Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Biology (4)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (4)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (3)
- Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology (3)
- Behavior and Ethology (2)
-
- Environmental Sciences (2)
- Marine Biology (2)
- Natural Resources Management and Policy (2)
- Natural Resources and Conservation (2)
- Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (2)
- Population Biology (2)
- Animal Sciences (1)
- Animal Studies (1)
- Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (1)
- Biodiversity (1)
- Fresh Water Studies (1)
- Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology (1)
- Ornithology (1)
- Poultry or Avian Science (1)
- Service Learning (1)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (1)
- Sociology (1)
- Institution
- Publication
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Influence Of Predation Environment On The Sensory Ecology Of Brachyrhaphis Rhabdophora, Alexandra Grace Duffy
The Influence Of Predation Environment On The Sensory Ecology Of Brachyrhaphis Rhabdophora, Alexandra Grace Duffy
Theses and Dissertations
Across the animal kingdom, predation is a ubiquitous and omnipresent selective agent for a variety of traits. I aimed to address gaps in our knowledge pertaining to how predation shapes animal behavior. Many species of fish naturally occur in drainages that differ in the density of predators and exhibit obvious population divergence, making them ideal study organisms to investigate predator-driven behavioral evolution. In Chapter 1, I conducted a systematic review of the literature. The purpose of this review was to determine if predation acted as a stronger or weaker selective agent on particular behavioral traits (e.g., foraging, mating, antipredator etc.) …
Stress And Predation Impacts On North American Quail Translocations, Curt A. Vandenberg, Sarah A. Currier, Jeffrey G. Whitt, Kelly S. Reyna
Stress And Predation Impacts On North American Quail Translocations, Curt A. Vandenberg, Sarah A. Currier, Jeffrey G. Whitt, Kelly S. Reyna
National Quail Symposium Proceedings
Translocations have been used in attempts to bolster or restore native quail populations for >150 years, often with little success. However, with some northeastern United States quail populations undetectable or extirpated, and others across the United States on the extreme decline, translocation as a tool for quail population restoration is becoming increasingly popular. Two factors contributing to translocation failure are physiological stress and predation. Chronic stress associated with translocations can result in weight loss, reduced immune system function, suppressed reproduction, and an altered fight-or-flight response. These stress-induced responses increase vulnerability to predation, the primary cause of quail mortality. Here, we …
Diurnal Occurrence Of Great-Horned Owls On Northern Bobwhite Hunting Properties In Southwest Georgia, Justin A. Rectenwald, Philip M. Coppola, Theron M. Terhune Ii, D. Clay Sisson, James A. Martin
Diurnal Occurrence Of Great-Horned Owls On Northern Bobwhite Hunting Properties In Southwest Georgia, Justin A. Rectenwald, Philip M. Coppola, Theron M. Terhune Ii, D. Clay Sisson, James A. Martin
National Quail Symposium Proceedings
Understanding interactions between prey species and their predators is essential to discerning the ecology and management fundamentals of a species. Great-horned owls (Bubo virginianus) have long been considered an opportunistic predator of northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus; hereafter, bobwhite) and recent studies have demonstrated that bobwhite survival is reduced at higher great-horned owl densities (Rectenwald et al. 2021). Managers on quail properties often mechanically remove live oak (Quercus virginiana) hammocks as part of larger predation management plans to reduce the amount of suitable predator habitat. While scattered live oaks are typically left for aesthetic purposes, …
Investigating Cause-Specific Mortality Of Sheep To Determine The Impacts Of Carnivores On Domestic Livestock, Nathan Jacob Floyd
Investigating Cause-Specific Mortality Of Sheep To Determine The Impacts Of Carnivores On Domestic Livestock, Nathan Jacob Floyd
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Livestock and carnivores interact in ways that are considered conflict throughout the world. In the western United States, livestock are often grazed on public lands in close proximity to predators in their natural habitat, and can be killed as prey. Livestock losses to predators can threaten rancher’s livelihoods. Sheep and lambs are especially vulnerable to predators due to their small size and lack of defensive abilities. To reduce the impacts that predators have on livestock, it is important for ranchers and wildlife biologists to have an accurate understanding of how many livestock die and are killed by predators when grazing …
Recruitment, Cost Indexes, And Management Of Box-Nesting Wood Ducks In South Carolina And North Carolina, Emily Miller
Recruitment, Cost Indexes, And Management Of Box-Nesting Wood Ducks In South Carolina And North Carolina, Emily Miller
All Theses
The wood duck (Aix sponsa) has experienced one of the most significant declines and recoveries among species of North American waterfowl (Anatidae). With enactment of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (1918) and installation of hundreds of thousands of artificial nest structures for this cavity-nesting species in North America, wood duck populations have recovered and remain a sustainable harvested resource. However, long-term research on box-nesting wood ducks conducted at the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, South Carolina, has revealed uncertainty as to whether recruitment rates of yearling females from natal box-nesting populations are self-sustaining without immigration of hens from …
How Flow Regime Affects Predator-Prey Relationships Of Stream Darter And Shiner Species, Anna E. Richardson
How Flow Regime Affects Predator-Prey Relationships Of Stream Darter And Shiner Species, Anna E. Richardson
Biological Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses
