Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Update - July 1996, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics

Update

In this issue:

-- Stress and Distress in Pediatric Nurses: The Hidden Tragedy of Baby K
-- Ethics Grand Rounds: The Year in Review
-- CEJA Reverses Its Stance on Using Anencephalic Neonates as Live Organ Donors
-- AMA Council's Ethics Overwhelmed by Public Sentiment

Anion Induced Blue To Purple Transition In Bacteriorhodopsin, Mrunalini Pattarkine, Anil K. Singh

Faculty Works

Purple membrane (PM, λ" role="presentation">λmax" role="presentation">max 570 nm) of H. halobium on treatment with sulphuric acid changes its colour to blue (λ" role="presentation">λmax" role="presentation">max 608 nm). The purple chromophore can be regenerated from the blue chromophore by exogeneous addition of anions such as CI−" role="presentation">− and HPO42−" role="presentation">2−4. Chloride ion is found to be more effective than the dibasic phosphate ion in regenerating the purple chromophore. Nevertheless, one thing common to the anion regeneration is that both CI−" role="presentation">− and HPO42−" role="presentation">2−4 show marked pH effect. At pH 1.0 the efficiency of …

Treatment Effects Of The Edgewise Bioprogressive Herbst Appliance, Bernard C. Chang

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The effect of the Edgewise Bioprogressive Herbst appliance, as described by Dr. Terry Dischinger, was investigated on 24 Class II, Division 1 malocclusions. Mean pretreatment age of this sample was 11.2 months. All patients were treated by Dischinger with a Bioprogressive Herbst appliance. Lateral cephalographs taken before, after Herbst appliance therapy, and after edgewise treatment were traced, then digitized into Quick Ceph™. Measurements were computed by the computer software. The following results were found: 1) Average treatment time was 9 months. 2) An overcorrected Class I relationship was achieved. 3) Class II malocclusion was corrected by 4.5 mm skeletal alteration …

The Accuracy Of Computer Video Imaging Prediction : Just Prior To Surgical Mandibular Advancement/Genioplasty Orthognathic Cases, Jason T. Chiakowsky

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The accuracy of the computer video imaging treatment prediction was investigated using Quick Ceph Image.™ Thirty one surgical mandibular advancement/genioplasty orthognathic cases were examined to determine if the soft tissue profile prediction was representative of the actual result. All patients were over the age of 18. Lateral cephalographs and slides were taken immediately pre-surgically, and six months post-surgically. The slides were duplicated into 4X6 photographs. The cephalographs were digitized and the photographs captured by video on the Quick Ceph Image software program. A line drawing and computer video image treatment prediction were generated using the actual surgical change that had …

Mutagenecity Of Formocresol, Glutaraldehyde, Ferric Sulfate And Aluminum Chloride : Materials Used In Therapeutic Pulpotomies, Adolfo Barrera

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Ferric sulfate (Astringedent) and aluminum chloride (Hemodent) have been proposed as possible medicaments for use in primary teeth for therapeutic pulpotomies.

There is little information in the literature about the biologic properties of these medicaments.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mutagenic response of the ferric sulfate and aluminum chloride and compare them with glutaraldehyde (1.5%, 1% and 0.5% concentration) and formocresol (2%, 0.75%, 0.01% and 0.005% concentration). TA98 and TA1535 strain were used in the Ames test to assess mutagenecity. Neither ferric sulfate nor aluminum chloride exhibited mutagenic potential, in comparison with glutaraldehyde and formocresol, which …

Ultrasound Three- Dimensional Velocity Measurements By Feature Tracking, Gregory R. Bashford, Olaf T. Von Ramm

Biomedical Imaging and Biosignal Analysis Laboratory

This article describes a new angle-independent method suitable for three-dimensional (3-D) blood flow velocity measurement that tracks features of the ultrasonic speckle produced by a pulse echo system. In this method, a feature is identified and followed over time to detect motion. Other blood flow velocity measurement methods typically estimate velocity using one- (1-D) or two-dimensional (2-D) spatial and time information. Speckle decorrelation due to motion in the elevation dimension may hinder this estimate of the true 3-D blood flow velocity vector. Feature tracking is a 3-D method with the ability to measure the true blood velocity vector rather than …

Ambulatory Electromyogram Activity In The Upper Trapezius Region: Patients With Muscle Pain Vs. Pain-Free Control Subjects, Charles R. Carlson, Kennen T. Wynn, John Edwards, Jeffrey P. Okeson, Arthur J. Nitz, Don E. Workman, Jeffrey Cassisi

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Study Design: This study compared the ambulatory electromyogram activity of persons reporting pain in the shoulder and cervical regions with an equal group of persons not reporting such pain. Ambulatory electromyogram data were obtained over 3-day periods. In addition, all participants completed several standard psychological questionnaires.

