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Articles 1 - 30 of 198
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Statin Utilization And Cardiovascular Outcomes In A Real-World Primary Prevention Cohort Of Older Adults, Aaron J. Walker, Jianhui Zhu, Floyd Thoma, Oscar Marroquin, Amber Makani, Martha Gulati, Eugenia Gianos, Salim S. Virani, Fatima Rodriguez, Steven E. Reis, Christie Ballantyne
Statin Utilization And Cardiovascular Outcomes In A Real-World Primary Prevention Cohort Of Older Adults, Aaron J. Walker, Jianhui Zhu, Floyd Thoma, Oscar Marroquin, Amber Makani, Martha Gulati, Eugenia Gianos, Salim S. Virani, Fatima Rodriguez, Steven E. Reis, Christie Ballantyne
Office of the Provost
Background: Statins are a cost-effective therapy for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Guidelines on statins for primary prevention are unclear for older adults (>75 years).
Objective: Investigate statin utility in older adults without ASCVD events, by risk stratifying in a large healthcare network.
Methods: We included 8,114 older adults, without CAD, PVD or ischemic stroke. Statin utilization based on ACC/AHA 10-year ASCVD risk calculation, was evaluated in intermediate (7.5%-19.9%) and high-risk patients (≥ 20%); and categorized using low and 'moderate or high' intensity statins with a follow up period of ∼7 years. Cox regression models were used to …
Acute Coronary Syndrome Patterns In The Young: Risk Factor Profile And In-Hospital Outcomes In A Tertiary Referral Hospital In Kenya, Nadeem Kassam, Mzee Ngunga, Mohamed Varwani, Miriam Msunza, Jeilan Mohamed
Acute Coronary Syndrome Patterns In The Young: Risk Factor Profile And In-Hospital Outcomes In A Tertiary Referral Hospital In Kenya, Nadeem Kassam, Mzee Ngunga, Mohamed Varwani, Miriam Msunza, Jeilan Mohamed
Internal Medicine, East Africa
Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) accounts for coronary artery disease (CAD) –related morbidity and mortality. There has been growing concern about the rising incidence of ACS among young individuals globally both in developed and developing countries, including Sub-Saharan Africa. This group’s phenotypic characteristics; risk factors and clinical outcomes are not well described. contextual and regional studies are necessary to understand the magnitude of ACS among young Individuals and help highlight challenges and opportunities for improved ACS outcomes in the region. The study aimed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of young individuals hospitalized with ACS and report on in-hospital …
Differing Radiation Exposure In Scrub Technicians And Rotating Staff In Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory: Occupation Matters, Nasir Rahman, Maleeha Javed, Ghufran Adnan, Maria Khan, Zeenat Nizar, Izat Shah
Differing Radiation Exposure In Scrub Technicians And Rotating Staff In Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory: Occupation Matters, Nasir Rahman, Maleeha Javed, Ghufran Adnan, Maria Khan, Zeenat Nizar, Izat Shah
Section of Cardiology
Background: Radiation exposure is a significant hazard associated with invasive Cardiology, with most studies based on primary operator exposure. This prospective, observational study aimed to find out over lead radiation exposure as effective dose acquired by non-physician staff comprising scrub technicians and rotating staff in the cath laboratory. Effective dose (ED) measured per procedure via Raysafe i2®dosimeter badges worn by both rotating staff and scrub technicians over lead aprons along with dose area product (DAP), fluoroscopy time (FT) and procedure time (PT) in minutes was collected prospectively over forty-six invasive Cardiology procedures.
Results: This study shows that rotating staff acquire …
Association Of Cardiovascular Risk Profile With Premature All-Cause And Cardiovascular Mortality In Us Adults: Findings From A National Study, Ryan T. Nguyen, Vardhmaan Jain, Isaac Acquah, Safi U. Khan, Tarang Parekh, Mohamad Taha, Salim S. Virani, Michael J. Blaha, Khurram Nasir, Zulqarnain Javed Zulqarnain Javed
Association Of Cardiovascular Risk Profile With Premature All-Cause And Cardiovascular Mortality In Us Adults: Findings From A National Study, Ryan T. Nguyen, Vardhmaan Jain, Isaac Acquah, Safi U. Khan, Tarang Parekh, Mohamad Taha, Salim S. Virani, Michael J. Blaha, Khurram Nasir, Zulqarnain Javed Zulqarnain Javed
Office of the Provost
Objective: To assess the association between cardiovascular risk factor (CRF) profile and premature all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among US adults (age < 65).
