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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Horticulture
Evaluation Of Systemic Imidacloprid And Herbicide Treatments On Flatheaded Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Management In Field Nursery Production, Karla M. Addesso, Jason B. Oliver, Nadeer N. Youssef, Donna C. Fare
Evaluation Of Systemic Imidacloprid And Herbicide Treatments On Flatheaded Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Management In Field Nursery Production, Karla M. Addesso, Jason B. Oliver, Nadeer N. Youssef, Donna C. Fare
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
The flatheaded appletree borer, Chrysobothris femorata (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), and related species are deciduous tree pests. Female beetles prefer to oviposit at tree bases, and larvae tunnel beneath the bark, which weakens or kills young or newly transplanted trees. In the first objective of this study, Discus N/G (2.94% imidacloprid + 0.7% cyfluthrin) applied at six lower-than-labeled rates (0.0, 0.98, 1.97, 3.94, 5.91, and 7.87 ml/cm of average trunk dia.) was evaluated for protection of field-grown maples. A second objective evaluated imidacloprid with and without herbicides to assess the impact of weed competition at the tree base on insecticide effectiveness. …
Permethrin Residual Activity Against Ambrosia Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Attacks Following Field Aging And Simulated Rainfall Weathering, Matthew S. Brown, Karla M. Addesso, Fulya Baysal-Gurel, Nadeer N. Youssef, Jason B. Oliver
Permethrin Residual Activity Against Ambrosia Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Attacks Following Field Aging And Simulated Rainfall Weathering, Matthew S. Brown, Karla M. Addesso, Fulya Baysal-Gurel, Nadeer N. Youssef, Jason B. Oliver
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Adult ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) bore into ornamental nursery trees resulting in trunk vascular tissue damage, which can potentially kill trees. Ambrosia beetle exposure to surface-applied insecticides is minimal after internal trunk galleries are formed, so effective management requires insecticide treatments to be applied near the time of infestation or to have residual activity on the bark. Tree trunk sections (bolts) were used to determine the effect of field aging or irrigation (i.e., simulated rainfall weathering) on permethrin residual activity against ambrosia beetles. In all experiments, 30-cm-long bolts from Liriodendron tulipifera L. (Magnoliales: Magnoliaceae) were hollowed and filled with …
Long-Lasting Insecticide Netting For Protecting Tree Stems From Attack By Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), Christopher M. Ranger, Christopher T. Werle, Peter B. Schultz, Karla M. Addesso, Jason B. Oliver, Michael E. Reding
Long-Lasting Insecticide Netting For Protecting Tree Stems From Attack By Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), Christopher M. Ranger, Christopher T. Werle, Peter B. Schultz, Karla M. Addesso, Jason B. Oliver, Michael E. Reding
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are destructive wood-boring insects of horticultural trees. We evaluated long-lasting insecticide netting for protecting stems against ambrosia beetles. Container-grown eastern redbud, Cercis canadensis, trees were flood-stressed to induce ambrosia beetle attacks, and deltamethrin-treated netting was wrapped from the base of the stem vertically to the branch junction. Trees were deployed under field conditions in Ohio, Virginia, Tennessee, and Mississippi with the following treatments: (1) flooded tree; (2) flooded tree with untreated netting; (3) flooded tree with treated ‘standard mesh’ netting of 24 holes/cm2; (4) flooded tree with treated ‘fine mesh’ netting of 28 …
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Management In Forest, Landscape, And Nursery Production, Elizabeth P. Mccarty, Karla M. Addesso
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Management In Forest, Landscape, And Nursery Production, Elizabeth P. Mccarty, Karla M. Addesso
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae (Annand) (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), has caused significant damage to both eastern [Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière] and Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Englemann) (Pinales: Pinaceae) since it was first reported in the eastern United States. This adelgid is particularly damaging to these hemlock species due to a lack of co-evolved plant defenses and natural enemies able to suppress hemlock woolly adelgid populations. Management of hemlock woolly adelgid relies heavily on insecticides to prevent death of vulnerable trees. Biological control programs have released natural enemies of hemlock woolly adelgid to aid in control at the landscape level. …