Analysis of the interactions between abiotic and biotic factors of environments and ecosystems is a highly valued area of research. This study focuses on the interactions between the biotic component of predation and foraging of certain stream fish species and the abiotic component of the flow regime that those species reside in. Gut content analysis followed by statistical calculations in the form of t-tests and chi -quared tests were performed on two fish species who both inhabited a stream with a groundwater flashy flow regime as well as a stream with a runoff flashy flow regime. The research showed that …
Bear Presence Attracts Avian Predators But Does Not Impact Lesser Snow Goose Daily Nest Attendance, Andrew F. Barnas, Brian J. Darby, David T. Iles, David N. Koons, Robert F. Rockwell, Christina A.D. Semeniuk, Susan N. Ellis-Felege
Bear Presence Attracts Avian Predators But Does Not Impact Lesser Snow Goose Daily Nest Attendance, Andrew F. Barnas, Brian J. Darby, David T. Iles, David N. Koons, Robert F. Rockwell, Christina A.D. Semeniuk, Susan N. Ellis-Felege
Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research Publications
The presence of foraging bears in Arctic breeding bird colonies has been increasingly reported in the literature, and these may constitute disturbance events which cause incubating birds to leave their nest. Avian predators may associate with bears during such events, likely to capitalize on unattended nests in the presence of bears. Here, we estimated changes in daily nest attendance of lesser snow geese Anser caerulescens caerulescens in the presence of foraging bears, and estimated the association between foraging bears and avian predators. We predicted decreased nest attendance by geese on days with bears, and close associations between avian predators and …
Predation In Many Dimensions: Spatial Context Is Important For Meaningful Functional Response Experiments, Steven A. Juliano, Jonah A. Goughnour, Geoffrey D. Ower
Predation In Many Dimensions: Spatial Context Is Important For Meaningful Functional Response Experiments, Steven A. Juliano, Jonah A. Goughnour, Geoffrey D. Ower
Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences
For simplicity and to minimize variation, functional response experiments frequently use environments of simple physical structure and small size. Less attention is paid to similarity of the experimental environment to the natural environment where predation occurs. Assumptions about predator and prey use of space are often implied in the choice of experimental environment. We illustrate how these assumptions may affect conclusions with an experiment testing how arena size affects a functional response. Toxorhynchites rutilus preyed upon larval Culex restuans in containers differing in volume by 15x, but spanning a similar range of prey/liter. The most plausible Type II model included …
Diversity And Time-Series Analyses Of Caribbean Deep-Sea Coral And Sponge Assemblages On The Tropical Island Slope Of Isla De Roatán, Honduras, Peter J. Etnoyer, Charles G. Messing, Karl A. Stanley, Tomasz K. Baumiller, Kate Lavelle, Thomas C. Shirley
Diversity And Time-Series Analyses Of Caribbean Deep-Sea Coral And Sponge Assemblages On The Tropical Island Slope Of Isla De Roatán, Honduras, Peter J. Etnoyer, Charles G. Messing, Karl A. Stanley, Tomasz K. Baumiller, Kate Lavelle, Thomas C. Shirley
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles
Shore-based submersible operations, from 2006 to 2020, have allowed us to examine megabenthic assemblages along the island margin of Isla de Roatán from depths of about 150 to 750 m, including repeated observations of the same organisms. These dives were used to photo-document a diverse benthic assemblage and observe the health and condition of the sessile fauna in a well-explored but relatively undocumented area of the Mesoamerican Reef. Samples were collected by dip net, and some dives profiled the water column chemistry in the year 2011. The deep-sea coral assemblage observed off Roatan exhibits high abundance and diversity. The sessile …
Functional Response Of Harmonia Axyridis To The Larvae Of Spodoptera Litura: The Combined Effect Of Temperatures And Prey Instars, Yasir Islam, Farhan Mahmood Shah, Ali Güncan, John Paul Delong, Xingmiao Zhou
Functional Response Of Harmonia Axyridis To The Larvae Of Spodoptera Litura: The Combined Effect Of Temperatures And Prey Instars, Yasir Islam, Farhan Mahmood Shah, Ali Güncan, John Paul Delong, Xingmiao Zhou
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Functional responses are central to predator–prey dynamics and describe how predation varies with prey abundance. Functional responses often are measured without regard to prey size (i.e., body mass) or the temperature dependence of feeding rates. However, variation in prey size within populations is ubiquitous, and predation rates are often both size and temperature-dependent. Here, we assessed functional responses of larvae and adult Harmonia axyridis on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd instars of the prey Spodoptera litura across a range of temperatures (i.e., 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35◦C). The type and parameters of the functional responses were determined using logistic …
Forage Database: A Compilation Of Functional Responses For Consumers And Parasitoids, Stella Uiterwaal, Ian T. Lagerstrom, Shelby R. Lyon, John Delong
Forage Database: A Compilation Of Functional Responses For Consumers And Parasitoids, Stella Uiterwaal, Ian T. Lagerstrom, Shelby R. Lyon, John Delong
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Functional responses, the relationships between consumer foraging rate and resource (prey) density, provide key insights into consumer–resource interactions while also being a major driver of population dynamics and food web structure. We present a global database of 2598 standardized functional responses and parameters extracted from the published literature. We refit the functional responses with a Type II model using standardized methods and report the fitted parameters along with data on experimental conditions, consumer and resource taxonomy and type, as well as the habitat and dimensionality of the foraging interaction. The consumer and resource species covered here are taxonomically diverse, from …