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Animal Science Department News, Department Of Animal Science

Animal Science Newsletters

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Growing South Dakota (Spring 2021), College Of Agriculture, Food And Environmental Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

This issue contains the 2020 SDSU Extension Annual Report and 2020 South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station Annual Report.
[Page] 3 COVID-19 Impacts
[Page] 9 Precision Agriculture: What's New
[Page] 13 Featured Research
[Page] 19 SDSU Extension 2020 Annual Report
[Page] 45 South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station 2020 Annual Report
[Page] 55 CAFES News and Updates
[Page] 67 Alumni News
[Page] 75 Alumni Gone Down in History
[Page] 81 Jackrabbits Now and Then: A Current Student and Alumni Q&A

Sdsu Beef Day 2021 Complete Proceedings, Department Of Animal Science, Sdsu Extension

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

This is the complete proceedings of the South Dakota State University, Department of Animal Science Beef Day 2021. The proceedings contain research presented on the following topics:
Feedlot
Extension
Herd Management
Meat Science and Food Safety

Nose Color Of Charolais × British Crossbred Beef Steers Alters Marbling Score And Body Weight At A Common Degree Of Fatness In Steers Reared Under Similar Management From Birth Through Finishing, Thomas G. Hamilton, Zachary K. Smith

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective:

The objective of this study was to determine if cattle could be sorted and performance could be predicted by nose color (Pink or Black) when carcass traits and body weight were evaluated at a common endpoint in Charolais x British crossbred beef steers. Pink nosed cattle were assumed to be progeny of Red Angus dams and black nosed cattle were assumed to be progeny of Black Angus dams.

Evaluation Of Kws Hybrid Rye On Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, And Efficiency Of Net Energy Utilization In Finishing Feedlot Steers, Warren Rusche, Julie Walker, Southeast South Dakota Research Farm, Becca Brattain, Zachary Smith

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
Our objectives were to determine the effects of hybrid rye inclusion on finishing steer performance and carcass characteristics, and to estimate net energy (NE) value.
Study Description
Predominately Angus steers (n = 240, initial shrunk bodyweight [BW] = 891 ± 40.8 pounds) were used in 117-d finishing experiment. Hybrid rye was used to replace either one-third, two-thirds, or 100% of dry-rolled corn (DRC) resulting in four treatments: [DRC:Rye, DM basis (60:0), (40:20), (20:40), and (0:60)] with six pens per treatment and 10 steers/pen. Performance adjusted NE values were calculated from performance and carcass data. Replacing DRC with rye linearly …

Effect Of Corn Silage Inclusion Level And Steroidal Implant Type On Growth Performance, Dietary Net Energy Utilization, Beef Production Per Acre And Apparent Total Tract Digestibility In Feedlot Finishing Steers, Elizabeth Buckhaus, Warren Rusche, Zachary Smith

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The experimental objective was to determine the influence corn silage inclusion level and terminal implant type have on animal performance, carcass traits, and beef production per acre of cropland in finishing steers harvested at a common fatness endpoint.
Study Description
Maine-Anjou × Angus beef steers (n = 156 steers; initial BW 807 ± 81.9 lbs) were used in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement finishing experiment at the Ruminant Nutrition Center in Brookings, SD. Steers were weighed on 2 consecutive days and assigned into 5 weight blocks. Dietary treatments consisted (DM basis) of 1) 15% (CS15) or 2) 30% …

Evaluation Of Bacillus Subtilis Pb6 Probiotic (Clostat®500) On Feedlot Phase Growth Performance, Efficiency Of Dietary Net Energy Utilization, And Fecal And Subiliac Lymph Node Salmonella Prevalence In Spring Placement Yearling Beef Steers Fed In Southeastern South Dakota, Zachary K. Smith, P. Rand Broadway, Warren C. Rusche, Julie A. Walker, Keith R. Underwood, Jeri;Yn E. Hergenreder

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The objective of this research was to determine the influence of Bacillus subtilis PB6 administration had on growth performance, carcass traits, and Salmonella prevalence in yearling steers placed on feed in March in southeastern South Dakota that were not subjected to marketing or environmental stressors during the finishing phase.
Study Description
Yearling crossbred beef steers (N = 238; initial shrunk BW = 886 ± 68.8 lbs) were used in a 140-d finishing study at the Southeast Research Farm (SERF) in Beresford, SD. Steers were allotted to one of 24 pens (N = 9 to 10 steers/pen) and assigned to …

Effects Of Harvest Maturity And/Or Kernel Processing On Corn Silage Processing Score And Particle Size Of Corn Silage, Thomas Hamilton, Julie Walker, Warren Rusche, Zachary Smith