Objectives: The results were analyzed with inferential statistics to determine whether subjects reporting significant pain in the shoulder and cervical regions had greater ambulatory electromyogram activity than an equal number of subjects not reporting pain.

Summary of Background Data: Considerable controversy exists regarding the role of muscle activity in the etiology and maintenance of …

Job Accommodation In The Automobile Industry : Addressing The Problem Of Lateral Epicondylitis, Thanigaivel Ashwin Raj

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Cumulative trauma disorders are musculoskeletal problems such as carpal tunnel syndrome, rotator cuff tendinitis, and epicondylitis which can affect assembly line workers. The injuries are thought to result from repetitive motions performed under excessive loads in anomalous postures. The project aimed to design, build, install, and evaluate worksite accommodation at the Saturn plant for a worker with right lateral epicondylitis. The goal was to make her fully functional in her original team which required addressing the injurious aspects of the task that caused or aggravated her injury.

A process of observation, interview, and analysis identified “the door mount” operation on …

Sources Of Epidemiological Equivocacy, Timothy Sly

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Mr. Sly discusses five sources of uncertainty and ambiguity in health and medical research that can interfere with decision making.

Multidimensional Factors Affecting Well-Being: A Pni Based Model For Therapeutic Nursing Intervention., Mary P. Bennett

Nursing Faculty Publications

This paper is posted to assist graduate nursing students and others who are interested in my early PNI theory development work. The paper documents development and initial testing of a midrange theory of the effects of various nursing interventions on the psychoneuroimmunological (PNI) network. The hypothesized effects of interventions on various immune factors and subsequent health outcomes are explored, with special interest given to the use of PNI theory in nursing. More traditional nursing theory design principles are imbedded in this theory, including a definition of nursing and nursing intervention, as well as outlining how nurses educated at various levels …

Counseling And Testing For Hiv Prevention: Costs, Effects, And Cost-Effectiveness Of More Rapid Screening Tests, P. G. Farnham, Robin D. Gorsky, D. R. Holtgrave, Wanda K. Jones, Mary Guinan

School of Public Health Faculty Research

New rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody tests permit many individuals to receive test results and appropriate counseling at one clinic visit. Because currently used tests require significant time for processing, all individuals must return for a second visit for test results and counseling. Since return rates for the second visit are low, the more rapid tests present an opportunity to improve the efficiency of HIV counseling and testing.

The authors compared the costs and effectiveness of the currently used counseling and testing procedure and a streamlined procedure made possible by the new, more rapid screening tests. When test-positive clients …

Preventing Perinatal Transmission Of Hiv Costs And Effectiveness Of A Recommended Intervention, Robin D. Gorsky, P G. Farnham, Walter L. Straus, Blake Caldwell, D R. Holtgrave, R. J. Simonds, M F. Rogers, Mary Guinan

School of Public Health Faculty Research

In the United States, nearly all new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in children are acquired through perinatal (mother-to-infant) transmission. Each year, approximately 7000 infants are born to HIV-infected women in the United States.¹ Without intervention, an estimated 15-30% of these infants would become infected.² In 1994, results of the AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) Protocol 076 showed that treatment of infected pregnant women and their infants with zidovudine (ZDV) reduced the rate of perinatal HIV transmission from 25% to 8%.^3,4 Following these findings, the Public Health Service (PHS) issued recommendations for ZDV therapy to prevent perinatal …

The Effects Of Ibuprofen On Exercise-Induced Muscle Soreness And Performance, Atta Kofi Osei

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

This study was designed to investigate whether the ingestion of ibuprofen prior to or after a 30-min bout of downhill (-10%) treadmill running would result in reduced sensation of soreness. A secondary purpose was to investigate whether ibuprofen would augment the diminished muscle performance following downhill running. Subject consisted of 21 males (age= 20.3 ± 1.7 years; weight= 77.4 ± 7.8 kg). Each subject was randomly assigned to either a control group, a prophylactic group which received 600 mg of ibuprofen 1 hour prior to the 30-min treadmill run and (200 mg every 3 hr postexercise up to 24 hours), …

Ventricular Remodeling Following Infant-Pediatric Cardiac Transplantation. Does Age At Transplantation Or Size Disparity Matter?, Girish S. Shirali, F Lombano, W L. Beeson, D A. Dyar, N F. Mulla, A Khan, J K. Johnston, R E. Chinnock, S R. Gundry, A J. Razzouk

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Early left ventricular (LV) remodeling following pediatric cardiac transplantation has not been described. To identify patterns and determinants of change in left ventricular mass and volume posttransplant, we studied 125 consecutive children who underwent cardiac transplantation between January 1, 1989 and July 31, 1993. Two-dimensional imaging-directed M-mode echocardiograms were studied weekly until 26 weeks post-transplant. LV mass and volume (indexed to BSA1.5) were measured. LV mass index increased until 3 weeks post-transplant, and then decreased. The mean decrement in LV mass index after 8 weeks post-transplant (relative to baseline) was significantly larger in patients with donor-recipient weight ratio > 1.5 compared …