Methods: This study used data from the National Health Interview Survey from 2006 to 2014, linked to the National Death Index for non-elderly adults aged < 65 years. A composite CRF score (range = 0-6) was calculated, based on the presence or absence of six established cardiovascular risk factors: hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, obesity, and insufficient physical activity. CRF profile was defined as "Poor" (≥ 3 risk factors), "Average" (1-2), or "Optimal" (0 risk factors). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) were reported across CRF profile categories, separately for all-cause and CVD mortality. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between CRF profile and all-cause and CVD mortality.
Results: Among 195,901 non-elderly individuals (mean age: 40.4 ± 13.0, 50% females and 70% Non-Hispanic (NH) White adults), 24.8% had optimal, 58.9% average, and 16.2% poor CRF profiles, respectively. Participants with poor CRF profile were more likely to be NH Black, have lower educational attainment and lower income compared to those with …
In Memoriam: Prof. Dr. Rer. Nat. Jeanette Erdmann, Pashmina Wiqar Shah, Satwat Hashmi, Tobias Reinberger, Nadine Odenthal, Luis Eichelmann, Daria Kosenko, Ilyas Ahmad, Jaafar Al-Hasani, Till Joscha Demal, Zouhair Aherrahrou
In Memoriam: Prof. Dr. Rer. Nat. Jeanette Erdmann, Pashmina Wiqar Shah, Satwat Hashmi, Tobias Reinberger, Nadine Odenthal, Luis Eichelmann, Daria Kosenko, Ilyas Ahmad, Jaafar Al-Hasani, Till Joscha Demal, Zouhair Aherrahrou
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
No abstract provided.
Closing The Gaps In Care Of Dyslipidemia: Revolutionizing Management With Digital Health And Innovative Care Models, Samuel J. Apple, Rachel Clark, Jonathan Daich, Macarena Lopez Gonzalez, Robert J. Ostfeld, Peter P. Toth, Vera Bittner, Seth S. Martin, Jamal S. Rana, Salim S. Virani
Closing The Gaps In Care Of Dyslipidemia: Revolutionizing Management With Digital Health And Innovative Care Models, Samuel J. Apple, Rachel Clark, Jonathan Daich, Macarena Lopez Gonzalez, Robert J. Ostfeld, Peter P. Toth, Vera Bittner, Seth S. Martin, Jamal S. Rana, Salim S. Virani
Office of the Provost
Although great progress has been made in the diagnostic and treatment options for dyslipidemias, unawareness, underdiagnosis and undertreatment of these disorders remain a significant global health concern. Growth in digital applications and newer models of care provide novel tools to improve the management of chronic conditions such as dyslipidemia. In this review, we discuss the evolving landscape of lipid management in the 21st century, current treatment gaps and possible solutions through digital health and new models of care. Our discussion begins with the history and development of value-based care and the national establishment of quality metrics for various chronic conditions. …
Pm2.5 And Cardiovascular Diseases: State-Of-The-Art Review, Chayakrit Krittanawong, Yusuf Kamran Qadeer, Richard B. Hayes, Zhen Wang, George D. Thurston, Salim S. Virani, Carl J. Lavie
Pm2.5 And Cardiovascular Diseases: State-Of-The-Art Review, Chayakrit Krittanawong, Yusuf Kamran Qadeer, Richard B. Hayes, Zhen Wang, George D. Thurston, Salim S. Virani, Carl J. Lavie
Office of the Provost
Air pollution, especially exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), has been associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality around the world. Specifically, it seems that PM2.5 promotes the development of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and atherosclerosis, while being associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, heart failure, and arrhythmias. In this review, we seek to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms by which exposure to PM2.5 can result in adverse cardiovascular outcomes, in addition to understanding the link between exposure to PM2.5 and cardiovascular events. It is hypothesized that PM2.5 functions via 3 …
Association Between E-Cigarette Use And Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Muhammad Talal Ashraf, Asim Shaikh, Muhammad Shakeel Khuzzaim Khan, Naseer Uddin, Muhammad Arham Bin Kashif, Syed Hassan Ahmed Rizvi, Hammad Khalid, Stafford Jude Sam, Affan Sohail
Association Between E-Cigarette Use And Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Muhammad Talal Ashraf, Asim Shaikh, Muhammad Shakeel Khuzzaim Khan, Naseer Uddin, Muhammad Arham Bin Kashif, Syed Hassan Ahmed Rizvi, Hammad Khalid, Stafford Jude Sam, Affan Sohail
