Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Agricultural Science (15)
- Botany (15)
- Other Plant Sciences (15)
- Plant Biology (15)
- Plant Pathology (2)
-
- Bioinformatics (1)
- Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering (1)
- Computational Biology (1)
- Engineering (1)
- Environmental Monitoring (1)
- Environmental Sciences (1)
- Food Science (1)
- Forest Sciences (1)
- Genetics (1)
- Genetics and Genomics (1)
- Other Food Science (1)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (1)
- Sustainability (1)
- Wood Science and Pulp, Paper Technology (1)
- Keyword
-
- Compost (2)
- Nitrogen (2)
- Polylactic acid (2)
- Abundance (1)
- Aggregate stability (1)
-
- Agricultural residue (1)
- Alfalfa (1)
- Alkali (1)
- Annual Forage (1)
- Bio control (1)
- Biocontrol (1)
- Biofuel (1)
- Biomulch (1)
- Botanical pesticide (1)
- Bulk density (1)
- Canavalia gladiata (1)
- Companion crop (1)
- Corn (1)
- Cover Crop (1)
- Cover crops (1)
- Critical time for weed removal; growth stage; weed interference; yield loss (1)
- Crop/Livestock (1)
- Cropping System (1)
- Defense signaling (1)
- Deficit (1)
- Deicer (1)
- Diverse Forages (1)
- Dolichos lablab (1)
- Establishment (1)
- FAME analysis (1)
Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Horticulture
Critical Time For Weed Removal In Corn (Zea Mays L.) As Influenced By Pre Herbicides, Ayse Nur Ulusoy
Critical Time For Weed Removal In Corn (Zea Mays L.) As Influenced By Pre Herbicides, Ayse Nur Ulusoy
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
A weed control program that utilizes PRE herbicides and ensures a timely post-emergence weed removal could protect growth and yield of corn. The use of pre-emergence (PRE) herbicides for weed control could reduce the need for multiple POST applications of glyphosate in glyphosate-tolerant (GT) corn and provide an additional mode of action for combating glyphosate-resistant weeds. Thus, field studies were conducted in 2017 and 2018 at Concord, NE with the following objectives develop weed management recommendations that considers soil applied herbicides and determine proper timing of glyphosate based on the crop growth stage.
Therefore the material in this thesis is …
Integration Of Cover Crops Into Midwest Corn-Soybean Cropping Systems And Potential For Weed Suppression, Joshua S. Wehrbein
Integration Of Cover Crops Into Midwest Corn-Soybean Cropping Systems And Potential For Weed Suppression, Joshua S. Wehrbein
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Cover crops have potential to provide benefits to agricultural systems, such as improved soil productivity, nutrient scavenging, weed suppression, and livestock forage. There are several challenges associated with cover crop integration into traditional Midwest corn-soybean cropping systems. One of these challenges is timely establishment in the fall, which is limited by the relatively late harvest of corn and soybean. Cover crop effectiveness is related to the amount of biomass produced, thus maximizing the growth period in the fall is desired. To address this challenge, we evaluated the potential to utilize early-season soybean maturity groups (MGs) to allow for earlier soybean …
A Survey Of Soil Properties Affecting Vegetation Establishment Along Nebraska Highways, Shad D. Mills
A Survey Of Soil Properties Affecting Vegetation Establishment Along Nebraska Highways, Shad D. Mills
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Vegetation along roadsides is important to prevent soil erosion, provide habitat and filter water running off the road. Along some highways in Nebraska vegetation does not readily establish and persist. It is thought that sodium and bulk density issues are the driving factor behind the lack of vegetation. After a construction project, the shoulder is seeded into the compacted soil, and salts can accumulate in the soil due to deicing agents being used during the winter. The purpose of our study was to determine if the bulk density and sodium are the driving factors of the vegetation cover. We also …
Benchmarking On-Farm Maize Nitrogen Balance In The Western U.S. Corn Belt, Fatima Amor Tenorio
Benchmarking On-Farm Maize Nitrogen Balance In The Western U.S. Corn Belt, Fatima Amor Tenorio
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
A nitrogen (N) balance, calculated as the difference between N inputs and grain-N removal, provides an estimate of the potential N losses. We used N balance with other N-related metrics (partial factor productivity for N inputs, and yield-scaled N balance), to benchmark maize yields in relation with N input use in the US Corn Belt. We first used experimental data on grain-N concentration (GNC) to assess variation in this parameter due to biophysical and management factors. Subsequently, we used N balance and N-related metrics to benchmark yields in relation with N inputs in irrigated and rainfed fields in Nebraska using …
Effects Of Different Water And Nitrogen Regimens On Yield Of Winter Wheat Produced In Nebraska, Joseph Emory Davis
Effects Of Different Water And Nitrogen Regimens On Yield Of Winter Wheat Produced In Nebraska, Joseph Emory Davis
