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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Plant Sciences
Formation Of B Horizons In Engineered Putting Green Soils, Glen Obear
Formation Of B Horizons In Engineered Putting Green Soils, Glen Obear
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Engineered turfgrass putting green soils are designed to drain quickly, while maintaining adequate water- and nutrient-holding capacity to sustain plant growth. These soils are designed to meet specific performance characteristics when they are constructed, but the process of soil formation changes these characteristics over time. Chapter 1 of this dissertation is a literature review of soil formation in engineered putting green soils. Pedogenesis of putting greens is such that A horizons form as organic matter accumulates near the surface, and B horizons form as particles and solutes are translocated to textural or pH boundaries in soil profiles. In the engineered …
American Burying Beetle, Plant Richness, And Soil Property Responses To Collapse Of Juniperus Virginiana Woodlands With Fire, Alison Ludwig
American Burying Beetle, Plant Richness, And Soil Property Responses To Collapse Of Juniperus Virginiana Woodlands With Fire, Alison Ludwig
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Grasslands are declining in the Great Plains due to land use changes, woody plant encroachment, and loss of historic fire cycles. Prescribed burn associations have utilized prescribed fire to collapse invading woodlands and allow the restoration of grasslands. This fire is considered “extreme” because it is capable of changing the structure and function of an ecosystem. Our study site is the Loess Canyons Experimental Landscape, a long-term, ecoregion-scale experiment to apply prescribed fire across the region to restore grasslands. The Nebraska Natural Legacy Project established the Loess Canyons ecoregion as a Biologically-Unique Landscape in 2005 with the state’s wildlife action …
A Method For Visualizing Water Flow Through Modified Root Zones, Dallas M. Williams
A Method For Visualizing Water Flow Through Modified Root Zones, Dallas M. Williams
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
As the number of impervious surfaces in urban environments increases, the ability of modified root zones to infiltrate water is becoming more important. Current methods of tracing water flow through soil profiles include excavating large pits in situ or analyzing soil cores in the laboratory with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. While useful, these methods may not be suitable for urban settings or practical in every laboratory. We propose a new method that is less invasive, does not require extensive technical equipment and can reliably trace water movement through the soil profile in order to calculate flow rate based …
Livestock Grazing Impacts On Crop And Soil Responses For Two Cropping Systems, Alyssa Kuhn
Livestock Grazing Impacts On Crop And Soil Responses For Two Cropping Systems, Alyssa Kuhn
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Diversified crop, forage, and livestock systems are assumed to be more sustainable and economically competitive than traditional cropping systems. Objectives of this study were to determine effects of integrating grazing livestock into corn (Zea mays)-soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) (C-S) and corn-soybean-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (C-S-W) cropping systems on plant population, grain yield, soil nutrients and soil carbon dioxide (CO2) flux following winter grazing corn residue (both systems) and an oat (Avena sativa) cover crop (C-S-W only) planted after wheat. For the 2019 and 2020 production seasons, neither corn nor soybean plant …
Effects Of Micro-Rates Of 2,4-D And Dicamba On Lettuce And Pumpkin In Nebraska, Xinzheng Chen
Effects Of Micro-Rates Of 2,4-D And Dicamba On Lettuce And Pumpkin In Nebraska, Xinzheng Chen
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Off-target herbicide injury from dicamba and 2,4-D is an increasingly common problem for specialty crop growers in the Midwestern United States. Both lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) are common specialty crops grown in Nebraska, and their proximity to corn and soybean production makes these crops susceptible to herbicide drift injury and yield loss. The objectives of this thesis research was to quantify crop injury and yield loss in greenhouse- and field-grown lettuce and field-grown pumpkins at different growth stages after exposure to sub-lethal doses of dicamba or 2,4-D. Dose response curves were generated to determine effective dose …
Evaluating Evapotranspiration And Management Of Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri S. Watson), Jasmine Mausbach
Evaluating Evapotranspiration And Management Of Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri S. Watson), Jasmine Mausbach
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Palmer amaranth (PA) is the most problematic weed in agronomic cropping systems in the United States. Acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor-/glyphosate-resistant (GR) PA has been confirmed in Nebraska and is widespread in several counties. Soybean resistant to isoxaflutole/glufosinate/glyphosate has been developed to provide additional herbicide sites of action for control of herbicide-resistant weeds. The objectives of this study were to evaluate herbicide programs for control of ALS inhibitor/GR PA and their effect on PA density and biomass, as well as soybean injury and yield in isoxaflutole/glufosinate/glyphosate-resistant soybean. A PRE herbicide fb glufosinate controlled PA 80%–99% 21 d after late-POST in 2018 …
Quantifying The Combined Effect Of Abiotic Factors On The Decomposition Of Organic Matter In Semiarid Grassland Soils, Elnazsadat Hosseiniaghdam
Quantifying The Combined Effect Of Abiotic Factors On The Decomposition Of Organic Matter In Semiarid Grassland Soils, Elnazsadat Hosseiniaghdam
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Grassland ecosystems play a critical role in the global carbon cycle, and their cumulative carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions can be affected by animal grazing where litter (i.e., dead plant material) is trampled into the soil. However, the subsequent effects of trampling on litter decomposition are not well understood. Meanwhile, abiotic factors, especially temperature and soil moisture, are known to strongly affect litter decomposition. Due to the very small number of published studies that have considered litter placement, either litter on top of soil or litter mixed with soil as a factor in litter decomposition under different temperature and soil moisture …
Management Of Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri S. Watson) In Dicamba/Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean, Shawn Mcdonald
Management Of Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri S. Watson) In Dicamba/Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean, Shawn Mcdonald
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
While not a historically problematic weed in Nebraska, Palmer amaranth has become increasingly problematic in many agronomic cropping systems. Throughout the state, several cohorts of Palmer amaranth have been found resistant to several different sites of action. Of major concern is a population found resistant to glyphosate the most common post-emergence herbicide in Nebraska. As chemical control methods are the most common forms of weed control throughout the state methods alternatives or enhancements are highly desired. Two field experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 at a grower’s field near Carleton, Nebraska with the objectives to evaluate the effects of …
Using Thermal Imaging To Measure Water Stress In Creeping Bentgrass Putting Greens, Joe Foral Jr.