Mandibular Asymmetry In Unilateral Class Ii Malocclusion : A Cephalometric Study, Raed Z. Moussa

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study is to evaluate skeletal and dental asymmetry in unilateral class II malocclusion. A study group of 25 unilateral subdivision patients was compared to 25 class I malocclusion patients serving as the control group. Submento-vertical and frontal radiographs were used for the evaluation. Symmetry was evaluated by comparing measurements between right and left sides for both groups and matching the middle points with the midsagittal axis. Statistical paired and simple t-test were used to evaluate the difference between the two sides for both groups. The measurements showed no significant skeletal and dental asymmetries except for three …

Update - October 1995, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics

Update

In this issue:

-- Managed Care: Challenges Facing Interdisciplinary Health Care Teams
-- Anencephalic Neonates as Live Organ Donors: AMA and CEJA
-- Can Evil Even End?

Evaluation Of Oral Midazolam As Pre-Medication In Day Care Surgery In Adult Pakistani Patients, N Ahmed, F A. Khan

Department of Anaesthesia

A placebo controlled randomized double blind study was designed to assess the suitability of oral Midazolam as a premedication in day care surgery in adult Pakistani patients. Fifty ASA I and II patients aged between 20-60 years received either Midazolam 7.5 mg or a placebo approximately one hour prior to surgery. Midazolam 7.5 mg produced significant anxiolysis and sedation (p < 0.001) in comparison to placebo after one hour of premedication. There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) in the mean heart rate and blood pressure in both groups after 1 hour of premedication with a lesser rise in blood pressure and heart rate in the Midazolam group. Psychomotor performance assessed by 'n' deletion test was impaired by Midazolam (p < 0.001) and recall of pictures revealed differences (p < 0.05) in the groups at one hour after premedication. However, at four hours after surgery there were no differences in both groups. These findings indicate that rapidly acting oral Midazolam in doses of 7.5 mg provided safe and effective premedication in terms of anxiolysis, sedation, amnesia and psychomotor performance and is suitable for day surgery.

Vr Projects, P.D. Quick

SWITCH

A description of three three projects having to do with virtual reality. The first is the Nanomanipulator, developed at the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Department of Computer Science in conjunction with the UCLA Department of Chemistry in 1991. It is a machine that allows the user to interact with microscopic particles previously only visible in 2D from an electron microscope. The second project, The Augmented Reality Project, also developed at the Chapel Hill Department of Computer Science. This device used ultrasound images to be placed over a body allowing the user to see inside of it. The final …

Alveolar Bone And Cementum Regeneration Following Periodontal Reconstructive Therapy : A Review Of Histologic Observations In Man And Experimental Animals, Karen E. Rodden

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Periodontal regeneration includes the formation of both alveolar bone and cementum. Studies reporting histologic evidence of healing following periodontal reconstructive therapy were reviewed to determine whether regeneration of these structures improves with increasing healing interval, and whether they regenerate independently or whether regeneration of one structure is dependent upon regeneration of the other. Additionally, the review addresses whether specific reconstructive modalities predictably yield increased amounts of regeneration. Differences in regenerative potential between humans, nonhuman primates, and canines were also examined. Results of over a decade of studies of periodontal reconstructive therapy were tabulated by family (human, nonhuman primate, and canine) …

Update - July 1995, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics

Update

In this issue:

-- Gender Discrimination in the Medical Community

[ Responses to the American Medical Association of the Use of Anencephalic Neonates as Organ Donors ]
-- Maintain the "Dead Donor Rule"
-- Stairway to Hell
-- Let Parents Choose
-- Revisiting the Issues

The Effects Of Rapid Palatal Expansion Therapy On The Periodontal Tissues Of The Central Incisors, Richard Gutierrez

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The periodontal structures around the maxillary central incisors in thirty-nine post-orthodontically treated patients, twenty-five of these patients had experienced Rapid Palatal Expansion (RPE), were examined to determine the periodontal consequences associated with two ways of managing the resultant diastema. In fourteen patients the diastema closure was assisted by elastomeric chain and in eleven patients the diastema closure was not assisted. Fourteen non-RPE orthodontically treated patients served as controls. Height of attached gingiva, gingival sulcus depth, attachment level, and alveolar bone level were recorded. One examiner, using calibrated techniques, performed all the measurements. The RPE groups and the control group all …

