019), Ada Committee On The New Dentist

New Dentist News

New Dentist News offers timely information on scientific, social, educational, political and economic developments affecting new dentists. This collection is historical and items may not reflect current standards. For up-to-date information contact the ADA. The New Dentist News was alternately titled ADA Lifeline, 1997-June 2001.

Development Of Bar-Peptide Nanoparticles And Electrospun Fibers For The Prevention And Treatment Of Oral Biofilms., Mohamed Yehia Mahmoud

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Periodontal diseases are globally prevalent inflammatory disorders that affect ~47% of U.S adults. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) has been identified as a “keystone” pathogen that disrupts host-microbe homeostasis and contributes to the initiation and progression of periodontitis. Pg associates with oral streptococci in supragingival plaque and this interaction represents a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Previously our group developed a peptide (designated BAR), that potently inhibits Pg/Streptococcus gordonii (Sg) adherence in vitro and Pg virulence in a murine model of periodontitis. While efficacious, BAR (SspB Adherence Region) provided transient inhibition and required higher concentrations of BAR to disrupt established …

New Dentist News (May 2019), Ada Committee On The New Dentist

New Dentist News

New Dentist News offers timely information on scientific, social, educational, political and economic developments affecting new dentists. This collection is historical and items may not reflect current standards. For up-to-date information contact the ADA. The New Dentist News was alternately titled ADA Lifeline, 1997-June 2001.

New Dentist News (May 2019), Ada Committee On The New Dentist

New Dentist News

New Dentist News offers timely information on scientific, social, educational, political and economic developments affecting new dentists. This collection is historical and items may not reflect current standards. For up-to-date information contact the ADA. The New Dentist News was alternately titled ADA Lifeline, 1997-June 2001.

Xerostomia: A Comprehensive Review, Danevin Putrus

Honors College Theses

This thesis will be highlighting the condition known as Xerostomia. Xerostomia is the condition also known as “dry mouth”. This condition affects many people all throughout the world with symptoms causing bad breath, discomfort, difficulty speaking and many other. The seriousness of this condition can lead to cardiovascular disease, dementia, respiratory infections, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and even cancer (Absolutedental.com). Currently there is not any one specific solution for the condition although many have been proposed. Throughout the thesis I will closely examine former research studies, current solutions proposed, and propose my own study and solution based on research and …

Refusing To Treat A Disabled Patient, Michael G. Maihofer Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Regular column featuring ethical guidance and consideration for practicing dentists.

The Q Rule In Bacteriodetes And The Identification And Characterization Of Porphyromonas Gingivalis Glutaminyl Cyclase., John Andrew Houston

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major pathogen associated with chronic periodontitis, secretes variety of proteins, majority of which begins with glutamine. Several of these proteins were found with pyroglutamate (pGlu) at N-terminus suggesting the presence of this posttranslational modification pathway in P.gingivalis. The observation that N-terminal glutamine is over-represented as the first amino acid after signal peptide cleavage, and subsequent confirmation of pGlu formation on the nascent protein via mass spectrometry, led us to conclude that an enzyme must be present as the executor of this reaction. Hypothesis: PG2157 is a glutaminyl cyclase and is responsible for the cyclization of …

Marginal Staining Between Pressed Lithium Disilicate Ceramic Crowns And Direct Restorative Materials By Various Fluids : A Microleakage Study., Sarah Ann Jestel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

When treating patients with existing restorations in which indirect restoration placement is indicated and crown lengthening surgery is contraindicated, dentists may choose to finish the crown margin on an existing restoration. The interface between the two dental restorations (resin composite and ceramic crown) may be more susceptible to microleakage and fluid staining, reducing restoration longevity. In this study, 80 extracted molars received indirect restoration margins finished on different direct restorative materials (resin-modified glass ionomer and conventional, flowable, and bulk fill nano-hybrid resin composite) and subjected to common staining fluids of coffee, tea, red wine, or Coca-Cola. If the clinician must …

Transcriptional Influence Of Retinoic Acid And Its Effects On Angiogenesis Of Murine Salivary Glands., Isaac Feinn

College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses

Salivary gland hypofunction is a major disorder of salivary glands, and can arise either from diseases such as xerostomia, or from defective epithelial morphogenesis during embryogenesis. Hundreds of thousands of individuals suffer from dry mouth, and there is currently no restorative therapy for these patients. Investigation of salivary gland developmental biology will inform regenerative therapies. Currently it is known that retinoic acid (RA), the biologically active form of Vitamin A, is required for proper development of the salivary gland, but little is known about its cellular mechanism regulating organogenesis. This study sought to analyze salivary gland development in Rdh10 knock …