Department of Medicine
Background: The popularity of e-cigarettes has risen dramatically over the last few years, particularly among the younger population. Although the use of combustible cigarettes has established evidence to be associated with the development of several adverse cardiopulmonary diseases, the investigations regarding the prospective long-term effects of e-cigarette use on the cardiovascular system have just begun. We set to investigate if there is an association between the history of MI and e-cigarette use among smokers and non-smokers?
Methods: The current review aims to assess the association of myocardial infarction with e-cigarette consumption. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled …
Heartburn's Hidden Impact: A Narrative Review Exploring Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (Gerd) As A Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor, Jacob J. Gries, Bing Chen, Salim S. Virani, Hafeez Ul Hassan Virk, Hani Jneid, Chayakrit Krittanawong
Heartburn's Hidden Impact: A Narrative Review Exploring Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (Gerd) As A Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor, Jacob J. Gries, Bing Chen, Salim S. Virani, Hafeez Ul Hassan Virk, Hani Jneid, Chayakrit Krittanawong
Office of the Provost
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a very common disease with an estimated 442 million cases worldwide. It is a well-documented independent risk factor for many gastrointestinal pathologies, however, its role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear, despite its high prevalence in patients with CVD. Although traditionally considered a causative agent of noncardiac chest pain, a common imitator of cardiac chest pain, or an incidentally shared comorbidity in patients with CVD, a number of studies have implicated GERD and its therapies as risk factors for CVD. This narrative review will explore the relationship between GERD and CVD, including medical and mechanical …
Pakistan Study Of Premature Coronary Atherosclerosis In Young Adults (Pak-Sehat): A Prospective Longitudinal Study Protocol Investigating The Prevalence, Severity And Determinants Of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease In The Young Adult Pakistani Population, Bashir Hanif, Sana Sheikh, Ghazal Peerwani, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, Wajiha Javed, Jaffer Bin Baqar, Zainab Samad, Faiza Bashir, Salim S. Virani, Khurram Nasir
Pakistan Study Of Premature Coronary Atherosclerosis In Young Adults (Pak-Sehat): A Prospective Longitudinal Study Protocol Investigating The Prevalence, Severity And Determinants Of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease In The Young Adult Pakistani Population, Bashir Hanif, Sana Sheikh, Ghazal Peerwani, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, Wajiha Javed, Jaffer Bin Baqar, Zainab Samad, Faiza Bashir, Salim S. Virani, Khurram Nasir
Section of Cardiology
Introduction: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major cause of morbidity, mortality and health expenditures worldwide. Despite having higher ASCVD in the Pakistani population, data on subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in young Pakistanis remain scarce. The PAKistan Study of prEmature coronary atHerosclerosis in young AdulTs (PAK-SEHAT) aims to assess the prevalence, severity and determinants of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis among Pakistani men (35-60 years) and women (35-65 years) free of clinically symptomatic ASCVD and will assess 5-year rates of ASCVD events.
Methods and analysis: PAK-SEHAT is an ongoing prospective cohort study with 2000 participants from all provinces of Pakistan who will be …
Prevalence Of Type A And Type B Personality Among Undergraduate Nursing Students At Private School Of Nursing Karachi Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study, Farhana Shaheen
Theses & Dissertations
Background: Academic institutions strive for exceptional graduates. However, personality and learning psychology affect student performance. Type A personality students may develop heart palpitations due to impatience and stress. They are less sociable than Type B personalities but more idealistic, competitive, and deadline oriented. These disparities among personalities may impair their academic and job success, especially in healthcare, where interpersonal skills are vital.