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Wheat is the 3rd most prominent crop in the USA and approximately 50% is exported annually. Nebraska wheat production is 11th in the country, and it plays a major role in the state's agricultural economy, especially in western NE. Generally, wheat is grown under dryland conditions and the region grows much more wheat on unirrigated land than it does on irrigated. However, deficit irrigation has shown great value in producing high yielding wheat with much less water than needed for other crops. Finding new ways to leverage irrigation in wheat production may help address the need to produce food …
Legacy Effects Of Biodegradable Mulch And Soil Amendments On Vegetable Crops And The Soil, Elise V.H. Reid
Legacy Effects Of Biodegradable Mulch And Soil Amendments On Vegetable Crops And The Soil, Elise V.H. Reid
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Plastic film mulches are used in horticulture to manage weeds, improve water retention, and increase soil temperature. Bioplastics and biofabrics are potentially sustainable alternatives to plastic film; however, they have different rates of in soil degradation. Polylactic acid (PLA) is a 100% biobased polymer that degrades slowly, but could fulfill organic certification to be soil incorporated. Mater-Bi is a commercially available biodegradable plastic (bioplastic), which degrades quickly, but cannot be incorporated in organic systems. Our objectives were to determine the individual and combined effects of soil amendments and residual mulch on vegetable crop yield and soil fertility. In a two-year …
Canavalia And Dolichos Extracts For Sustainable Pest Biocontrol And Plant Nutrition Improvement In El Salvador, Carlos Martinez
Canavalia And Dolichos Extracts For Sustainable Pest Biocontrol And Plant Nutrition Improvement In El Salvador, Carlos Martinez
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Botanical repellents and pesticides are now being rediscovered as new tools for integrated pest management in order to reduce the use of toxic chemicals in crop production. Canavalia gladiata and Dolichos lablab are two Fabaceae very well adapted to farmlands of El Salvador, effective as living barriers and mostly as cover crops, however, they are not yet very well disseminated. This document describes the potential for using the liquid extracts and the dry flour of raw seeds of those plants for economic benefit and practical convenience for pest management in Salvadorian agriculture under field conditions. Seed extracts were useful when …
An Integrated Genomics And Phenomics Approach To Study The Evolution Of C4 Photosynthesis, Daniel Santana De Carvalho
An Integrated Genomics And Phenomics Approach To Study The Evolution Of C4 Photosynthesis, Daniel Santana De Carvalho
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The C4 photosynthetic pathway was first described over 50 years ago. Today, it is known that C4 evolved independently > 60 in plant lineages, which involves understanding not only the genetic, but also the metabolic features and differences involved in this process. Also, several adaptations are involved in the evolution of this type of photosynthesis, for example: changes in leaf anatomy and the evolution of kranz anatomy, physiology and metabolic pathways. In order to further investigate this pathway, different technologies and methods have been developed to unravel genes involved in C4 photosynthesis. With the advances in molecular biology and bioinformatics tools …
Rust And Viral Mosaic Diseases In Biofuel Switchgrass, Anthony A. Muhle
Rust And Viral Mosaic Diseases In Biofuel Switchgrass, Anthony A. Muhle
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a perennial warm-season monocot that is indigenous to locations in North America east of the Rocky Mountains, and is considered a model grass for biofuel feedstock production. As switchgrass production increases, diseases pose a potential threat to biomass production and ethanol extraction. The two predominant switchgrass diseases in Nebraska are rust caused by Puccinia spp. and a viral mosaic disease caused by Panicum mosaic virus (PMV) and its associated Satellite panicum mosaic virus (SPMV). In this thesis, one study determined how SPMV affects PMV infection and systemic spread in two populations of switchgrass at different …
Hormonal Signaling Induced In Soybean By Lysobacter Enzymogenes Strain C3, Jessica C. Walnut
Hormonal Signaling Induced In Soybean By Lysobacter Enzymogenes Strain C3, Jessica C. Walnut
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The biological control bacterium Lysobacter enzymogenes strain C3 has been shown to suppress fungal diseases by producing a suite of lytic enzymes and antimicrobial secondary metabolites. Previous studies have found that C3, when applied to grass and cereal plants, also is capable of inducing local and systemic resistance against fungal pathogens. It is unknown, however, whether the bacterium has the ability to induce resistance in dicots and what signaling pathways are involved. This study assessed the ability of C3 to trigger local and systemic induced resistance responses in soybean (Glycine max ‘Williams82’) by analyzing relative expression of salicylic acid …
