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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Design Of Affordable Polyaniline - Based Wearable Sensor For Real Time Plant Growth Monitoring, Temitope Borode
Design Of Affordable Polyaniline - Based Wearable Sensor For Real Time Plant Growth Monitoring, Temitope Borode
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The need for precision agriculture in today and future farming cannot be overstressed. Recent agriculture is characterized by numerous challenges such as environmental stressors and resource constraints resulting in low crop yield and unsustainable agriculture practices. Understanding plant growth mechanism and growth rate under the external influence is a bedrock towards precision agriculture practices ensuring optimum yield and sustainable utilization of resources. The current study addresses this need by developing and applying an affordable and stable sensor for monitoring plant growth. The sensor was fabricated by in-situ chemical polymerization of aniline on an elastic band substrate by dip coating. The …
The Role Of The Auxin Biosynthesis And Signaling In Soybean Root Nodule Development, Mucahid Bozkus
The Role Of The Auxin Biosynthesis And Signaling In Soybean Root Nodule Development, Mucahid Bozkus
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Nitrogen(N) is one of the most important plant nutrients for plant growth and yield, however, its abundance in the soil is not sufficient for profitable crop production. The use of chemical fertilizers helps address soil N deficiency in agriculture. However, due to the environmental pollution resulting from excessive use of fertilizers, alternative forms of N for agriculture are a necessity. Leguminous plants such as soybean (Glycine max) form a symbiotic association with N-fixing rhizobia to meet their N demands. Legume-rhizobia symbiosis results in the formation of unique structures called nodules where rhizobia convert atmospheric nitrogen into plant usable forms, thus …
Burning With Potential: Understanding The Relationship Between Biochar And Agriculture Of The Northern Glaciated Plains Ecoregion, Kaitlyn Abrahamson
Burning With Potential: Understanding The Relationship Between Biochar And Agriculture Of The Northern Glaciated Plains Ecoregion, Kaitlyn Abrahamson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Achieving global sustainable agriculture is one of the most incredible challenges of this century, yet many continue to try to solve this problem through the development of precision technologies. Biotechnologies, such as biochar, can perform like a precision technology while protecting agricultural land from soil erosion and fertility loss. The Northern Glaciated Plains ecoregion of the United States is little researched in the benefits from the use of biochar through improved soil nutrient capture and water retention, crop health improvements, and yield increases. The study plot has four sections of corn stover biochar and eight sections of control sections. This …
In-Season Crop Management Effect On Soybean Yield And Grain Quality In Eastern South Dakota, Kelsey Bergman
In-Season Crop Management Effect On Soybean Yield And Grain Quality In Eastern South Dakota, Kelsey Bergman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield has increased over time by introduction of newer varieties and improved agronomic practices. However, grain protein concentration has been decreasing at the same time. New field studies in 2018 and 2019 investigated inseason crop management practices effect such as use of foliar protection application, fertilizer application, different maturity length or different planting dates on grain yield and grain quality. The studies were established near Brookings, SD and Beresford, SD. In-season treatments were targeting nutrient availability or protecting soybean canopy during the grain filling period. Such treatments included the use of fungicide, insecticide, or supplying …
Characterization Of Bacterial Endophytes Isolated From Brassica Carinata And Their Potential Use To Decrease Nutrient Requirements In Crops, Alex Soupir
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bacterial endophytes have the capability to enhance plant growth by producing plant growth hormones, solubilizing phosphates, suppressing pathogenic fungi, and reducing plant stress hormones. These capabilities make them desirable limiting the amount of nutrients and pesticides that are applied to crops. Through these assays and isolations, it is possible to identify novel bacterial species. In-vitro testing had shown 9 of the 20 isolates possess the ability to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) with Pantoea agglomerans BC09 producing a concentration of 30.2 ng/μl over 4 days. BC09, Bacillus subilis BC10, and Pantoea sp. BC12 were able to solubilize calcium phosphate, 7 endophytes …
Species Of Fusarium Causing Root Rot Of Soybean In South Dakota: Characterization, Pathogenicity, And Interaction With Heterodera Glycines, Paul Nyawanda Okello
Species Of Fusarium Causing Root Rot Of Soybean In South Dakota: Characterization, Pathogenicity, And Interaction With Heterodera Glycines, Paul Nyawanda Okello