Aims: The primary aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of Type A and Type B personality among undergraduate nursing students and to find the association between personality Types and academic years.
Methodology: In this …
Acute Myocardial Infarction From A Lower-Middle Income Country-A Comprehensive Report On Performance Measures And Quality Metrics Using National Cardiovascular Data Registry, Farhala Mari Baloch, Ainan Arshad, Sher Sethi, Javed Tai
Acute Myocardial Infarction From A Lower-Middle Income Country-A Comprehensive Report On Performance Measures And Quality Metrics Using National Cardiovascular Data Registry, Farhala Mari Baloch, Ainan Arshad, Sher Sethi, Javed Tai
Section of Cardiology
Introduction: Epidemic of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is widely projected in South Asian population and estimated to get double in two decades. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the spectrums of CVD and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) being the common manifestations of IHD. National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR) is a registry data that measure their practices and improve quality of care. In this project we aim to see our performance trends in the care of IHD including AMI patients over two year's period.
Material & methods: A cross sectional study conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. All …
Ten Steps Toward Improving In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Quality Of Care And Outcomes, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, Robert Greif, Theresa Anderson, Huba Atiq, Thomaz Bittencourt Couto, Julie Considine, Allan R De Caen, Therese Djärv, Ann Doll, Matthew J. Douma
Ten Steps Toward Improving In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Quality Of Care And Outcomes, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, Robert Greif, Theresa Anderson, Huba Atiq, Thomaz Bittencourt Couto, Julie Considine, Allan R De Caen, Therese Djärv, Ann Doll, Matthew J. Douma
Department of Anaesthesia
No abstract provided.
Novel Size-Based High-Density Lipoprotein Subspecies And Incident Vascular Events, Austin Deets, Parag H. Joshi, Alvin Chandra, Kavisha Singh, Amit Khera, Salim S. Virani, Christie M. Ballantyne, James D. Otvos, Robin P F. Dullaart, Eke G. Gruppen
Novel Size-Based High-Density Lipoprotein Subspecies And Incident Vascular Events, Austin Deets, Parag H. Joshi, Alvin Chandra, Kavisha Singh, Amit Khera, Salim S. Virani, Christie M. Ballantyne, James D. Otvos, Robin P F. Dullaart, Eke G. Gruppen
Office of the Provost
Background: High‐density lipoprotein (HDL) particle concentration likely outperforms HDL cholesterol in predicting atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. Whether size‐based HDL subspecies explain the atheroprotective associations of HDL particle concentration remains unknown. Our objective was to assess whether levels of specific size‐based HDL subspecies associate with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in a multiethnic pooled cohort and improve risk prediction beyond traditional atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors.
Methods and Results: Seven HDL size‐based subspecies were quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance (LP4 algorithm; H1=smallest; H7=largest) among participants without prior atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities), MESA (Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis), PREVEND (Prevention of …
Frequency Of Dysnatremia In Patients Admitted With Covid-19 Infection And Its Prognostic Implication, Farah Gul Khan, Saadia Sattar, Muhammad M. Yaqoob, Nida Vallani, Maryam Asad
Frequency Of Dysnatremia In Patients Admitted With Covid-19 Infection And Its Prognostic Implication, Farah Gul Khan, Saadia Sattar, Muhammad M. Yaqoob, Nida Vallani, Maryam Asad
Section of Nephrology
Objective: We aimed to investigate the frequency of dysnatremia among patients admitted with COVID-19 infection and its association with inpatient mortality.
Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study was conducted for 12 weeks. Serum sodium levels were recorded at admission, during the hospital stay, and within 48 hours of discharge or death. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of mortality.
