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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Plant Sciences
01. From Cemetery Prairies To National Tallgrass Prairies: Proceedings Of The 24th North American Prairie Conference, Roger Anderson, Chris Benda
01. From Cemetery Prairies To National Tallgrass Prairies: Proceedings Of The 24th North American Prairie Conference, Roger Anderson, Chris Benda
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
Program booklet, abstracts, and all manuscripts for the 24th North American Prairie Conference held July 17-20, 2016, at Illinois State University.
08. Strengthening Karner Blue Butterfly Metapopulations, John Shillinglaw
08. Strengthening Karner Blue Butterfly Metapopulations, John Shillinglaw
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
Wild lupine (Lupinus perennis) is the obligate host plant for larvae of the Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis). The purpose of this study was to determine whether planting wild lupine in dry prairie sites (areas previously devoid of wild lupine but having appropriate habitat structure for its growth) would result in colonization from existing populations of Karner blue butterflies over time, thereby adding to metapopulation stability. The newly planted sites were on private and public land and ranged in area from 0.81 to 8.1 ha (from 2 to 20 acres). They were located within about 3.2 km (2 mi) …
02. My Career In Prairie Research And Restoration, Peter Schramm
02. My Career In Prairie Research And Restoration, Peter Schramm
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
No abstract provided.
13. History And Management Of The Churchill Prairie In Du Page County, Illinois, Scott N. Kobal
13. History And Management Of The Churchill Prairie In Du Page County, Illinois, Scott N. Kobal
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
The Churchill Prairie was purchased by the Forest Preserve District of Du Page County, Illinois, in 1969 and dedicated as an Illinois State Nature Preserve in 1993. The site includes wet prairie and sedge meadow that grade into mesic prairie and oak savanna. The prairie was actively managed since its purchase through prescribed burning, removal of woody plants, and the reconstruction of 4 ha (10 acres) of former agricultural land. Several outside events, including the construction of I- 355, a nursery operation, and a drastic reduction in the drainage boundary, had negative effects on the vegetation and led to numerous …
03. Population Demographics Of The Loggerhead Shrike: Insights Into The Species Decline From A Long-Term Study In The Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie, Amy A. Chabot, Fran Harty, James Herkert, William Glass
03. Population Demographics Of The Loggerhead Shrike: Insights Into The Species Decline From A Long-Term Study In The Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie, Amy A. Chabot, Fran Harty, James Herkert, William Glass
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
We monitored a breeding population of loggerhead shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus) in the Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie from 2005 to 2016. Demographic data were compiled annually, including information on population size, age structure, and reproductive success. We banded adult shrikes, with some additional effort focused on nestlings (2005–2007) and independent hatch-year birds (2014–2016). We measured return rate as the number of birds that were previously banded. Site reuse rates were quantified as the use of a breeding territory in multiple years. Site fidelity, the use of a site by the same male or female in consecutive years, and dispersal distance of …
14. Ten Years Of Vegetation Observations On Formerly Grazed Oklahoma Grassland, Erica A. Corbett, Tim Patton
14. Ten Years Of Vegetation Observations On Formerly Grazed Oklahoma Grassland, Erica A. Corbett, Tim Patton
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
In summer 2003, we established a series of 40 adjacent, 10310-m blocks in formerly grazed grassland in southcentral Oklahoma. The blocks were allowed to rest and received no grazing, mowing, or burning. We tracked changes in the vegetation of the site over time between 2005 and 2015. Frequency sampling of prairie vegetation was performed at irregular intervals. In spring 2006 we seeded half the site with a Texas/Oklahoma prairie forb mix. We found no significant trends of change in species richness or diversity over time. However, there were subtle changes in abundance of individual species. Across fall sampling periods, Shannon …
04. Population Trends Of Breeding Grassland Birds At Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie, 1985–2015, James R. Herkert, William D. Glass
04. Population Trends Of Breeding Grassland Birds At Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie, 1985–2015, James R. Herkert, William D. Glass
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