Prevalence Of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans And Fusobacterium Nucleatum Among Clinical Orthodontic Saliva Samples, Jason Robert Klingler

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Changes to the oral microflora occur when there are shifts in the levels of the numerous bacterial species. Changes in bacterial load occur in health, disease, and dental treatments such as orthodontics and can be detected through saliva. Many studies dealing with saliva have centered around detecting bacteria known for correlation with chronic periodontitis and caries. Fewer have focused on bacterial species that contribute to microbial shifts not strictly correlated with disease. Measuring the degree of disease progression or future susceptibility is not always possible with traditional clinical parameters alone.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (AA) is a bacterial strain that serves as …

Comparison Of Antimicrobial Agents Ozonated Olive Oil And Chlorhexidine Gluconate - An In Vitro Study, Amelia David

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Aim: This study was aimed to compare the antibacterial effect of a commercially available OzOO with CHX 0.12% oral rinse solution against periodontal pathogens F. alocis, Aa, S. mitis, and S. mutans using a disk diffusion method.

Materials and Methods:

The antimicrobial agents OzOO and 0.12% CHX were impregnated onto sterile discs and placed onto bacterial cultures of F.alocis, Aa, S.mutans, and S.mitis to evaluate their antimicrobial activity by the disk diffusion susceptibility method. The bacterial growth inhibition zone surrounding each disc was measured in millimeters of diameter with calipers to assess the antimicrobial activity of each agent. …

Complications Associated With Mandibular Fixed Complete Arch Prostheses Based On Implant Distribution, Shivani Karre

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Purpose: The objective of this study is to compare incidence and type of complications associated with mandibular implant supported fixed complete arch prostheses based on implant distribution. Material and Methods: Patient Selection: The retrospective study included data collected from axiUm CE Version 6.05.01.2007 from year July 2007 to July 2018 for all patients treated with mandibular implant supported fixed complete arch prostheses (MISFCPs) at Loma Linda University School of Dentistry (LLUSD). One hundred and twenty seven patient’s charts were reviewed to document implant distribution and incidences of complications associated with each implant distribution groups on MISFCPs. Complications like screw …

Accuracy Of Intraoral Scanners With Different Total Occlusal Convergence Angles: An In-Vitro Study, Brittany M. Pang

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Digital intraoral imaging has become more utilized in contemporary dental practice. This is performed using an intraoral scanner and it can be used as an alternative to making conventional impressions when indicated. This technology has many advantages, such as decreasing the number of appointments by eliminating traditional techniques, along with a reduction of laboratory time and improved patient comfort. The accuracy of intraoral scanners is currently being assessed in various aspects. To our knowledge, no study has yet addressed the accuracy of intraoral scanners in regards to total occlusal convergence (TOC) of complete coverage of anterior and posterior preparations in …

Prevalence Of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Usa: A Pilot Study, Megan Davenport, Andrew D. Welles, Matina V. Angelopoulou, Cesar D. Gonzalez, Christopher Okunseri, Lori Barbeau, Naveen K. Bansal, Rodney Vergotine, Brian D. Hodgson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: This pilot study investigated the prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) in third-grade school children in Milwaukee Wisconsin, USA.

Methods: A convenience sample of third-grade school children in the Milwaukee Public School System (MPS) participated in the study. Calibrated examiners trained on the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) MIH recommendations examined the children between December 1, 2014 and June 30, 2015. Children were examined at their schools using a flashlight and mirror after receiving consent from parents/caregivers and assent from each child. Findings were recorded onto a standardized form by one of five trained examiners. Summary statistics were calculated, …

Dental Age Estimation Of A Southern Nevada Hispanic Non-Adult Population Employing The London Atlas To Evaluate Archival Orthodontic Cone Beam Computed Tomography (Cbct) Images, Haley Buchanan

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Age estimation is of societal importance for legal, forensic, and clinical reasons. The London Atlas of Human Tooth Development and Eruption, hereafter referred to as the London Atlas, was introduced as an improved method for determining dental age estimation. The London Atlas was developed from panoramic images of 528 living British Caucasian and Bangladeshi males and females aged 2 to 24 years and panoramic images of 176 archival human skeletal remains, aged 32 in utero to 2 years old, from two specimen collections (AlQahtani, Hector, & Liversidge, 2010). Further investigation is warranted to determine validity of the atlas’s use in …

Evaluation Of Cervical Spine Posture After Functional Therapy With Twin-Block Appliances: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Adeel Tahir Kamal, Mubassar Fida