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In South Dakota, Fusarium-associated diseases (e.g. seedling diseases, root rot and sudden death syndrome) are emerging threats to soybean production. Several species of Fusarium have been reported to cause these diseases in the soybean producing regions of the United States and in the world. However, little information is available on the species of Fusarium causing soybean root rot in South Dakota and their pathogenicity. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the species of Fusarium causing soybean root rot in South Dakota; (2) evaluate the cross-pathogenicity of species of Fusarium causing root rot of soybean and corn; …
Characterizing Spatiotemporal Patterns Of White Mold In Soybean Across South Dakota Using Remote Sensing, Confiance L. Mfuka
Characterizing Spatiotemporal Patterns Of White Mold In Soybean Across South Dakota Using Remote Sensing, Confiance L. Mfuka
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Soybean is among the most important crops, cultivated primarily for beans, which are used for food, feed, and biofuel. According to FAO, the United States was the biggest soybeans producer in 2016. The main soybean producing regions in the United States are the Corn Belt and the lower Mississippi Valley. Despite its importance, soybean production is reduced by several diseases, among which Sclerotinia stem rot, also known as white mold, a fungal disease that is caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is among the top 10 soybean diseases. The disease may attack several plants and considerably reduce yield. According to …
Cropping Sequence Affects Subsequent Soybean Yield, Soil Microbiome And Soil Health, Izzet Bulbul
Cropping Sequence Affects Subsequent Soybean Yield, Soil Microbiome And Soil Health, Izzet Bulbul
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Rotation is an important cultural practice that farmers use to manage crop growth and diseases. Diversified crop rotations directly affect plant residue inputs that may enrich specific groups of microbes that form beneficial associations with the following crop. At two field sites, yield differences were observed in soybeans planted after the following four long-term (14 year) crop sequences: continuous corn (CC), corn (Zea mays)/corn/soybean (Glycine max) (CCS), corn/soybean/corn (CSC), soybean/corn/soybean (SCS). Soybean yields were in decreasing order, CC>CCS>CSC>SCS, and the yield differences could not be explained by soil chemical and physical properties previously …
Evaluation Of An Essential Oil Blend And A Novel Soybean Variety As Alternatives To Preventative Antibiotic Use In Monogastrics, Samantha Tauer
Evaluation Of An Essential Oil Blend And A Novel Soybean Variety As Alternatives To Preventative Antibiotic Use In Monogastrics, Samantha Tauer
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Increasing consumer pressure to minimize antibiotic use and the implementation of the Veterinary Feed Directive in 2017 has increased research on alternatives to preventative antibiotics. This thesis focuses on evaluation of Ralco’s Microfused™ Essential Oils (MEO) fed to broilers and soybean meal from low allergenicity soybeans fed to weaned pigs and their potential use as alternatives to antibiotics. Essential oils are known to have antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiparasitic, and digestive stimulant effects. Low allergenicity (LA) soybeans were bred to contain significantly lower concentrations of the following anti-nutritional factors and allergenic proteins: Kunitz trypsin inhibitor, soybean agglutinin (lectin), and P34 (Gly m …
Impacts On Salmonid Rearing Performance With Use Of Dietary Bioprocessed Plant-Based Protein And Water Velocity, Jill Voorhees
Impacts On Salmonid Rearing Performance With Use Of Dietary Bioprocessed Plant-Based Protein And Water Velocity, Jill Voorhees
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The inclusion of bioprocessed soybean (Glycine max) meal was evaluated in five experiments using either Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) or Brown Trout (Salmo trutta). In the first experiment, adult Erwin x Arlee strain Rainbow Trout were fed diets formulated so that bioprocessed soybean meal (BSM) replaced 0, 60, or 80% of the dietary fishmeal. There were no significant differences in gain, percent gain, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, intestinal morphology, relative fin lengths, or organosomatic indices. In the second experiment, juvenile Plymouth strain Brown Trout were fed diets formulated so that BSM replaced 0, 60, 80, or 100% of …
Regulation Of Local Auxin Metabolism During Soybean Nodule Development, Suresh Damodaran
Regulation Of Local Auxin Metabolism During Soybean Nodule Development, Suresh Damodaran
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Legume-rhizobia symbiosis leads to the development of secondary root organs called nodules. Rhizobia bacteria housed inside nodules assimilate atmospheric nitrogen and convert them into plant usable forms thereby reducing the need for fertilizer application in crop legumes like soybean. Nodule development is a coordinated process orchestrated by multiple plant hormones. In soybean, the auxin responsive gene expression was detected in nodule primordia and in the periphery of mature nodules, primarily in nodule vasculature. Auxin hypersensitivity reduces nodule formation in soybean and also polar auxin transport inhibition at the site of nodule development is not crucial for determinate nodule formation. Therefore, …
Insecticidal Seed And In-Furrow Treatment Recommendations For Soybean And Sunflower, Brady Hauswedell