We use data from ongoing bird monitoring programs to assess long-term population trends at Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie in northeastern Illinois. Midewin is the nation’s first National Tallgrass Prairie and was established in 1996 on the site of the former Joliet Army Ammunition Plant. Annual bird monitoring began at the site in the early 1980s when it was discovered that the pastures and hayfields maintained by the Army contained significant grassland bird populations. Ninety-four species of breeding birds were recorded at the site between 2009 and 2015, including large populations of several grasslandobligate birds including dickcissel (Spiza americana), eastern meadowlark …
16. A Comparison Of Soil Biodiversity In Restored Prairie Plots And Agricultural Fields At A Biomass Production Farm In Southeastern Minnesota, Bruno Borsari, Neal Mundahl, Malcolm Vidrine
16. A Comparison Of Soil Biodiversity In Restored Prairie Plots And Agricultural Fields At A Biomass Production Farm In Southeastern Minnesota, Bruno Borsari, Neal Mundahl, Malcolm Vidrine
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
Communities of soil-dwelling organisms contribute to soil fertility and nutrient cycling, but conventional farming practices can disturb and reduce these communities. In southeastern Minnesota, some farmers are planting simplified prairie vegetation to produce biomass fuels. Our study was designed to assess the species abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in plantings of mixed grasses only (MG) and mixed grasses with forbs (MGF) that were planted for use as a biomass fuel source on a farm in southeastern Minnesota in 2007. Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates also were examined in soils of corn (Zea mays L.) fields grown on the …
05. Bird Communities Within A Prairie/Wetland Complex: Restoration Of Former Wastewater Treatment Ponds In Southeastern Minnesota, Neal Mundahl, Bruno Borsari
05. Bird Communities Within A Prairie/Wetland Complex: Restoration Of Former Wastewater Treatment Ponds In Southeastern Minnesota, Neal Mundahl, Bruno Borsari
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
Our 12-mo study examined the bird communities associated with three habitat types at differing stages of restoration within a prairie/wetland complex in southeastern Minnesota. The 25-ha site previously consisted of three municipal wastewater treatment ponds that were taken off-line in 2002. One pond was retained as a shallow wetland; the others were reconfigured and restored by planting with prairie vegetation (one pond in 2003 and the other pond in 2013) to provide habitat for both wetland and grassland birds. Timed walking surveys of birds in each habitat were made monthly from June 2014 through May 2015. We observed 48 bird …
07. The Effects Of Seed Mix Diversity On Soil Conditions And Nesting Of Bees In Prairie Restorations, Nicholas Anderson, Alexandrea Harmon-Threatt
07. The Effects Of Seed Mix Diversity On Soil Conditions And Nesting Of Bees In Prairie Restorations, Nicholas Anderson, Alexandrea Harmon-Threatt
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
With the goal of conserving native bees, current recommendations for improving habitats include increasing available floral resources by planting diverse seed mixes. However, these recommendations only account for the nutritional needs of bees while the availability of equally important nesting resources is often ignored. Here we used a novel system to investigate the effects of seed mix diversity on abiotic factors previously associated with nest sites of ground-nesting bees—available bare ground and soil temperature, moisture, and compaction—and on the occurrence of nests. We used standard bee-collecting techniques and a newer method using soil emergence tents (E-tents) to assess how seed …
15. The Conservation Significance Of Prairie Remnants In Missouri, Bruce Schuette
15. The Conservation Significance Of Prairie Remnants In Missouri, Bruce Schuette
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
How to conserve the great biodiversity of the prairie resource is a question of continuous debate. In Missouri the estimated 6,070,284 ha (15 million acres) of prairie at the time of Euro-American settlement has been reduced to an estimated 20,234–24,281 ha (50,000–60,000 acres) today, with 8,093 ha (20,000 acres) in conservation ownership. This valuable resource is rare now and is continuing to disappear. The Missouri Prairie Foundation (MPF), a nongovernmental organization celebrating its 50th anniversary in 2016, has acquired and protects 22 tracts that cover more than 1,335 ha (3,300 acres), comprised mostly of original unplowed prairie. These parcels, though …
10. Browsing By White-Tailed Deer On Invasive Oriental Bittersweet Spreading Into Restored Grasslands, Neal Mundahl, Bruno Borsari
10. Browsing By White-Tailed Deer On Invasive Oriental Bittersweet Spreading Into Restored Grasslands, Neal Mundahl, Bruno Borsari
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
