Nutrition Commons^™

Anti-Cancer Effects Of Tocotrienols In Nsclc, Lichchavi Raj Raj

Wayne State University Dissertations

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death among cancers, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for 80-85% of all lung cancers and a five-year survival rate of 5 % at stage IIIB. Delta-tocotrienol (δT) including other tocotrienol isomers has been shown to exhibit anti-tumor activity via inhibition of different signaling pathways in tumors including NSCLC. Previously we reported that δT reduced cell invasion via inhibition of the Notch-1 and NF-κb pathway.

Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) dependent cell migration and invasion are key processes in cancer metastasis. Hence, its suppression is a promising strategy for cancer therapeutics. …

The Effect Of Oil Palm Phenolics (Opp) On Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (Pdac) In Transgenic Mouse Model, Nurul Huda Razalli

Wayne State University Dissertations

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an extremely aggressive form of pancreatic cancer with low survival rates partly due to late diagnosis and poor treatment outcomes. The use of chemotherapy drug, gemcitabine alone often provides minimal benefits. This study explored the in vivo effect of oil palm phenolics (OPP), a water-soluble extract from oil palm in transgenic mouse model of PDAC and its combination with gemcitabine. Administration of 5% dietary OPP was found to be non-toxic in non-PDAC controls. Compared to single agent therapy with either OPP or gemcitabine, OPP-gemcitabine combination showed a superior benefit with profound synergistic effect both as …

Synergistic Effect Of Natural Antimicrobials Produced From Food On Foodborne Pathogens And Effect Of Meat Production Method On Quality And Shelf Life Of Meat, Mahdi Hassan Al-Ali

Wayne State University Dissertations

Meat is highly perishable food since it contains sufficient nutrients needed to support the growth of microorganisms which is effect of nutritional value and spoilage of meat. There are many methods are available to control food pathogens in meat. Using natural antimicrobial may be is a good option because it is provide many benefits. This study showed the synergistic effect of individual and combinations of lactoferrin, lysozyme and nisin in-vitro and in-vivo (in meat) had significant effect (P < 0.05) on reducing the number of foodborne pathogens in meat. Toxigenic Staphylococcus aureus contamination in meat is a major problem in public health due to the production of heat-stable enterotoxins. Also, S.aureus expresses an many array of virulence factors contribute to the ability of S. aureus to cause infection, our results showed that high percentage (42.9) of S. aureus in meat and 80.9 % of S. aureus isolates contained at least one enterotoxin gene. The three most common enterotoxin genes in meat were sea gene (61.9%) followed by seh gene (33.3%) and sei gene (30.1). Some of S. aureus isolates contained more than one enterotoxin gene. In addition, our results indicated that S. aureus isolates from meat showed different antimicrobial resistance levels against fourteen antibiotics. Also, S. aureus multidrug resistant were high in meat. There are different types of meat based on the meat production method. Halal meat is produced without stunning prior to slaughter, resulting in a rapid and complete bleeding of animals. Our results showed that halal meat production method resulted in significantly lower residual heme iron than conventional method with stunning (non-halal method). Microbiological analyses of fresh meat samples showed that halal meat production method had significantly lower (P < 0.05) microbial count than non-halal meat method. Storage of meat is critical because during storage even with proper refrigeration, the meat ultimately undergoes deteriorative changes including microbial spoilage, oxidative changes. Our results indicated that meat production method significantly affects the meat quality not only for fresh meat but also during storage. Microbiological analyses of meat samples during storage for three weeks at 4°C showed that halal meat method had significantly lower (P < 0.05) microbial count than non-halal meat. Physiochemical analyses showed that quality indicators for meat such as lipid oxidation, drip loss, pH, and heme iron content were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in halal meat than non-halal meat during storage. Halal meat processing may be advantageous in reducing bacterial colonization, increasing the usable shelf life, and improving the quality of the fresh and stored meat.

Development Of An Arab Food Frequency Questionnaire And Examination Of Changes In Dietary Patterns In Arab Immigrant Women To The United States, Samiah Alqahtani

Wayne State University Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: Immigrants to the U.S. face challenges and changes regarding to their food intake patterns that may be associated with their health status. However, less is known about the intake patterns among Arab immigrants.

OBJECTIVES 1: To establish a food intake database using 24-hr dietary records from Arab females who immigrated to the U.S. for less than 5 years, 5 to 10 years and greater than 10 years, as well as women still living in SA; 2: To establish an Arab Food Frequency Questionnaire (AFFQ) for future nutrition-related studies with Arab populations.

AIMS 1: To test the hypothesis that as …

Effects Of Dietary Intake Of Antioxidants And Omega-3 Fatty Acids On Free Radical Production In Children At Various Stages Of Chronic Kidney Disease, Linda Marie Sawyer

Wayne State University Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between dietary intake of antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids on free radical injury and free radical scavenging in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) so that complications of kidney failure, especially cardiovascular disease, may be avoided or delayed. Children with CKD on dialysis and post-renal transplantation are at an extremely high risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that children with CKD who have higher dietary intake of antioxidants and omega-3 FAs, would have lower free radical injury, as measured by 8-Isoprostanes (8-ISOP) and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) …

The In Vivo Effect Of Oil Palm Phenolics (Opp) In Atherogenic Diet Induced Rats Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease (Ad), Yan Wu

Wayne State University Dissertations

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the aging population. It is characterized by cognitive decline and deposition of ß-amyloid plaques in the hippocampus. It has been shown that hypercholesterolemia induced by high cholesterol diet is associated with AD development. Increased level of oxidative stress has also been observed in AD patients. An important strategy to treat or delay the impairment is based on dietary modification, using food supplements. OPP, a water soluble fraction from oil palm fruit, rich in phenolics has been found to possess significant antioxidant activities. Its beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases, diabetes …