Insecticidal Seed And In-Furrow Treatment Recommendations For Soybean And Sunflower, Brady Hauswedell
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Throughout the 2016 and 2017 growing season, field research experiments were replicated across South Dakota. Many times seed treatments are used prophylactic, which is neither good for the producers or the environment. Producers will be able to reduce production costs, if they only use a seed treatment when necessary. The purpose of the first experiment was to determine the effects of seed treatments in combination with planting date and seeding rate on soybean yield. To determine the effects, two years of field data from four eastern South Dakota locations were compared. Within each year and location we compared two planting …
Phytophthora Sojae Infecting Soybean: Pathotype Diversity, New Sources Of Resistance And Interaction With The Soybean Cyst Nematode, Rawnaq Nazneen Chowdhury
Phytophthora Sojae Infecting Soybean: Pathotype Diversity, New Sources Of Resistance And Interaction With The Soybean Cyst Nematode, Rawnaq Nazneen Chowdhury
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Phytophthora root and stem rot, caused by Phytophthora sojae Kaufmann and Gerdemann, is an important disease of soybean (Glycine max L.) in South Dakota. To gain a better understanding of the importance of P. sojae in South Dakota, specifically pathotype diversity, identification of new resistance sources and the interaction with the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, SCN), this research was undertaken with the following objectives - 1) to characterize the pathotype diversity of P. sojae causing Phytophthora root and stem rot on soybean in commercial fields in South Dakota; 2) to compare inoculation methods to evaluate for …
Regulation Of Arf16-2 By Microrna160 During Soybean Root Nodule Development, Spencer Schreier
Regulation Of Arf16-2 By Microrna160 During Soybean Root Nodule Development, Spencer Schreier
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Soybean is an excellent candidate for sustainable agriculture due to its production of nutritious, versatile beans and the ability to form symbiotic organs called root nodules that perform nitrogen fixation. As demand for both yield and sustainable agriculture continue to increase, root nodules offer an attractive alternative to expensive and environmentally harmful nitrogen fertilizers. Understanding root nodule formation may open genetic engineering avenues for optimizing nitrogen fixation performance and transferring the nodule-formation ability to other plants. A major determinant of nodule numbers and quality in soybean is microRNA 160 (miR160), which dictates developmental stage-specific auxin sensitivity by targeting repressor auxin …
Evaluation Of Flame Weeding In Southeastern South Dakota, Benjamin William Arlt
Evaluation Of Flame Weeding In Southeastern South Dakota, Benjamin William Arlt
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Weed management is the main yield-limiting factor in production of organic crops. Currently, organic producers have limited resources available for in-row weed management. Flame weeding has been recognized for its potential as one part of an integrated approach at weed management in organic systems. Flame weeding uses propane fueled torches to heat plant tissue and denature proteins, thus injuring or destroying the affected tissue. When properly timed, flame weeding can effectively be used for weed control in corn and soybean fields. Corn and soybean have both shown tolerances to flame weeding and minimal yield loss with well-managed and timed flame …
Soybean Yield And Plant Response To Phosphorus Fertilization, Rebecca L. Helget
Soybean Yield And Plant Response To Phosphorus Fertilization, Rebecca L. Helget
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Phosphorus (P) is a key limiting nutrient for soybean production in South Dakota. Soil tests have been used as a baseline indicator for plant available P and fertilizer recommendations for over a century. Plant nutrient analysis may be used to complement a soil test as a way to validate fertilizer and management practices. Soybean nutrient sufficiency ranges have only been slightly adjusted since they were published in the 1960’s. The objectives of this study were to update the soil test P and soybean plant P sufficiency level in South Dakota and to recognize implications of improper plant sampling. We also …
Transcriptional And Post-Transcriptional Regulation Of Nodule-Specific Gene Expression In Soybean, Sajag Adhikari
Transcriptional And Post-Transcriptional Regulation Of Nodule-Specific Gene Expression In Soybean, Sajag Adhikari
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Lateral roots and nodules are two important nutrient acquisition organs in soybean. The evolutionary origin of nodules from lateral roots has been highly hypothesized based on morphological similarities and genetic studies, but gene expression profiles during the formation of these organs have not been compared. In addition, the role of post-transcriptional gene regulation during nodule development has not been thoroughly explored. Bridging these knowledge gaps is crucial to develop genetic/biotechnological strategies to optimize nutrient acquisition and sustainable production of crops. To answer some of the outstanding questions about regulation of gene expression during nodule development, (i) global transcriptome analyses of …