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Introduction: It has been postulated that a change in cervical posture occurs as a consequence of forward repositioning of the mandible. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the cervical spine posture between subjects with and without functional appliance therapy.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with the use of pre- and post-functional therapy cephalograms of orthodontic patients. A total of 60 subjects was composed of 2 groups of 30 subjects each: those who underwent treatment with a twin-block (TB) functional appliance and a control group selected from the Bolton-Brush Growth Study. Three sagittal and 7 cervical …

Differential Microrna Expression Of Mir-21 And Mir-155 With Oral Cancer Extracellular Vesicles In Response To Melationin, Matthew Hunsaker, Greta Barba, Karl Kingsley, Katherine M. Howard

Dental Medicine Faculty Research

Objective: Extracellular vesicles derived from oral cancer cells, which include Exosomes and Oncosomes, are membranous vesicles secreted into the surrounding extracellular environment. These extracellular vesicles can regulate and modulate oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression through the horizontal transfer of bioactive molecules including proteins, lipids and microRNA (miRNA). The primary objective of this study was to examine the potential to isolate and evaluate extracellular vesicles (including exosomes) from various oral cancer cell lines and to explore potential differences in miRNA content. Methods: The OSCC cell lines SCC9, SCC25 and CAL27 were cultured in DMEM containing 10% exosome-free fetal bovine serum. …

Systemic Antibiotic Therapy Reduces Circulating Inflammatory Dendritic Cells And Treg-Th17 Plasticity In Periodontitis, Mythilypriya Rajendran, Stephen Looney, Nagendra Singh, Mahmoud Elashiry, Mohamed M Meghil, Ahmed R El-Awady, Omnia Tawfik, Cristiano Susin, Roger M Arce, Christopher W Cutler

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Periodontitis (PD) is a common dysbiotic inflammatory disease that leads to local bone deterioration and tooth loss. PD patients experience low-grade bacteremias with oral microbes implicated in the risk of heart disease, cancer, and kidney failure. Although Th17 effectors are vital to fighting infection, functional imbalance of Th17 effectors and regulatory T cells (Tregs) promote inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigated, in a small pilot randomized clinical trial, whether expansion of inflammatory blood myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) and conversion of Tregs to Th17 cells could be modulated with antibiotics (AB) as part of initial therapy in PD patients. PD …

J Mich Dent Assoc May 2019

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Every month, The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association brings news, information, and features about Michigan dentistry to our state's oral health community and the MDA’s 6,200+ members across the state. No publication reaches more Michigan dentists!. This month's issue features an interview with Dr. Margaret Gingrich, MDA president, the MDA's partnership with TDSC, The Dentists Supply Company, and more on our 100th anniversary celebration.

Microleakage - The Main Culprit In Bracket Bond Failure?, Ioana Roxana Bordea, Adina Sîrbu, Ondine Lucaciu, Aranka Ilea, Radu Septimiu Câmpian, Doina Adina Todea, Teodora Gabriela Alexescu, Maria Aluaș, Corina Budin, Andreea Simona Pop

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Microleakage is the most common cause of bracket debonding. Moreover, different thermal expansion coefficients between the enamel, the adhesive, and the bracket bases will cause repeated expansion and contraction, adding more stress to the bonding strength. Debonding represents the failure of the adhesion between the brackets and the tooth enamel. The debonding of brackets from the enamel surface is the result of several factors, such as acid-etching and drying, adhesive application, and the time and type of photo activation. The under polymerization process of composite photo activation may lead to early bracket debonding. Objective. The aim of this research …

Prevention Of Oral Mucositis In Cancer Patients, Patricia E. Biel

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Oral mucositis [OM] is one of the most severe non-hematological problems related to cancer treatments and can impact quality of life. It is linked to poorer outcomes due to the associated weight loss, pain, dehydration, and risk of developing life-threatening infections. The purpose of this evidence-based practice project was to determine if OM is preventable with the use of an oral care protocol and zinc supplementation when compared to use of oral care protocols alone. The Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model was used to guide project implementation in an outpatient oncology office. Recommendations were developed from an exhaustive review …

Reliability Of Colour And Hardness Clinical Examinations In Detecting Dentine Caries Severity: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Larry Hon, Ahmed Mohamed, Edward Lynch

Dental Medicine Faculty Research

Dental caries is the most common human infectious disease and is caused by microorganisms producing acids, resulting in changes in dental tissue hardness and colour. However, the accuracy and reliability of dentine colour and hardness as indicators for carious lesion severity has never been assessed in a systematic review. By applying strict criteria, only seven papers (five randomized control trials and two diagnostic studies) were considered for full text qualitative and quantitative assessment. Only three studies produced high quality evidence and only four articles were considered for meta-analysis, as these provided log10 colony forming units (CFU) data from caries biopsies …

Ada News - 04/15/2019, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.