Evaluation Of A Lignin-Encapsulated Nootkatone Formulation Against Tetranychus Urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), Karla M. Addesso, Paul A. O'Neal, Shannen Leahy, Kevin Trostel, Robert W. Behle
Evaluation Of A Lignin-Encapsulated Nootkatone Formulation Against Tetranychus Urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), Karla M. Addesso, Paul A. O'Neal, Shannen Leahy, Kevin Trostel, Robert W. Behle
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Botanical-based miticides, such as neem oil, are used in organic and conventional agronomic production as part of chemical rotation plans to suppress pest mite populations. Other plant-based compounds such as nootkatone (a component of essential oils distilled from grapefruit, Citrus paradisi Macfayden (Rutaceae), and Alaskan yellow cedar, Chamaecyparis nootkatensis [D. Don] Spach [Cupressaceae]), also may serve as effective organic miticides in crop production systems. We report on a lignin-encapsulated (LE) nootkatone formulation (previously effective at repelling ticks) that was evaluated as a miticide against the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). At an application rate of 1 g/L …
Swirski Mite Controlled-Release Sachets As A Pest Management Tool In Container Tree Production, Karla M. Addesso, Anthony L. Witcher, Donna C. Fare
Swirski Mite Controlled-Release Sachets As A Pest Management Tool In Container Tree Production, Karla M. Addesso, Anthony L. Witcher, Donna C. Fare
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Adoption of biological control tools in woody ornamental nursery production has lagged behind other agriculture fields. One of the major obstacles to adoption is lack of information on the efficacy of various biological control agents in nursery production systems. The predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii, sold commercially as “swirski mite,” is a generalist predatory mite that has recently been adopted as a generalist control for a wide range of mite and insect pests, including thrips (Thripidae), whiteflies (Aleyrodidae), eriophyid mites (Eriophyidae), broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus), and spider mites (Tetranychidae). A controlled-release sachet formulation of swirski mite was evaluated …
Integrating Kaolin Clay For Ambrosia Beetle Management In Ornamental Crops Of Eastern Redbud, Christopher T. Werle, Karla M. Addesso, Blair J. Sampson, Jason B. Oliver, John J. Adamczyk
Integrating Kaolin Clay For Ambrosia Beetle Management In Ornamental Crops Of Eastern Redbud, Christopher T. Werle, Karla M. Addesso, Blair J. Sampson, Jason B. Oliver, John J. Adamczyk
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Invasive ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are an important pest problem at ornamental tree nurseries. Available chemical treatments are not completely effective and, due to the length of the beetle dispersal period and insecticide breakdown, repeated treatments can become costly in terms of application expense and nontarget impacts. Additional options are needed to reduce application frequency and to provide an acceptable level of crop protection. Four treatments were tested using ethanol-injected eastern redbud trees at research sites in Mississippi (MS) and Tennessee (TN) over 2 years (2014–15), with the number of new ambrosia beetle galleries compared over time on 1) nontreated …
Novel Aspects Of Drosophila Suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Biology And An Improved Method For Culturing This Invasive Species With A Modified D. Melanogaster Diet, Blair J. Sampson, Trevor Mallette, Karla M. Addesso, Oscar E. Liburd, Lindsy E. Iglesias, Stephen J. Stringer, Chris T. Werle, Donna A. Shaw, Drew Larsen, John J. Adamczyk
Novel Aspects Of Drosophila Suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Biology And An Improved Method For Culturing This Invasive Species With A Modified D. Melanogaster Diet, Blair J. Sampson, Trevor Mallette, Karla M. Addesso, Oscar E. Liburd, Lindsy E. Iglesias, Stephen J. Stringer, Chris T. Werle, Donna A. Shaw, Drew Larsen, John J. Adamczyk
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumara) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), the spotted wing drosophila, is a global pest of soft fruits now rearable on a standard D. melanogaster (Meigen) diet containing the fly's own natural food: soft-skinned berries. The techniques tested here can save 40% of cultures from microbial contamination that develops after combining artificial food sources (e.g., standard drosophila media) with unsterilized host plant material (berries). A suitable ratio for mixing dietary ingredients for a vial or test-tube rearing system includes, by weight, 1 part berry tissue for oviposition, 1.5 parts dry diet media for carbohydrate, 7 parts clean water for moisture, and ∼5 …