Using Thermal Imaging To Measure Water Stress In Creeping Bentgrass Putting Greens, Joe Foral Jr.
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Thermal imaging is a developing tool that can help turf managers reduce water consumption and improve irrigation scheduling, but in-depth studies are needed to maximize this potential. This study evaluated the ability of thermal imaging to identify water stress in a creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera ‘007’) putting green. Water use and canopy temperature (Tc) were measured for plots subjected to three levels of measured water replacement (full, half, and none) to evaluate changes over a range of soil water potentials (SWP). Water use was consistent across the irrigation treatments up to several days before observed wilt …
The Effect Of Anionic Surfactants On Herbicide Mixtures And Solutions, Ely Anderson
The Effect Of Anionic Surfactants On Herbicide Mixtures And Solutions, Ely Anderson
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Herbicide mixtures are popular for farmers to delay the evolution of herbicide-resistant biotypes from occurring and control existing herbicide-resistant weeds. Glufosinate is a contact herbicide that has been observed as a mixture partner with many herbicides. In many cases, antagonistic interactions have occurred when using glufosinate in mixture with other herbicides. The antagonistic interactions have resulted in applications with incomplete weed control. Adjuvants have been known to impact an herbicide application by increasing herbicide penetration, spreadability, and efficacy. Adjuvants added to glufosinate mixtures can impact spray applications and increase weed control. The objectives of this research were: (1) investigate the …
Techniques To Improve The Volume, Texture And Nutritional Quality Of Gluten Free Bread, Zachary Christman
Techniques To Improve The Volume, Texture And Nutritional Quality Of Gluten Free Bread, Zachary Christman
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
This article highlights the use of soy flour to improve the protein and fiber of gluten free bread. Also, the use of an extrusion process on soybean and corn flour blends improves the volume and texture of the bread. A full listing of the ingredients and method for production of higher quality gluten free bread is included.
Production, Evaluation, And Selection Of Elite Quality Protein Popcorn (Qpp) Hybrids, Leandra Parsons
Production, Evaluation, And Selection Of Elite Quality Protein Popcorn (Qpp) Hybrids, Leandra Parsons
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
In 2017, twelve Quality Protein Popcorn (QPP) inbred lines were developed and selected as premier dent by popcorn crosses fit for hybridization and testing. These QPP inbred lines were derived from specific Quality Protein dent Maize (QPM) by ConAgra Brands® popcorn line crosses to produce high lysine, vitreous popcorn lines capable of near-equal popping characteristics compared to the original popcorn parents. The QPP hybridization project commenced in the summer of 2018 utilizing these 12 inbred QPP lines and crossing them in a full diallel. Since then, the production of QPP hybrids has employed a diverse set of selection factors evaluating …
Phenotypic Plasticity Of Diverse Sorghum Varieties In Response To Nitrogen Deficit Stress, Mackenzie Zwiener
Phenotypic Plasticity Of Diverse Sorghum Varieties In Response To Nitrogen Deficit Stress, Mackenzie Zwiener
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The movement of nutrients from old vegetative tissue to young leaves and reproductive organs is known as senescence. Senescence can be influenced by the environment of a plant, such as, drought, heat, and nutrient stress. These environmental stressors can also influence canopy architecture. Crop canopy consists of several traits including: leaf number, angle, length and width. Past research in crops like maize and rice have shown significant influences of more erect leaves, including, the ability for increased planting density, which optimizes light interception and increases yield. In a field trial of a sorghum association panel including 345 different sorghum varieties …
The Influence Of Adjuvants On Physical Properties, Droplet-Size, And Efficacy Of Glufosinate And Dicamba Plus Glyphosate Solutions, Estefania Gomiero Polli
The Influence Of Adjuvants On Physical Properties, Droplet-Size, And Efficacy Of Glufosinate And Dicamba Plus Glyphosate Solutions, Estefania Gomiero Polli
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Adjuvants are used in agriculture to improve herbicide activity or application performance. The addition of adjuvants to herbicide solution can enhance its penetration, wettability, and evaporation rates by altering density, viscosity, contact angle between the droplet and plant surface, and droplet surface tension. Furthermore, those alterations in the physical properties of the herbicide solution can result in changes in the droplet-size distribution that directly impact herbicide efficacy. The adoption of glufosinate-based herbicide programs has increased with the widespread occurrence of glyphosate-resistance (GR) weeds in recent years. Also, tank mixture of dicamba and glyphosate has been largely adopted for broad-spectrum weed …
Maize Nitrogen Management Using Reactive Sensor And Proactive Maize-N Model Via Fertigation, Mohammed A. Naser
Maize Nitrogen Management Using Reactive Sensor And Proactive Maize-N Model Via Fertigation, Mohammed A. Naser
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Applying a portion of total nitrogen (N) during the growing season has the potential to improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by achieving greater synchrony between N supply and crop N demand, allowing for responsive adjustments to actual field conditions. Three studies from 2017-2019 evaluated using reactive sensor and proactive Maize-N model for determining in-season N requirements via fertigation in corn. The first study evaluated the integration of reactive sensor and proactive Maize-N model for determining the timing and rate of in-season N via fertigation. Overall, reactive and proactive fertigation treatments reduced total N applied by 35 to 65 kg N …