Non-native oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.) was first detected in southeastern Minnesota in 2010 and has spread from woodlands into adjacent grasslands. Anecdotal evidence suggests that browsing by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on young oriental bittersweet slows the growth and spread of this plant. This study assessed the population characteristics of density, age structure, growth rate, and branching morphology of oriental bittersweet in small, restored grasslands (mixed native grasses and forbs) in Winona County, Minnesota, and quantified the browsing damage inflicted by white-tailed deer on bittersweet and native red osier dogwood (Cornus sericea) at the end of winter. Bittersweet densities …
09. Matching Long-Term Fire Effects Research To Pressing Questions Facing Tallgrass Prairie Managers Across The Upper Midwest, Tom Bragg, Craig Maier, Yari Johnson
09. Matching Long-Term Fire Effects Research To Pressing Questions Facing Tallgrass Prairie Managers Across The Upper Midwest, Tom Bragg, Craig Maier, Yari Johnson
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
The goal for this paper is to explore how a network of coordinated prescribed fire experiments could be developed and applied to tallgrass prairie management. In a 2011 survey conducted by the Tallgrass Prairie and Oak Savanna Fire Science Consortium in their region, 61% of 207 land managers indicated that their greatest need with respect to fire regimes was information on the outcome of variations in fire frequency and season, with information on these variables ranging from limited to completely lacking. Need for this kind of information was echoed during a breakout discussion session at the 2016 North American Prairie …
12. Results From Four Decades Of Successional Prairie Restoration And An Update On Ecological Land Management At Fermilab In Batavia, Illinois, Ryan E. Campbell, Jacques L. Hooymans
12. Results From Four Decades Of Successional Prairie Restoration And An Update On Ecological Land Management At Fermilab In Batavia, Illinois, Ryan E. Campbell, Jacques L. Hooymans
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) is a 2,573-ha (6,800-acre) Department of Energy site located in Batavia, Illinois, USA. Tucked among the particle accelerators are nearly 1,619 ha (4,000 ac) of natural areas including remnant and restored grasslands, woodlands, and wetlands. Dr. Robert F. Betz began his large-scale prairie restoration project on the Fermilab site in 1975. During the course of that work, he defined 4 successional stages of prairie restoration and listed species occurring in each of the stages. We present results after 40 y of successional prairie restoration and summarize current ecological land management efforts at Fermilab. Ninety-five percent …
11. Nachusa Grasslands: 30 Years Of Lessons Learned At Nachusa Grasslands, Bill Kleiman
11. Nachusa Grasslands: 30 Years Of Lessons Learned At Nachusa Grasslands, Bill Kleiman
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
We share 30 years of lessons learned about protecting and restoring Nachusa Grasslands in north-central Illinois. Land protection has required persistence. Volunteer stewardship has not only improved habitat but has also created a supportive human community for the project. Seasonally hired crews have proven to be an export product of our methods. Fire and weed management are carefully attended to. On planting prairie we specifically encourage you to plant a large amount of seed from many species, plant only the amount of land you have abundant seed to plant, try not to plant into areas with invasive weed problems, and …
06. Pilot Study: Limitations To Pollination And Ovary Development In The Small White Lady’S-Slipper (Cypripedium Candidum), Marie Faust, John A. Harrington
06. Pilot Study: Limitations To Pollination And Ovary Development In The Small White Lady’S-Slipper (Cypripedium Candidum), Marie Faust, John A. Harrington
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
The small white lady’s-slipper (Cypripedium candidum) is threatened or endangered in 10 or more of the approximately 20 U.S. states and Canadian provinces in which it is found. Our pilot study revealed a lack of pollination occurring in Wisconsin’s wild populations of this orchid. We also speculate from observations taken during the study that animal browse contributes to the state threatened status of this orchid. The results of this 1-year study are taken from three sites of low prairie in southern Wisconsin. Orchids were counted at each site; a subset of flowering plants was hand pollinated and mapped as to …
17. Prairie Reverie: What Does The Word Prairie Mean In Postprairie Illinois?, Jack Shouba
17. Prairie Reverie: What Does The Word Prairie Mean In Postprairie Illinois?, Jack Shouba
North American Prairie Conference Proceedings
The meaning of the word ‘‘prairie’’ seems to have changed in recent years, as the Silicon Prairie replaced the Silphium prairie. There are bewildering uses of prairie that have nothing to do with native grasslands. The word is often used in a generic way, such as calling farmland, a vacant lot, or other open space a prairie. It is frequently used evocatively, as in Lakewood Prairie, a subdivision without a lake, a wood, or a prairie; a shopping center with no prairie for miles around is called Prairie View. Oxymorons like prairie golf or prairie fishing are common. Prairie reverie …