Biology, Ecology, And Management Of Nonnative Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) In Ornamental Plant Nurseries, Christopher M. Ranger, Michael E. Reding, Peter B. Schultz, Jason B. Oliver, Steve D. Frank, Karla M. Addesso, Juang Hong Chong, Blair Sampson, Christopher Werle, Stanton Gill, Charles Krause
Biology, Ecology, And Management Of Nonnative Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) In Ornamental Plant Nurseries, Christopher M. Ranger, Michael E. Reding, Peter B. Schultz, Jason B. Oliver, Steve D. Frank, Karla M. Addesso, Juang Hong Chong, Blair Sampson, Christopher Werle, Stanton Gill, Charles Krause
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) and Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are two of the most damaging nonnative ambrosia beetle pests in ornamental plant nurseries. Adult females tunnel into the stems and branches of host plants to create galleries with brood chambers. Hosts are infected with symbiotic Ambrosiella spp. fungi that serve as food for the larvae and adults. Plants can also become infected with secondary opportunistic pathogens, including Fusarium spp. Both X. germanus and X. crassiusculus have broad host ranges, and infestations can result in “toothpicks” of extruded chewed wood and sap flow associated with gallery entrances, canopy dieback, stem …
Survey For Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) In The Five-County Nursery Production Region Of Middle Tennessee, Usa, Karla M. Addesso, Jason B. Oliver, Paul A. O'Neal
Survey For Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) In The Five-County Nursery Production Region Of Middle Tennessee, Usa, Karla M. Addesso, Jason B. Oliver, Paul A. O'Neal
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Through global trade, spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), a native of Southeast Asia, has spread to at least 3 other continents since 2008. Initial reports of the fly in new regions often are associated with damage in agriculture fields, but the fly may be present in the landscape for years before populations reach a level at which they become a pest in fruit production. In 2012, spotted wing drosophila was reported in blueberry fields in eastern Tennessee, USA, for the first time. In order to determine whether the fly was established in middle Tennessee, we conducted landscape surveys …
Organic Treatments For Control Of Pepper Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Karla M. Addesso, Philip A. Stansly, Barry C. Kostyk, Heather J. Mcauslane
Organic Treatments For Control Of Pepper Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Karla M. Addesso, Philip A. Stansly, Barry C. Kostyk, Heather J. Mcauslane
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
The pepper weevil, Anthonomus eugenii Cano (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a major pest of pepper (Capsicum spp.; Solanales: Solanaceae) in the southern United States, Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. Feeding and oviposition cause flower and fruit abscission and internal fruit damage resulting in serious yield losses. Females lay eggs in flower buds and small fruits, shielding larvae from contact pesticides, leaving only the adult stage vulnerable. The purpose of this study was to investigate low-risk and organic products for use against the pepper weevil to provide both organic and conventional growers with more control options. A neem product (Ecozin® …
Life History Of Paracoccus Marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) On Four Host Plant Species Under Laboratory Conditions, Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Catharine M. Mannion, Lance S. Osborne, Nancy D. Epsky
Life History Of Paracoccus Marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) On Four Host Plant Species Under Laboratory Conditions, Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Catharine M. Mannion, Lance S. Osborne, Nancy D. Epsky
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Life history of the mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink, on three ornamental plants [Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Acalypha wilkesiana (Muell.-Arg.), and Plumeria rubra L.] and one weed species (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) was studied under laboratory conditions. Mealybugs were able to develop, survive, and reproduce on all four hosts; however, there were differences in the life history parameters. Adult females that developed on acalypha and parthenium emerged ≈1 d earlier than those that developed on hibiscus and plumeria. Adult males had a longer developmental time on plumeria than on the other hosts. Survival of first- and second-instar …