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
A single corn hybrid was used to evaluate harvest maturity (Mat) and/or kernel processing (KP) effects on corn silage processing score (CSPS) and particle size (PS).
Study Description
Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial of: 1) Mat (early and late) and 2) KP (no or yes). A single corn field was planted on April 27, 2020. There were 12 loads (experimental unit) per simple effect treatment mean. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design. Early harvest (3/4 milk line) occurred on August 28, 2020 [yield (as is) = 17.40 tons/acre; DM = 43.1%; CP, NDF, …

Estimating The Effects Of Weather, Dry Matter Intake, And Body Weight On Daily Water Intake In Weaned Calves, Zach S. Mcdaniel, Himali Wickramasinghe, Cody L. Wright, Michael G. Gonda, Zachary K. Smith

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The purpose of this study was to study the effect of weather, dry matter intake, and body weight on the water requirements of weaned calves and estimating the requirements in a model.
Study Description
Weaned steers (n=48) were selected to study the effects of the weather, body weight, and dry matter intake on water intake in the winter (n=24) and summer (n=24) months. Calves were provided with ad libitum access to feed and water at the SDSU Cow-Calf Education and Research Facility (CCERF) and measured utilizing an automated feed and water system (Insentec, The Hague, Netherlands). Temperature, humidity, precipitation, …

Virtual Feedlot Shortcourse: When Life Hands Out Lemons, Warren Rusche

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The COVID-19 pandemic forced changes in how Extension programming was delivered in 2020. Web-based distance learning tools were used to deliver educational material when it was impractical to use traditional delivery methods. Study Description
The SDSU Extension Feedlot Shortcourse has traditionally been an in-person event with as much opportunity for hands-on learning and demonstrations as possible. The program is offered over a two-day period in August at the SDSU Cow-Calf Education and Research Facility with approximately 30 participants each year, on average. The program addresses feed delivery and mixing, animal health, production technologies, and risk management. However, the events …

North Central Farm And Ranch Stress Assistance Center: A Comprehensive Needs Assessment In South Dakota, Krista Ehlert, Andrea Bjornestad

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The overall objective of this project is to work with mobilized partners to form the North Central Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Center (NC FRSAC). The NC FRSAC will create and expand stress management and mental health resources and services to agricultural producers, advocates and stakeholders who support agricultural producers. This project is led by the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. South Dakota State University is one of the partners and our supporting objective is to establish a state-wide task force to develop an assistance network, conduct a comprehensive needs assessment, develop and implement educational workshops to producers and their …

Developing Web Application Tools To Support Beef Cattle Production, Jameson Brennan, Krista Ehlert

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The objective of this project was to demonstrate the development of web-based applications to help producers gather and utilize data to make more informed management decisions for their operation.

Vaccinating The Young Calf With A Parenteral Adjuvanted Vaccine To Develop A Protective Brsv Iga Nasal Response, Karim W. Abdelsalam, Elizabeth A. Kolb, Robin E. Buterbaugh, Carol L. Rinehart, Douglas Ensley, George A. Perry, Christopher C.L. Chase

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an adjuvanted modified live virus (MLV) vaccine in the presence of well-defined maternal passive immunity.
Study Description
Calves were vaccinated at approximately 1 month of age and challenged ~90 days later when BRSV systemic antibodies were less than 1:4. Clinical signs, nasal secretions and blood samples for virus measurement [polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virus isolation (VI)] and to measure for mucosal BRSV IgA antibodies were collected and the animals were euthanized and necropsied 8 days post infection. Body temperature and other clinical signs were lower at 6 …

Interactions Of Change In Nutrition After Ai On Plasma Metabolites, Steroid Hormone Production, And Uterine Environment, Taylor N. Andrews, Kaitlin M. Epperson, Jerica J.J. Rich, Saulo Menegatti Zoca, Adalaide C. Kline, Lacey K. Quail, Abigail L. Zezeski, Thomas W. Geary, Julie A. Walker, George A. Perry

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The objective was to evaluate the impact of nutritional changes post artificial insemination (AI) on plasma metabolites, steroid hormones, and uterine environment.
Study Description
Beef heifers (n = 43) were randomly assigned to two dietary treatment groups (High = 161.5% or Low = 77.5% of maintenance energy) for 14 d after AI (post-AI). Post-AI dietary treatments continued until uteri were flushed for embryo recovery (d 14 post-AI). Blood samples were collected on d -3, 0 (day of AI), 3, 6, 9, 12, and 14 for analysis of plasma glucose, proteins, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), and cholesterol using colorimetric assays. …

