Other Nutrition Commons^™

Aerobic Exercise Training Prevents Heart Failure-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy By Anti-Catabolic, But Not Anabolic Actions, Rodrigo W.A. Souza, Warlen P. Piedade, Luana C. Soares, Paula A. T. Souza, Andreo F. Aguiar, Ivan Jose Vechetti Jr, Dijon H.S. Campos, Ana A. H. Fernandes, Katashi Okoshi, Robson F. Carvalho, Antonio C. Cicogna, Maeli Dal-Pai-Silva

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Heart failure (HF) is associated with cachexia and consequent exercise intolerance. Given the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise training (ET) in HF, the aim of this study was to determine if the ET performed during the transition from cardiac dysfunction to HF would alter the expression of anabolic and catabolic factors, thus preventing skeletal muscle wasting. Methods and Results: We employed ascending aortic stenosis (AS) inducing HF in Wistar male rats. Controls were sham operated animals. At 18 weeks after surgery, rats with cardiac dysfunction were randomized to 10 weeks of aerobic ET (AS-ET) or to an untrained group …

Knowledge Of And Accordance With The Academy Evidence-Based Nutrition Practice Guideline For Disorders Of Lipid Metabolism, Megan T. Metropulos, Mary B. Gregoire, Sarah J. Holland, Annabelle S. Volgman, Heather E. Rasmussen

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine knowledge of and accordance with practices recommended by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Guideline for Disorders of Lipid Metabolism. Knowledge and food frequency questionnaires were completed by dyslipidemic patients from an outpatient cardiology clinic (n = 51). Participants were primarily white (74.5%), obese (64.7%), female (64.7%) adults 62.0 ± 9.3 years of age. Mean Disorders of Lipid Metabolism guideline knowledge score was 53.l ± 13.4% correct. Mean accordance was 35.4 ± 13.0% correct. There were no significant associations between knowledge and accordance (r_s = 0.175, P = .219). In …

Erratum To ‘‘Associations Of Cardiorespiratory Fitness And Fatness With Metabolic Syndrome In Rural Women With Prehypertension’’, Patricia A. Hageman, Carol H. Pullen, Melody Hertzog, Linda Boeckner, Susan Noble Walker

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

In the original paper, the authors discovered a computer coding error that resulted in 33 of the women’s ages being incorrectly recorded. All analyses were repeated for this paper using the corrected age dataset, as all our logistic regression analyses in the published paper were adjusted for age.The repeated analyses, using the corrected dataset, lead to minor changes that needed to be reported to the results in the published paper. These corrections did not change the conclusion of the published paper.The authors apologize for any inconvenience.

Health Care Providers’ Knowledge, Perceptions, And Use Of Probiotics And Prebiotics, Laura Oliver, Heather Rasmussen, Mary B. Gregoire, Yimin Chen

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Health care providers (N = 256) completed an online questionnaire to assess their knowledge, perceptions, and use of probiotics and prebiotics. Participants were familiar with probiotics (88%) but not with prebiotics (22%). Probiotics (62%) and prebiotics (55%) were perceived as being “somewhat” to “quite a bit” beneficial to health (μ = 3.6 ± 1.0 and 3.6 ± 1.2, respectively). Health care providers were “quite a bit” to “very much” willing to recommend probiotics (77%) and prebiotics (83%) if substantiated with literature. Despite this belief, they did not recommend probiotics (45%) or prebiotics (26%) to patients or read current research …

Gastrointestinal Problems In Children With Autism, Developmental Delays Or Typical Development, Virginia Chaidez, Robin L. Hansen, Irva Hertz-Picciotto

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Abstract To compare gastrointestinal (GI) problems among children with: (1) autism spectrum disorder (ASD), (2) developmental delay (DD) and (3) typical development (TD), GI symptom frequencies were obtained for 960 children from the CHildhood Autism Risks from Genetics and Environment (CHARGE) study. We also examined scores on five Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) subscales comparing ASD children with high versus low frequency GI symptoms. Compared to TD children, those with ASD [aOR 7.92 (4.89–12.85)] and DD [aOR 4.55 (2.51–8.24)] were more likely to have at least one frequent GI symptom. Restricting to ASD children, those with frequent abdominal pain, gaseousness, diarrhea, …

Sweetened Food Purchases And Indulgent Feeding Are Associated With Increased Toddler Anthropometry, Virginia Chaidez, Scott Mcniven, Stephen A. Vosti, Lucia L. Kaiser

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Objective: To explore the role of feeding practices and food purchases in toddler dietary intake and anthropometry. Methods: A convenience sample of Latino mother and toddler pairs were interviewed at baseline and at 6-month follow-up. Data on feeding practices, toddler dietary intake, anthropometry, and food purchases were collected using the Toddler-Feeding Questionnaire; 24-hour recalls; measurements of weight, height, and/or length; and food purchase receipts. Results: Indulgent feeding scores and high intake of sweetened beverage were associated with a 0.52 increase (P = .03) and 0.46 increase in toddler weight-for-height z-score (P = .05), respectively. Households with 10 …

