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Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Plant Sciences
Treatment With Calcium Chloride Enhances Water Deficit Stress Tolerance In Viola (Viola Cornuta), Suejin Park, Youyoun Moon, Nicole L. Waterland
Treatment With Calcium Chloride Enhances Water Deficit Stress Tolerance In Viola (Viola Cornuta), Suejin Park, Youyoun Moon, Nicole L. Waterland
Faculty & Staff Scholarship
Water deficit stress can reduce the postproduction shelf life and marketability of floriculture crops. To alleviate the damage by water deficiency, plants need to limit transpirational water loss by inducing stomatal closure. Osmotic stress induces stomatal closure like the response to water deficit stress. It could be used as a convenient tool to enhance water deficit stress tolerance by reducing water loss. The objective of this research was to investigate whether osmotic treatment with a high concentration of chemical solutions could trigger a response to osmotic stress so that stomatal closure can be induced, resulting in enhanced water deficit stress …
The Morphological, Physiological, And Genetic Underpinnings Of Intraspecific Salinity Tolerance In Sorghum Bicolor, Ashley N. Henderson
The Morphological, Physiological, And Genetic Underpinnings Of Intraspecific Salinity Tolerance In Sorghum Bicolor, Ashley N. Henderson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Decreases in land quality and quantity threaten the efficient production of agriculturally and economically pivotal crops. Such reductions in arable lands are a consequence of population growth and urbanization, and often result in the introduction of various abiotic stresses. The most common abiotic stressors include water limitation (drought), water logging (over watering), poor water quality (salinity), and extreme temperatures (cold, frost, heat). Each of these stressors negatively impact plant growth, development, and yield. Soil salinity, specifically, is a considerable constraint affecting lands used in agriculture. Salts in the soil rise both naturally and through anthropogenic factors making the abundance a …
Comparing And Linking Organic Carbon And Iron In Soil And Headwater Stream In A Pasture And A Forest Catchment In A Central Appalachian Region, West Virginia, Lili Lei
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Continued global warming and surface water brownification are two main environmental issues which have attracted attention and are related to soil organic carbon (SOC) cycling. Iron oxides differ in reducibility and thus have essential roles in regulating SOC preservation and remineralization in soil and transport of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from soil to surface water. In the central Appalachian region, anthropogenic disturbances are increasing, which leads to major issues of soil degradation and depletion of SOC concentrations. Cropland and pasture soils are subject to intense disturbances compared to the forest soil, which may lead to differences in SOC fractions and …
Genetic And Biochemical Characterization Of Ergot Alkaloid Synthesizing Fungi And Their Symbionts, Matthew Duane Maust
Genetic And Biochemical Characterization Of Ergot Alkaloid Synthesizing Fungi And Their Symbionts, Matthew Duane Maust
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Ergot alkaloids are fungal tryptophan derived toxins which affect mammalian circulation and neurotransmission. These compounds are biosynthesized by a conserved genetic pathway, known as the ergot alkaloid synthesis (EAS) pathway by fungi belonging to the ascomycete families Trichocomaceae and Clavicipitaceae. Several Ipomoea species and related plants in the morning glory family harbor vertically transmitted symbiotic fungi in the genus Periglandula, also members of Clavicipitaceae, that produce ergot alkaloids. Metabolomic analysis of seeds identified a previously uncharacterized glycoside form of the pharmaceutically important ergot alkaloid, ergonovine. Several species belonging to the fungal genus Metarhizium have recently been shown to have the …
Evolutionary Genomics Of Dynamic Sex Chromosomes In The Salicaceae, Ran Zhou
Evolutionary Genomics Of Dynamic Sex Chromosomes In The Salicaceae, Ran Zhou
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Identifying the sex-determination region (SDR) and other genomic features of sex chromosomes are of great importance in the studies of the evolution of sex. However, the process of accurately identifying the size and location of the SDR is often difficult, even when a genomic sequence is available. This usually is hindered by large repetitive elements and a lack of recombination in the SDR. In this thesis, I assemble sex chromosomes with whole genomic sequencing data, identify SDRs and explore their genomic features in two sister species from the Salicaceae family. I also develop an interpretation of the lability of the …
Alternative Media And Mulches In Organic Vegetable Production, Heather R. Griffith
Alternative Media And Mulches In Organic Vegetable Production, Heather R. Griffith
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Reducing or eliminating waste from organic vegetable production can conserve money as well as resources. Conventional greenhouse production of vegetable transplants often relies on abundant fertigation which produces large amounts of polluted runoff, and the field production of organic vegetables frequently relies on the use of polyethylene mulch. A greenhouse study was conducted to determine if organic transplants can be successfully produced in a greenhouse under reduced soil moisture in order to reduce leaching of nutrients and potential water pollution. To test this, we compared the effect of reduced irrigation volumes to the standard practice of irrigating with 120% of …
Occurrence, Mating Strategy, And Pathogenicity Of Members Of Nectriaceae In Central Appalachia, Cameron Michael Stauder
Occurrence, Mating Strategy, And Pathogenicity Of Members Of Nectriaceae In Central Appalachia, Cameron Michael Stauder
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Members of the Nectriaceae occupy many ecological niches including dominant canker pathogens, such as Neonectria ditissima and N. faginata. These two pathogens contribute to the decline of American beech (Fagus grandifolia) forests across the Appalachian Mountains due to beech bark disease (BBD). Interestingly, N. ditissima represents a well-known canker pathogen many hardwood species, while N. faginata has not been observed outside of BBD. Additionally, N. faginata occurs at higher incidences than N. ditissima in BBD stands. Nectriaceae in Central Appalachia were surveyed as to further characterize the diversity and possibly identify a non-beech host of N. faginata. …
Trees, Fungi, Insects: How Host Plant Genetics Builds A Community, Sandra Jeanne Simon
Trees, Fungi, Insects: How Host Plant Genetics Builds A Community, Sandra Jeanne Simon
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Organisms, such as fungi and insects, can cause millions of acres of agricultural and forest damage, while others provide billions of dollars in ecological services such as education, aesthetic enjoyment, pollination, and gardening. Plant breeding and biotechnology can potentially help establish a balance between the proliferation of detrimental pests and attraction of beneficial insects. Variation in plant physiological and morphological characteristics are extremely important in the ability of host tissues to support many different types of organisms. When that variation is genetically heritable in a plant population, shifts in the underlying genes can have predictable consequences in structuring entire ecosystems. …
Improving The Biological Control Of Persicaria Perfoliata (Polygonaceae) Using Rhinoncomimus Latipes Korotyaev (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Jaewon Kim
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Persicaria perfoliata (L.) H. Gross (Polygonaceae; Mile-a-minute weed) is a rapid-growing invasive vine introduced from eastern Asia to northeastern United States in the 1930s. This vine has been invaded in disturbed areas and reforestation sites in 15 states in the U.S. and forms dense, monocultural patches that may inhibit natural forest regeneration. To control this weed, a host-specific biocontrol agent, Rhinoncomimus latipes Korotyaev (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) has been released in the P. perfoliata invaded states in the U.S. during the past 15 years. Currently, R. latipes is released by hand to the invaded area where the presence of the weed is …