Results: This study included 574 patients (69.7% men, age 55.6 ± 14.4 years). On admission, mean sodium was 135.9 ± 6.4 mEq/L; 39% had hyponatremia and 4.7% had hypernatremia. During admission, hypernatremia increased to 18.8%; maximum sodium in patients who …
Contaminant Metals And Cardiovascular Health, Karl Kristian Lundin, Yusuf Kamran Qadeer, Zhen Wang, Salim S. Virani, Roman Leischik, Carl J. Lavie, Markus Strauss, Chayakrit Krittanawong
Contaminant Metals And Cardiovascular Health, Karl Kristian Lundin, Yusuf Kamran Qadeer, Zhen Wang, Salim S. Virani, Roman Leischik, Carl J. Lavie, Markus Strauss, Chayakrit Krittanawong
Office of the Provost
A growing body of research has begun to link exposure to environmental contaminants, such as heavy metals, with a variety of negative health outcomes. In this paper, we sought to review the current research describing the impact of certain common contaminant metals on cardiovascular (CV) health. We reviewed ten metals: lead, barium, nickel, chromium, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, selenium, zinc, and copper. After a literature review, we briefly summarized the routes of environmental exposure, pathophysiological mechanisms, CV health impacts, and exposure prevention and/or mitigation strategies for each metal. The resulting article discloses a broad spectrum of pathological significance, from relatively benign …
Association Between Historical Neighborhood Redlining And Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Us Veterans With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases, Salil V. Deo, Issam Motairek, Khurram Nasir, Amgad Mentias, Yakov Elgudin, Salim S. Virani, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Sadeer Al-Kindi
Association Between Historical Neighborhood Redlining And Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Us Veterans With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases, Salil V. Deo, Issam Motairek, Khurram Nasir, Amgad Mentias, Yakov Elgudin, Salim S. Virani, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Sadeer Al-Kindi
Office of the Provost
Importance: In the 1930s, the government-sponsored Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) established maps of US neighborhoods that identified mortgage risk (grade A [green] characterizing lowest-risk neighborhoods in the US through mechanisms that transcend traditional risk factors to grade D [red] characterizing highest risk). This practice led to disinvestments and segregation in neighborhoods considered redlined. Very few studies have targeted whether there is an association between redlining and cardiovascular disease.
Objective: To evaluate whether redlining is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in US veterans.
Design, setting, and participants: In this longitudinal cohort study, US veterans were followed up (January 1, 2016, …
Clinical Characteristics, Management, And 5-Year Survival Compared Between No Standard Modifiable Risk Factor (Smurfless) And ≥ 1 Smurf Acs Cases: An Analysis Of 15,051 Cases From Pakistan, Sana Sheikh, Ghazal Peerwani, Bashir Hanif, Salim S. Virani
Clinical Characteristics, Management, And 5-Year Survival Compared Between No Standard Modifiable Risk Factor (Smurfless) And ≥ 1 Smurf Acs Cases: An Analysis Of 15,051 Cases From Pakistan, Sana Sheikh, Ghazal Peerwani, Bashir Hanif, Salim S. Virani
Section of Cardiology
Background: There has been an increase in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients without standard modifiable risk factors i.e. hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and tobacco use (SMuRFless) compared to the patients with ≥ 1 SMuRF but this has not been studied in South Asia despite them being a high-risk population. We conducted a comparative analysis of first episodes of ACS cases admitted to a tertiary cardiac center in Pakistan between SMuRFless and ≥ 1 SMuRF patients for clinical presentation, management, in-hospital, and 5-year mortality.
Methods: We undertook a retrospective study and data of 15,051 patients admitted at Tabba Heart Institute (THI) with …
Low Educational Attainment Is Associated With Higher All-Cause And Cardiovascular Mortality In The United States Adult Population, Najah Khan, Zulqarnain Javed, Isaac Acquah, Kobina Hagan, Madiha Khan, Javier Valero-Elizondo, Ryan Chang, Umair Javed, Mohamad B. Taha, Salim S. Virani
Low Educational Attainment Is Associated With Higher All-Cause And Cardiovascular Mortality In The United States Adult Population, Najah Khan, Zulqarnain Javed, Isaac Acquah, Kobina Hagan, Madiha Khan, Javier Valero-Elizondo, Ryan Chang, Umair Javed, Mohamad B. Taha, Salim S. Virani
Office of the Provost
Introduction: Educational attainment is an important social determinant of health (SDOH) for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the association between educational attainment and all-cause and CVD mortality has not been longitudinally evaluated on a population-level in the US, especially in individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In this nationally representative study, we assessed the association between educational attainment and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular (CVD) mortality in the general adult population and in adults with ASCVD in the US.