Egg Intake During Carbohydrate Restriction Alters Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Inflammation And Cholesterol Homeostasis In Metabolic Syndrome, Catherine J. Andersen, Ji-Young Lee, Christopher N. Blesso, Timothy P. Carr, Maria Luz Fernandez

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Egg yolk contains bioactive components that improve plasma inflammatory markers and HDL profiles in metabolic syndrome (MetS) under carbohydrate restriction. We further sought to determine whether egg yolk intake affects peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) inflammation and cholesterol homeostasis in MetS, as HDL and its associated lipid transporter ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) reduce the inflammatory potential of leukocytes through modulation of cellular cholesterol content and distribution. Thirty-seven men and women classified with MetS consumed a moderate carbohydrate-restricted diet (25%–30% of energy) for 12 weeks, in addition to consuming either three whole eggs per day (EGG) or the equivalent amount …

Gene-Environment Interaction Of Body Mass Index And Apolipoprotein E Ε4 Allele On Cognitive Decline, Kumar B. Rajan, Kimberly A. Skarupski, Heather E. Rasmussen, Denis A. Evans

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Genetic variation alone may not account for common chronic disease susceptibility. Rather, an interaction between genetic and environmental factors may clarify the underlying disease mechanism. Hence, we tested whether BMI modified the genetic association of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele with cognitive decline. The data came from a longitudinal population-based sample of 4,055 participants interviewed at 3-year intervals from 1993 to 2012. Cognitive function was assessed using a standardized global cognitive score and BMI was assessed at baseline and classified as normal, overweight, and obese. There were 1,374 (34%) participants with the ε4 allele. In normal BMI participants, cognitive …

Position Of The Academy Of Nutrition And Dietetics: Dietary Fatty Acids For Healthy Adults, Gretchen Vannice, Heather Rasmussen

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

It is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (the Academy) that dietary fat for the healthy adult population should provide 20% to 35% of energy, with an increased consumption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and limited intake of saturated and trans fats. The Academy recommends a food-based approach through a diet that includes regular consumption of fatty fish, nuts and seeds, lean meats and poultry, low-fat dairy products, vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and legumes. These recommendations are made within the context of rapidly evolving science delineating the influence of dietary fat and specific fatty acids on human …

Misunderstanding The Female Athlete Triad: Refuting The Ioc Consensus Statement On Relative Energy Deficiency In Sport (Red-S), Mary Jane De Souza, Nancy I. Williams, Aurelia Nattiv, Elizabeth Joy, Madhusmita Misra, Anne B. Loucks, Gordon Matheson, Marion P. Olmsted, Michelle Barrack, Rebecca J. Mallinson, Jenna C. Gibbs, Marci Goolsby, Jeanne F. Nichols, Barbara Drinkwater, Charlotte (Barney) Sanborn, Rosemary Agostini, Carol L. Otis, Mimi D. Johnson, Anne Zeni Hoch, Julia M. K. Alleyne, L. Tyler Wadsworth, Karsten Koehler, Jaci Vanheest, Paula Harvey, Amanda K. Weiss Kelly, Michael Fredericson, George A. Brooks, Emma O'Donnell, Lisa R. Callahan, Margot Putukian, Lauren Costello, Suzanne Hecht, Mitchell J. Rauh, Jacalyn Mccomb

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

We are concerned that readers of the IOC paper will be confused and misled by the poorly referenced statements and frank (and sometimes dangerous) errors in the paper. The IOC authors should publish a correction of these and other errors noted. Broadening research of low energy availability in other groups, such as the male athlete, athletes of diverse ethnicities and the disabled athlete may help to advance science and may one day warrant introduction of a specific term for whatever serious clinical sequelae of energy deficiency may be discovered in future research on men.

Research on the “Female Athlete Triad” …

Utilizing Short- And Long-Term Evaluation To Measure The Impact Of A Long-Standing, Multi-State Educational Venue, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Karla Jenkins, Aaron Berger

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this program evaluation was to utilize short- and long-term surveys to measure the impact of a multi-state Range Beef Cow Symposium on knowledge change and changes in beef cattle production practices. Symposium participants completed end-of-session surveys and ranked their degree of knowledge change, with a 36% return rate. Follow-up surveys were mailed to past symposium participants who noted changes made to their production practices, with a 23% return rate. For symposium survey respondents, 70% were male, a majority were white, over 60% were under 50 years, and they represented 16 states. The estimated annual increase in profitability …

Processing Of Oats And The Impact Of Processing Operations On Nutrition And Health Benefits, Eric A. Decker, Devin J. Rose, Derek A. Stewart

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Oats are a uniquely nutritious food as they contain an excellent lipid profile and high amounts of soluble fibre. However, an oat kernel is largely non-digestible and thus must be utilised in milled form to reap its nutritional benefits. Milling is made up of numerous steps, the most important being dehulling to expose the digestible groat, heat processing to inactivate enzymes that cause rancidity, and cutting, rolling or grinding to convert the groat into a product that can be used directly in oatmeal or can be used as a food ingredient in products such as bread, ready-to-eat breakfast cereals and …