Use Of Pregnancy Associated Glycoproteins To Determine Fetal Age Throughout Gestation In Cattle, Adalaide C. Kline, Kaitlin M. Epperson, Jerica J.J. Rich, Saulo Menegatti Zoca, Taylor N. Andrews, Lacey K. Quail, Jim R. Rhoades, George A. Perry

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The objective of the current study was to determine if a commercially available blood pregnancy test could be modified to detect differences in pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) concentrations to indicate stage of pregnancy or fetal age in cattle.
Study Description
Previously identified pregnant females were grouped by age (pre-primiparous or multiparous). Blood samples were collected between day 27 and 190 of pregnancy (n = 176 from pre-primiparous and n = 240 from multiparous) and serum was tested in duplicate using a commercially available blood pregnancy test, IDEXX Alertys Pregnancy Test. Procedures were adapted to allow concentrations to fall within the …

The Presence Of Persistent Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection And A Novel Bosavirus In A Bison Herd, Ben M. Hause, Julia F. Ridpath, Angela E. Pillatzki, Tom Bragg, Christopher C.L. Chase

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a significant pathogen of cattle, leading to losses due to reproductive failure, respiratory disease and immune dysregulation. An investigation was conducted in an American bison (Bison bison) herd dealing with reproductive issues in 2018-2019 calving season to determine likely cause of the losses.

Prevalence Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Subspecies Among Persistently Infected Samples From Cattle In The United States, Jessie Vallejo, Travis Clement, Matthew Dammen, Christopher C.L. Chase

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective:
The focus of this survey was to determine the prevalence of BVDV subspecies in the United States.

Comparison Of Winter Cow Feeding Strategies On Offspring Carcass Characteristics And Meat Quality, Erin Gubbels, Christopher Schauer, Don Stecher, Donny Drolc, Robin Salverson, Adele Harty, Warren Rusche, Cody Wright, Kristi Cammack, Zachary Smith, J. Kyle Grubbs, Keith Underwood, Janna Block, Kenneth Olson, Amanda Blair

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The objective of this research was to investigate effects of maternal prepartum dietary energy source (forage vs. concentrate) during mid and late gestation on carcass composition, and meat quality of offspring.
Study Description
Angus-based cows from 2 sources [n = 129 from SDSU (Experiment 1) and n = 70 from North Dakota State University (Experiment 2)] were stratified by body weight and age and placed into two treatment groups at a drylot facility during mid- and late-gestation: Concentrate (dams fed a concentrate-based diet) or Forage (dams fed a forage-based diet). Calves were finished and carcass data was collected. Striploins …

Beef Carcass Weight And Quality Grade Influence Tenderness, Samantha R. Egolf, Austin C. Egolf, Lydia M. Hite, Christina Elaine Bakker, Amanda D. Blair, Keith Underwood, Judson Grubbs

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The objective was to investigate whether hot carcass weight (HCW) affected Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) and tenderness formation of Denver, strip, and eye of round steaks from USDA Select (Se) and low Choice (LC) beef carcasses.
Study Description
Select and LC carcasses were selected at a commercial beef plant by HCW (light = 650–750 lb; middle = 850–950 lb; heavy = 1,025–1,150 lb). Steaks were fabricated and aged for 5, 10, and 14 days. Tenderness was determined through WBSF based on industry standards. Additionally, protein degradation was analyzed to determine tenderness formation.

Temperature During Beef Product Transport Impacts Subprimal And Steak Yield, Christina E. Bakker, Amanda D. Blair, Keith R. Underwood, Heather R. Rode, Judson K. Grubbs

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The objective of this study was to determine the impact of ambient temperature during striploin and sirloin transport on moisture loss, color, and tenderness.

Influence Of Beef Carcass Chilling Rate On Steak Case Life And Quality Traits, Trevor C. Dehaan, Amanda D. Blair, Judson K. Grubbs, Keith R. Underwood

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
To determine if beef carcass weight influences chilling rate, pH decline, beef color, case life and tenderness of steaks from the round, loin, rib and chuck.

Influence Of Carcass Chilling System On Chuck, Loin, And Round Temperature Decline, Carcass Characteristics, And Tenderness, Lydia M. Hite, Christina E. Bakker, Trevor C. Dehaan, Amanda D. Blair, Keith R. Underwood, Judson K. Grubbs

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
Determine the effect of chilling systems on beef carcass temperature decline, carcass characteristics, and tenderness.