Methods: We used data from the 2006-2014 National Death Index-linked National Health Interview Survey for adults ≥ 18 years. We generated …
Identification And Management Of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk In South Asian Populations In The U.S., Anandita Agarwala, Priyanka Satish, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Anurag Mehta, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, Nilay S. Shah, Alka M. Kanaya, Garima V. Sharma, Dave L. Dixon, Salim S. Virani
Identification And Management Of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk In South Asian Populations In The U.S., Anandita Agarwala, Priyanka Satish, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Anurag Mehta, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, Nilay S. Shah, Alka M. Kanaya, Garima V. Sharma, Dave L. Dixon, Salim S. Virani
Office of the Provost
South Asians (SAs, individuals with ancestry from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) are among the fastest growing ethnic subgroups in the United States. SAs typically experience a high prevalence of diabetes, abdominal obesity, and hypertension, among other cardiovascular disease risk factors, which are often under recognized and undermanaged. The excess coronary heart disease risk in this growing population must be critically assessed and managed with culturally appropriate preventive services. Accordingly, this scientific document prepared by a multidisciplinary group of clinicians and investigators in cardiology, internal medicine, pharmacy, and SA-centric researchers describes key characteristics of traditional and …
Aspirin With Or Without Statin In Individuals Without Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Across Risk Categories, Safi U. Khan, Ahmad N. Lone, Neal S. Kleiman, Adeel Arshad, Vardhmaan Jain, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Hassaan B. Arshad, Sourbha S. Dani, Amit Khera, Salim S. Virani
Aspirin With Or Without Statin In Individuals Without Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Across Risk Categories, Safi U. Khan, Ahmad N. Lone, Neal S. Kleiman, Adeel Arshad, Vardhmaan Jain, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Hassaan B. Arshad, Sourbha S. Dani, Amit Khera, Salim S. Virani
Office of the Provost
Background: The effects of aspirin in adults without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), stratified by statin use across different ASCVD risks, remain uncertain.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aspirin in adults without ASCVD, stratified by statin use across different ASCVD risks.
Methods: We searched databases through March 2022 and selected randomized controlled trials of aspirin without ASCVD and follow-up of ≥1 year. We used random-effects models and estimated relative and absolute risks for cardiovascular outcomes, major bleeding, and mortality over 5 years. We calculated absolute risk differences assuming constant relative risks (RRs) across statin …
Lipoprotein(A) In Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease And Aortic Stenosis: A European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Statement, Florian Kronenberg, Samia Mora, Erik S G Stroes, Brian Ference Ference Ference, Benoit J. Arsenault, Lars Berglund, Marc R. Dweck, Marlys Koschinsky, Gilles Lambert, Salim S. Virani
Lipoprotein(A) In Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease And Aortic Stenosis: A European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Statement, Florian Kronenberg, Samia Mora, Erik S G Stroes, Brian Ference Ference Ference, Benoit J. Arsenault, Lars Berglund, Marc R. Dweck, Marlys Koschinsky, Gilles Lambert, Salim S. Virani
Office of the Provost
This 2022 European Atherosclerosis Society lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] consensus statement updates evidence for the role of Lp(a) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and aortic valve stenosis, provides clinical guidance for testing and treating elevated Lp(a) levels, and considers its inclusion in global risk estimation. Epidemiologic and genetic studies involving hundreds of thousands of individuals strongly support a causal and continuous association between Lp(a) concentration and cardiovascular outcomes in different ethnicities; elevated Lp(a) is a risk factor even at very low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. High Lp(a) is associated with both microcalcification and macrocalcification of the aortic valve. Current findings do …
Comparison Of Premature, Extremely Premature, And Older Adults With Coronary Artery Disease In Pakistan, Waqas Ullah, Rehan Malik, Faiza Bashir, Mustafa Khan, Saud Khan, Mahboob Alam, Zainab Samad, Miguel C. Achirica, Salim S. Virani, Bashir Hanif
Comparison Of Premature, Extremely Premature, And Older Adults With Coronary Artery Disease In Pakistan, Waqas Ullah, Rehan Malik, Faiza Bashir, Mustafa Khan, Saud Khan, Mahboob Alam, Zainab Samad, Miguel C. Achirica, Salim S. Virani, Bashir Hanif
Section of Cardiology
No abstract provided.