Life History Comparison Of Two Green Lacewing Species Chrysoperla Johnsoni And Chrysoperla Carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Peter W. Shearer
Life History Comparison Of Two Green Lacewing Species Chrysoperla Johnsoni And Chrysoperla Carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Peter W. Shearer
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
We investigated the life histories of two green lacewing species, Chrysoperla johnsoni Henry, Wells, and Pupedis from western North America, and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from western Europe in the laboratory. There were both similarities and differences in their life history characteristics. C. johnsoni exhibited a significantly longer developmental time for egg, first instar, and pupal stage than C. carnea. C. carnea exhibited a significantly shorter egg to adult developmental time than C. johnsoni. Except for the pupal stage, the survival of all other life history stages was not species-specific. All C. carnea pupae were able to develop …
Preharvest Quarantine Treatments Of Chlorantraniliprole, Clothianidin, And Imidacloprid-Based Insecticides For Control Of Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) And Other Scarab Larvae In The Root Zone Of Field-Grown Nursery Trees, Jason B. Oliver, Christopher M. Ranger, Michael E. Reding, James J. Moyseenko, Nadeer N. Youssef, Alicia M. Bray
Preharvest Quarantine Treatments Of Chlorantraniliprole, Clothianidin, And Imidacloprid-Based Insecticides For Control Of Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) And Other Scarab Larvae In The Root Zone Of Field-Grown Nursery Trees, Jason B. Oliver, Christopher M. Ranger, Michael E. Reding, James J. Moyseenko, Nadeer N. Youssef, Alicia M. Bray
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), is an important quarantine pest of nurseries. Nursery plant movement from P. japonica-infested regions is regulated by the U.S. Domestic Japanese Beetle Harmonization Plan (DJHP), which classifies states by risk categories. Treatments for category 2 states include preharvest soil surface treatment of nursery plants grown in field soil using Discus SC, Marathon (1G or 60 WP), or Flagship (0.22G or 25 WG). In this study, Discus, Marathon 60 WP, or Flagship 0.22G DJHP standards were compared with labeled rates of non–DJHP-approved insecticides, including neonicotinoids clothianidin (Arena 50WDG), generic imidacloprid (Quali-Pro Imidacloprid 2 F …
Comparing Effects Of Insecticides On Two Green Lacewings Species, Chrysoperla Johnsoni And Chrysoperla Carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), K. G. Amarasekare, P. W. Shearer
Comparing Effects Of Insecticides On Two Green Lacewings Species, Chrysoperla Johnsoni And Chrysoperla Carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), K. G. Amarasekare, P. W. Shearer
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
This study compared lethal and sublethal effects of five insecticides, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, spinetoram, novaluron, and lambda-cyhalothrin, on adult and second instars of two green lacewing species, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) and Chrysoperla johnsoni Henry, Wells and Pupedis (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) in the laboratory. Formulated pesticides were tested using concentrations equivalent to the high label rate dissolved in 378.5 liters of water. Novaluron and lambda-cyhalothrin were toxic to larvae and no treated larvae survived to the adult stage. Larva to adult survival was reduced in chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, and spinetoram treatments. Larva to adult developmental time and sex ratio were not different among the …
Laboratory Bioassays To Estimate The Lethal And Sublethal Effects Of Various Insecticides And Fungicides On Deraeocoris Brevis (Hemiptera: Miridae), K. G. Amarasekare, P. W. Shearer
Laboratory Bioassays To Estimate The Lethal And Sublethal Effects Of Various Insecticides And Fungicides On Deraeocoris Brevis (Hemiptera: Miridae), K. G. Amarasekare, P. W. Shearer
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
This laboratory bioassay focused on lethal and sublethal effects of five insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, spinetoram, novaluron, and lambda-cyhalothrin) and two fungicide treatments (sulfur and a mixture of copper hydroxide and mancozeb) on the predatory mired bug, Deraeocoris brevis (Uhler) (Hemiptera: Miridae) using second instars and adult males and females. Formulated pesticides were tested using concentrations that were equivalent to the high label rate (1x) (high rate) and 1/10th of that amount (0.1x) (low rate) dissolved in 378.5 liters of water. Lambda-cyhalothrin was highly toxic to D. brevis nymphs and adults at both rates, whereas both rates of novaluron were highly …