The Rotations Of Maxillary Molars, Mandibular Molars, And Maxillary First Premolars In Acceptable Occlusions, G. Kristian Hansen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The rotation of the maxillary molars is considered important in the orthodontic treatment of malocclusions. In this study a computer analysis program was developed to examine the rotations of maxillary molars, mandibular molars, and maxillary first premolars in casts of permanent dentitions with acceptable occlusions. Ninety three sets of untreated "acceptable occlusion" models from the collection of the Foundation for Orthodontic Research (FOR) were scanned on a flat bed scanner at 600 dots per inch (dpi). The images were analyzed using custom software on a computer. Measurements were made by relating maxillary first permanent molars to the midline, the archform, …

La Résistance Des Gants À La Coupure : Développement D'Une Méthode D'Essai, Jaime Lara, Denis Turcot, Renaud Daigle, Jérôme Boutin

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

A Pilot Study Comparing The Forces Applied : Using A Chin Cup And Three Types Of Protraction Headgear, Daniel Miles Beisiegel

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A pilot study comparing force distributions of a chin cup, the Great Lakes reverse pull headgear (RPHG), Ormco's adjustable dynamic RPHG, and Grummons RPHG was done. A skull from a 69 year old female which demonstrated a Class III malocclusion was used to perform the tests of force. Forces applied to and generated on the skull were measured using a water-filled balloon system. This method was tested and found to be reliable and accurate.

Repeated measurements of force were recorded for each of the areas of stress (forehead, cheeks, chin, and condyles, as well as the posterior and superior portions …

Effects Of Furosemide And Oleic Acid On Thyroxine Binding To Isolated Pairs Of Thyroxine Binding Serum Proteins, Deborah Hustead

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Dosage dependent binding inhibition and redistribution of thyroxine (T₄) between three pairs of thyroxine binding serum proteins, TBG-TTR, TBG-albumin and TTR-albumin, by furosemide (0.0 to 1.0 mol/L) and oleic acid (0.0 to 0.10 mol/L) were studied using equilibrium dialysis with purified binding proteins at concentrations 1/200 of levels in normal human sera, separated across the dialysis membrane and competing for T₄.

Furosemide (1.0 mol/L) reduced TBG bound T₄ in both the TBG-TTR system and TBG-albumin system (>90% decrease) and inhibited T₄ binding to TTR in the TTR-albumin system (68% decrease) and to albumin …

An Assessment Of Three Different Forms Of Sterlization And Clinical Usage On Various Orthodontic Pin And Ligature Cutters : A Pilot Study, Warren L. Creed

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

With an awareness of cross infection in dentistry and of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), sterilization in the dental office has been brought to the public's attention by the news media. Much work has been done on which sterilization methods are acceptable but little has been written about the effects of sterilization procedures on the instruments themselves. In this study, 36 pin and ligature cutters were sterilized 250 cycles using three different methods of sterilization following the guidelines given by the Center for Disease Control (CDC). The cutters were examined for changes in lateral hinge movement, visual appearance and ordinal …

An In Vitro Quantitative Evaluation And Comparison Of A Custom And A Popular Stock Orthodontic Appliance, Richard Scott Anderw Schalo

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

An in vitro performance evaluation and comparison of a patient individualized appliance (Elan, Ormco Corporation, Glendora, California) and a Roth prescription appliance ("A"- Company, San Diego, California) was made using the Ideal Tooth Relationship Index (ITRI).

The sample consisted of 19 duplicated sets of models for a total sample of 38. For each pair of models one set was bonded with an Elan appliance and a duplicated set was bonded with a Roth appliance. Bracket placement followed the manufacturers recommendations. The bracketed teeth from these models were sectioned out individually and the appliances allowed to fully express themselves on full …

Load Deformation Test Of Mini Twin Metal Brackets : A Comparative Study, Karl D. Peach

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The trend toward more esthetic brackets has led to smaller brackets being used by orthodontists. The purpose of this study was to determine the force required to deform these smaller brackets and calculate the stress in the metal by using a torsional wire bending force. Ten types of brackets were tested and the results analyzed to determine how bracket geometry, manufacturing method, or material selection affected the strength of brackets. Results showed a significant difference between manufacturing methods, material used, and bracket geometry. Brackets made of 17-4 PH SS and 303 SS withstood higher stress than 316 SS, and all …

Review Of: Carl F. Cranor, Regulating Toxic Substances, Jon F. Merz, H. Christopher Frey

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of: Carl F. Cranor, Regulating Toxic Substances (Oxford University Press 1993). Acknowledgments, appendices, bibliography, figures, foreword by The Honorable George E. Brown, Jr., index, notes, tables. LC 91-47046; ISBN 0-19- 507436-X. [272 pp. Cloth $45.00. 200 Madison Avenue, New York NY 10016.]

Cranor's Reply, Carl F. Cranor

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Cranor's reply to Merz and Frey.