Monoclonal Antibodies, Gene Silencing And Gene Editing (Crispr) Therapies For The Treatment Of Hyperlipidemia-The Future Is Here, Melody Hermel, Madison Lieberman, Leandro Slipczuk, Jamal S. Rana, Salim S. Virani
Monoclonal Antibodies, Gene Silencing And Gene Editing (Crispr) Therapies For The Treatment Of Hyperlipidemia-The Future Is Here, Melody Hermel, Madison Lieberman, Leandro Slipczuk, Jamal S. Rana, Salim S. Virani
Office of the Provost
Hyperlipidemia is a significant risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Undertreatment of elevated lipids persists despite existing therapies. Here, we provide an update on monoclonal antibodies, gene silencing therapies, and gene editing techniques for the management of hyperlipidemia. The current era of cutting-edge pharmaceuticals targeting low density lipoprotein cholesterol, PCSK9, lipoprotein (a), angiopoietin-like 3, and apolipoprotein C3 are reviewed. We outline what is known, studies in progress, and futuristic goals. This review of available and upcoming biotechnological lipid therapies is presented for clinicians managing patients with familial hyperlipidemia, statin intolerance, hypertriglyceridemia, or elevated lipoprotein (a) levels.
A Qualitative Description Of Barriers To Visual Rehabilitation Experienced By Stroke Survivors With Visual Impairment In Alberta, Canada, Kiran Pohar Manhas, Katelyn Brehon, Jennis Jiang, Karim F. Damji, Fiona Costello
A Qualitative Description Of Barriers To Visual Rehabilitation Experienced By Stroke Survivors With Visual Impairment In Alberta, Canada, Kiran Pohar Manhas, Katelyn Brehon, Jennis Jiang, Karim F. Damji, Fiona Costello
Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Background: Post-stroke visual impairment (VI) is a common but under-recognized care challenge. Common manifestations of post-stroke VI include: diplopia, homonymous hemianopia, oscillopsia secondary to nystagmus, and visual inattention or neglect. In acute care settings, post-stroke VI recognition and treatment are often sub-optimal as emphasis is placed on survival. Stroke survivors with VI often face inconsistencies when accessing care out of hospital because variable availability and subsidization of visual rehabilitation. We sought to identify gaps in care experienced by stroke survivors with VI from stroke survivors' and care providers' perspectives.