Microbial Response To Biodegradable Mulch: Can Degradation Rate Be Accelerated By Management?, M. Benjamin Samuelson
Microbial Response To Biodegradable Mulch: Can Degradation Rate Be Accelerated By Management?, M. Benjamin Samuelson
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Single-use, petroleum-based polyethylene mulch is ubiquitous in certified organic mulched vegetable systems, representing a broken nutrient cycle and a waste concern. Current organic-allowable biodegradable mulches cannot match the performance of polyethylene, in part because of the requirements that they contain 100% bio-based feedstock, and biodegrade within two years after soil incorporation. It is valuable to understand whether management can influence postharvest degradation rate of mulch films. Two biodegradable mulches: a potentially organic nonwoven polylactic acid and wood particle prototype (PLA), and a widely-adopted non-organic starch/copolymer blend, Bio360® (BLK), were used in field trials in two distinct ecoregions of Nebraska, at …
Introduction To Sorghum Paper Production, Zachary Christman
Introduction To Sorghum Paper Production, Zachary Christman
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Sorghum is a tall grass used for many commercial products such as fodder and syrup. The 10 to 15 feet stalk of the plant has lower lignin than wood and provides a fiber length of 2.31 mm in the outer covering and 1.38 mm for the leaf. Sorghum fiber makes a high quality, strong paper suitable for printing, packaging and paperboard.
Establishment Of Perennial Legumes With An Annual Warm-Season Grass As A Companion Crop, Martina N. La Vallie
Establishment Of Perennial Legumes With An Annual Warm-Season Grass As A Companion Crop, Martina N. La Vallie
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The yields of perennial forage legumes are often hindered during the establishment year due to slow germination rates and weed competition. This study was conducted to determine if sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor x S. bicolor var. sudanese) is a compatible annual companion crop for increased forage production, weed suppression, and legume establishment. In 2016, sorghum-sudangrass was paired with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. ‘Ranger’), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), Illinois bundleflower [Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacMill. ex B.L. Rob. & Fernald], purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), and roundhead lespedeza (Lespedeza capitata Michx.). We studied effects of a …
Dna Barcoding Of Pratylenchus From Agroecosystems In The Northern Great Plains Of North America, Mehmet Ozbayrak
Dna Barcoding Of Pratylenchus From Agroecosystems In The Northern Great Plains Of North America, Mehmet Ozbayrak
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Pratylenchus species are among the most common plant parasitic nematodes in the Great Plains Region. The objectives of this study were to barcode Pratylenchus specimens for species identification in the Great Plains region using mitochondrial CO1 DNA barcode. In order to (1) determine species boundaries, (2) assess the host associations of barcoded Pratylenchus, (3) to determine the distribution patterns across the Great Plains Region and, (4) to evaluate the species status of P. scribneri and P. hexincisus by a multivariate morphological analysis of haplotype groups identified by DNA barcoding. Soil samples, primarily associated with eight major crops, were collected …
Use Of Annual Forage Mixtures In Crop/Livestock Production Systems In Nebraska, Nathan Paul Pflueger
Use Of Annual Forage Mixtures In Crop/Livestock Production Systems In Nebraska, Nathan Paul Pflueger
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Success of integrating annual forages into crop and livestock systems throughout Nebraska may be variable depending on field location, field/forage crop management, and precipitation. There are many different warm- and cool-season annual forage species available for integrating crop and livestock systems at different times of the year. Mixtures of cereal species, such as oats (Avena sativa)) and spring peas (Pisum sativum)), are often used to optimize forage quantity and forage quality. Our two-year, three location study across Nebraska’s precipitation gradient suggested that forage quantity and quality may vary by location due to different precipitation amounts received …
Genome-Wide Association Studies In Maize And Sorghum, Preston Hurst
Genome-Wide Association Studies In Maize And Sorghum, Preston Hurst
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Genome-wide association studies are used to identify genetic variants associated with a particular phenotype. GWAS has been used in a variety of taxa, from humans, to fish to plants . The present analysis is focused on two species important to the human species: maize and sorghum. A GWAS in maize was carried out on the modification of the Ga1-s allele. The Ga1 locus has long been studied as being involved in a unilateral crossing barrier . However, it has long been suspected that the locus is modified by background genetic factors . GWAS was used to observe candidates for this …