Metal-Organic Framework-Based Sensor For Bacterial Trehalose In Beef Products, Matthew Hummel, Hongxing Jia, Ailin Guo, Abdullah Maruf, Shun Lu, Wei He, Yue Zhou, Zhengrong Gu

SDSU Beef Day 2021 Summary Publication

Objective
The objective is to detect trehalose from pathogenic bacteria using an electrochemical sensor based on alkali earth metal-organic frameworks (AE-MOFS).

Dairy Digest 2021 : Striving To Support And Sustain, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

This is the 2021 Dairy Digest published annually by the South Dakota State University Dairy Club. The Digest contains information and news about the activities and members of the SDSU Dairy Club for the academic year 2020 - 2021.

Evaluating Impacts Of Tryptophan And Branched Chain Amino Acids In Swine Diets Containing Corn Based Dried Distillers Grains On The Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Grow-Finish Pigs, David Alan Clizer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A total of four studies were conducted in an effort to determine the impact of Trp and the BCAA in swine diets containing DDGS or HPDDG on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of the growing and finishing pig. The first study utilized 1,170 pigs (PIC 800 x PIC, initial BW 38.6 kg) in a 98-d grow-finish study to determine the performance response of pigs fed increasing levels of SID Trp:Lys in swine diets containing 40% DDGS. Treatments consisted of diets containing 40% DDGS with a SID Trp:Lys ratios of 15, 18, 21, or 24% or a corn-SBM diet for …

The Interactions Of Change In Nutrition Prior To And After Artificial Insemination On Plasma Metabolites, Steroid Hormones, And Uterine Histotroph In Beef Heifers, Taylor N. Andrews

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The management of heifers can have lifetime effects on their reproductive success and efficiency. Nutrition is one of the management factors that can influence steroid hormone production, oocyte development, embryo development, and uterine histotroph, thus affecting heifers’ reproductive efficiency. Therefore, the objectives of the following studies were to evaluate the impact of nutritional changes prior to and after Artificial Insemination (AI) on plasma cholesterol concentrations, and uterine mineral concentrations (Chapter 2) and the impact of nutritional change after AI on uterine mineral concentrations, steroid hormone production, and circulating metabolites (Chapter 3). In experiment 1 (Chapter 2), beef heifers (n = …

Effects Of Harvest Regulations And Post-Release Hooking Mortality On Walleye Populations In South Dakota, Cade Lyon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Harvest regulations are commonly implemented to manipulate fisheries stocks. By regulating the size and number of fish that are harvested by anglers, managers are able to meet the goals and needs of regions. However, these management actions come with the potential for negative consequences. Overexploitation due to less restrictive harvest regulations can cause collapses in fisheries populations. In addition, indirect consequences such as hooking mortality brought on by length-based regulations can also be detrimental to populations. In this study, I investigated the effects of various harvest regulations on Walleye populations in three western South Dakota irrigation reservoirs: Angostura, Belle Fourche, …

Characterization Of The Rumen Bacterial Communities Of Bison Heifers Fed A Grass-Based Diet Vs A Grain-Based Free-Choice Diet, Anlly Miley Fresno Rueda

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A century ago, the North American grasslands and prairie ecosystems were dominated by bison. At least 30 million bison roamed the Great Plains when the first explorers arrived. By 1900, there were little over a thousand bison remained in the United States and Canada. Recovery efforts has been made since the 20th century to reestablish the herds and increase the bison population. Today, over 500,000 bison are distributed across North America, with more than 90% of the existing bison population under commercial production. Modern conservation strategies are made via the collaborative efforts of conservationist, producers, and researchers, resulting in increased …

Cortisol In Hair As A Measure Of Chronic Stress During Sow Gestation And The Pattern Of Cortisol In Blood During Parturition In Sows, Talia Everding

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cortisol is known as the stress hormone, as it influences many metabolic processes to maintain glucose homeostasis during stressful experiences, including physical and psychological stress. It can be detected in biological matrices such as blood and hair and is released rapidly during sudden stressors and continuously during longterm stress. Blood cortisol fluctuates rapidly in response to acute stressors like pain, exertion, and fear; in hair cortisol accumulates steadily over the period of hair growth and may be useful for detecting chronically elevated cortisol resulting from long-term stress. The objective of this research was to, 1) determine the influence of a …

Jackrabbit Dairy & Food Review, Winter 2020-2021, Dairy And Food Science Department

The Jackrabbit Dairy & Food Review

This is the Winter 2020- 2021 Jackrabbit Dairy and Food Review.

It contains the following articles and information:
Message from the Department Head
New Personnel
Judging Activities
Dairy Club
Food Science Club
Student Accomplishments
Professional Activities of Faculty and Staff
Dairy Facilities
2020 Graduates
Where Are They Now?
Scholarships
Dairy and Food Science Students
Outreach
Research Highlights