Methods: We conducted a qualitative description study across 12 care sites …
Family Income And Cardiovascular Disease Risk In American Adults, Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas, Vardhmaan Jain, Monica Li, Robert W. Ariss, Marat Fudim, Erin D. Michos, Salim S. Virani, Laurence Sperling, Anurag Mehta
Family Income And Cardiovascular Disease Risk In American Adults, Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas, Vardhmaan Jain, Monica Li, Robert W. Ariss, Marat Fudim, Erin D. Michos, Salim S. Virani, Laurence Sperling, Anurag Mehta
Office of the Provost
Socioeconomic status is an overlooked risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Low family income is a measure of socioeconomic status and may portend greater CVD risk. Therefore, we assessed the association of family income with cardiovascular risk factor and disease burden in American adults. This retrospective analysis included data from participants aged ≥ 20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles between 2005 and 2018. Family income to poverty ratio (PIR) was calculated by dividing family (or individual) income by poverty guidelines specific to the survey year and used as a measure of socioeconomic status. The …
Glucocentric Drugs In Cardiovascular Disease Protection And Heart Failure, Khawaja M. Talha, Gregg C. Fonarow, Salim S. Virani, Javed Butler
Glucocentric Drugs In Cardiovascular Disease Protection And Heart Failure, Khawaja M. Talha, Gregg C. Fonarow, Salim S. Virani, Javed Butler
Office of the Provost
Evidence for cardiovascular outcomes with older-generation antihyperglycemic drugs in the management of type 2 diabetes is based on aggregated data from prior randomized controlled trials and observational studies that were not focused on prespecified cardiovascular end points. Newer antihyperglycemic medications have undergone a rigorous evaluation of cardiovascular outcomes through randomized controlled trials since the US Food and Drug Administration imposed a mandatory requirement for all glucose-lowering drugs in 2008. The three classes of drugs that have been most extensively studied are dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, the latter two reporting significant …
Unfavorable Social Determinants Of Health Are Associated With Higher Burden Of Financial Toxicity Among Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease In The Us: Findings From The National Health Interview Survey, Javier Valero-Elizondo, Zulqarnain Javed, Rohan Khera, Mauricio E. Tano, Ramzi Dudum, Isaac Acquah, Adnan A. Hyder, Julia Andrieni, Garima Sharma, Salim S. Virani
Unfavorable Social Determinants Of Health Are Associated With Higher Burden Of Financial Toxicity Among Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease In The Us: Findings From The National Health Interview Survey, Javier Valero-Elizondo, Zulqarnain Javed, Rohan Khera, Mauricio E. Tano, Ramzi Dudum, Isaac Acquah, Adnan A. Hyder, Julia Andrieni, Garima Sharma, Salim S. Virani
Office of the Provost
Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major cause of financial toxicity, defined as excess financial strain from healthcare, in the US. Identifying factors that put patients at greatest risk can help inform more targeted and cost-effective interventions. Specific social determinants of health (SDOH) such as income are associated with a higher risk of experiencing financial toxicity from healthcare, however, the associations between more comprehensive measures of cumulative social disadvantage and financial toxicity from healthcare are poorly understood.
Methods: Using the National Health Interview Survey (2013-17), we assessed patients with self-reported ASCVD. We identified 34 discrete SDOH items, across 6 …
A Quantification And Impact Of Incomplete Revascularization Using Residual Syntax Score In Nstemi Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Syed Waqar Ahmed, Nasir Rahman
A Quantification And Impact Of Incomplete Revascularization Using Residual Syntax Score In Nstemi Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Syed Waqar Ahmed, Nasir Rahman
Section of Cardiology
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of rSS after PCI for NSTEMI in terms of all-cause mortality and MACE (Major adverse cardiac event) at 3 years of follow-up.
Methodology: A retrospective analysis of 115 consecutive NSTEMI patients who underwent PCI at the Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi between January 2016 and December 2016 was performed. 7 patients were excluded from the final analysis due to missing data (n=108). The SYNTAX scores before (baseline syntax=bSS) and after PCI (rSS) were calculated. Patients were stratified as CR if rSS =0, RICR if rSS >0 and ≤8 …
Factors Influencing The Use Of Postoperative Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (Bipap) In Patients Undergoing Adult Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Syed Shabbir Ahmed, Muhammad Saad Yousuf, Khalid Samad, Hameed Ullah, Khalid Maudood Siddiqui
Factors Influencing The Use Of Postoperative Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (Bipap) In Patients Undergoing Adult Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Syed Shabbir Ahmed, Muhammad Saad Yousuf, Khalid Samad, Hameed Ullah, Khalid Maudood Siddiqui
Department of Anaesthesia
Background and aims: Respiratory complications are one of the biggest challenges following cardiac surgery, which can lead to hypoxia and acute respiratory failure (ARF). The aim of this study to identify the factors led to BiPAP application for postoperative respiratory complications and its effectiveness as the main outcome measures after cardiac surgery.
Methods: It was a retrospective cohort study with consecutive sampling technique. A total of 335 postcardiac surgery patients medical record was reviewed who were underwent for surgery from November 1, 2018 to November 30, 2019. 265 patients were finalized for the recruitment, five patients were excluded before the …