Developmental Time, Longevity, And Lifetime Fertility Of Three Introduced Parasitoids Of The Mealybug Paracoccus Marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Catharine M. Mannion, Nancy D. Epsky
Developmental Time, Longevity, And Lifetime Fertility Of Three Introduced Parasitoids Of The Mealybug Paracoccus Marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Catharine M. Mannion, Nancy D. Epsky
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Developmental time, longevity, and lifetime fertility of three previously introduced parasitoids (Acerophagus papayae Noyes and Schauff, Anagyrus loecki Noyes and Menezes, and Pseudleptomastix mexicana Noyes and Schauff) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) of the mealybug Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) were studied in the laboratory to understand the outcome of their recovery in field studies conducted in the United States. The developmental time of both male and female A. papayae and A. loecki was shorter than the developmental time of male and female P. mexicana. Male parasitoids of all three species had a shorter developmental time than …
Aggregation Behavior Of The Southern Chinch Bug (Hemiptera: Blissidae), Karla M. Addesso, Heather J. Mcauslane, Ron Cherry
Aggregation Behavior Of The Southern Chinch Bug (Hemiptera: Blissidae), Karla M. Addesso, Heather J. Mcauslane, Ron Cherry
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
The southern chinch bug, Blissus insularis Barber, forms dense, multigenerational aggregations in St. Augustinegrass lawns leading to grass death from sap feeding. We conducted laboratory bioassays to better understand the signals responsible for the formation and maintenance of southern chinch bug aggregations. In small arena assays, chinch bugs demonstrated a stronger aggregation response over time and aggregated more often on or beneath St. Augustinegrass leaf blades than on or under artificial leaf-like shelters constructed from white or green paper. In Y-tube olfactometer assays, bugs of different age and sex were attracted to volatiles from mixed-sex chinch bug aggregations and showed …
Life History Of An Exotic Soft Scale Insect Phalacrococcus Howertoni (Hemiptera: Coccidae) Found In Florida, Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Catharine M. Mannion
Life History Of An Exotic Soft Scale Insect Phalacrococcus Howertoni (Hemiptera: Coccidae) Found In Florida, Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Catharine M. Mannion
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
We investigated the life history of an exotic soft scale insect, Phalacrococcus howertoni Hodges and Hodgson that damages croton and several other economically important ornamental and fruit plants in Florida. There was no difference in the development, survival, and reproduction of this scale insect species when reared either on croton or on buttonwood at 27 ± 1°C, 12:12 (L:D) h and 65% R. H. The scale insect practiced ovoviviparity. We observed that eggs that came out from vulva hatched to first instars immediately. Newly hatched nymphs had a tendency stay underneath the female body for somewhat less than approximately 24 …
Host Instar Susceptibility And Selection And Interspecific Competition Of Three Introduced Parasitoids Of The Mealybug Paracoccus Marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Catharine M. Mannion, Nancy D. Epsky
Host Instar Susceptibility And Selection And Interspecific Competition Of Three Introduced Parasitoids Of The Mealybug Paracoccus Marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Catharine M. Mannion, Nancy D. Epsky
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Three previously introduced parasitoids (Acerophagus papayae Noyes and Schauff, Anagyrus loecki Noyes and Menezes, and Pseudleptomastix mexicana Noyes and Schauff [Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae]) of the mealybug Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) were studied for their host instar susceptibility and sex ratio, host instar selection, and interspecific competition in the laboratory. All three parasitoids were able to develop in the second instars, third-instar females, and adult females of P. marginatus. No progeny emerged from first-instar mealybugs. The proportion of female emergence was increased with increasing host size. Parasitoids selected their host instars for oviposition when they …