Off Target Effects Of Sulforaphane Include The De-Repression Of Long-Terminal Repeats Through Histone Acetylation Events, Scott Baier, Richard Zbasnik, Vicki Schlegel, Janos Zempleni

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Sulforaphane is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate in cruciferous vegetables. Sulforaphane inhibits histone deacetylases, leading to the transcriptional activation of genes including tumor suppressor genes. The compound has attracted considerable attention in the chemoprevention of prostate cancer. Here we tested the hypothesis that sulforaphane is not specific for tumor suppressor genes but also activates loci such as long terminal repeats (LTRs), which might impair genome stability. Studies were conducted using chemically pure sulforaphane in primary human IMR-90 fibroblasts and in broccoli sprout feeding studies in healthy adults. Sulforaphane (2.0 μM) caused an increase in LTR transcriptional activity in cultured cells. Consumption …

The Effects Of Polyethylene Glycosylated Creatine Supplementation On Anaerobic Performance Measures And Body Composition, Clayton L. Camic, Terry J. Housh, Jorge M Zuniga, Daniel A. Traylor, Haley Bergstrom, Richard J. Schmidt, Glen O. Johnson, Dona J. Housh

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 28 days of polyethylene glycosylated creatine (PEG-creatine) supplementation (1.25 and 2.50 g · d^-1) on anaerobic performance measures (vertical and broad jumps, 40-yard dash, 20-yard shuttle run, and 3-cone drill), upper- and lower-body muscular strength and endurance (bench press and leg extension), and body composition. This study used a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled parallel design. Seventy-seven adult men (mean age ± SD, 22.1 6 2.5 years; body mass, 81.7 ± 10.8 kg) volunteered to participate and were randomly assigned to a placebo (n = 23), 1.25 g …

Effectiveness Of Tailored Lifestyle Interventions, Using Web-Based And Print-Mail, For Reducing Blood Pressure Among Rural Women With Prehypertension: Main Results Of The Wellness For Women: Dashing Towards Health Clinical Trial, Patricia A. Hageman, Carol H. Pullen, Melody Hertzog, Linda S. Boeckner

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Lifestyle modification is recommended for management of prehypertension, yet finding effective interventions to reach rural women is a public health challenge. This community-based clinical trial compared the effectiveness of standard advice to two multi-component theory-based tailored interventions, using web-based or print-mailed delivery, in reducing blood pressure among rural women, ages 40–69, with prehypertension.

Methods: 289 women with prehypertension enrolled in the Wellness for Women: DASHing towards Health trial, a 12-month intervention with 12-month follow-up. Women were randomly assigned to groups using a 1:2:2 ratio, comparing standard advice (30-minute counseling session) to two interventions (two 2-hour counseling sessions, …

Serum Coenzyme Q10, Α-Tocopherol, Γ-Tocopherol, And C-Reactive Protein Levels And Body Mass Index In Adolescent And Premenopausal Females, Weiwen Chai, Rachel Novotny, Gertraud Maskarinec, Loic Le Marchand, Adrian A. Franke, Robert V. Cooney

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Objective

Lipid-soluble antioxidants are associated with a lower incidence for many chronic diseases of aging, possibly by preventing damage from chronic inflammation. In the current study, we compared serum levels of coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀), α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and C-reactive protein (CRP) between adolescent girls and premenopausal women to assess changes from childhood to midlife.

Methods

Baseline serum CoQ₁₀, α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and CRP levels were measured in 207 girls (13-19 years) and 183 premenopausal women (34-47 years) using standard methods and the two age groups were compared by t-test. The influence of age, body mass index (BMI) …

Pharmacological Targeting Of The Mammalian Clock Regulates Sleep Architecture And Emotional Behaviour, Subhashis Banerjee, Yongjun Wang, Laura A. Solt, Kristine Griffett, Melissa Kazantzis, Ariadna Amador, Bahaa M. El-Gendy, Salvador Huitron-Resendiz, Amanda J. Roberts, Youseung Shin, Theodore M. Kamenecka, Thomas P. Burris

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Synthetic drug-like molecules that directly modulate the activity of key clock proteins offer the potential to directly modulate the endogenous circadian rhythm and treat diseases associated with clock dysfunction. Here we demonstrate that synthetic ligands targeting a key component of the mammalian clock, the nuclear receptors REV-ERBα and β, regulate sleep architecture and emotional behaviour in mice. REV-ERB agonists induce wakefulness and reduce REM and slow-wave sleep. Interestingly, REV-ERB agonists also reduce anxiety-like behaviour. These data are consistent with increased anxiety-like behaviour of REV-ERBβ-null mice, in which REV-ERB agonists have no effect. These results indicate that pharmacological targeting of REV-ERB …