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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Inflammasomes In Liver Diseases, Gyongyi Szabo, Timea Csak
Inflammasomes In Liver Diseases, Gyongyi Szabo, Timea Csak
Gyongyi Szabo
Inflammation is a common element in the pathogenesis of most chronic liver diseases that lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Inflammation is characterized by activation of innate immune cells and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and TNFalpha. Inflammasomes are intracellular multiprotein complexes expressed in both parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells of the liver that in response to cellular danger signals activate caspase-1, and release IL-1beta and IL-18. The importance of inflammasome activation in various forms of liver diseases in relation to liver damage, steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis is discussed in this review. Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Hypoxia And Hypoxia Inducible Factors: Diverse Roles In Liver Diseases, Bharath Nath, Gyongyi Szabo
Hypoxia And Hypoxia Inducible Factors: Diverse Roles In Liver Diseases, Bharath Nath, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
Hypoxia has been shown to have a role in the pathogenesis of several forms of liver disease. The hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are a family of evolutionarily conserved transcriptional regulators that affect a homeostatic response to low oxygen tension and have been identified as key mediators of angiogenesis, inflammation, and metabolism. In this review we summarize the evidence for a role of HIFs across a range of hepatic pathophysiology. We describe regulation of the HIFs and review investigations that demonstrate a role for HIFs in the development of liver fibrosis, activation of innate immune pathways, hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as …
Circulating Micrornas In Exosomes Indicate Hepatocyte Injury And Inflammation In Alcoholic, Drug-Induced, And Inflammatory Liver Diseases, Shashi Bala, Jan Petrasek, Shiv Mundkur, Donna Catalano, Ivan Levin, Jeanine Ward, Hawau Alao, Karen Kodys, Gyongyi Szabo
Circulating Micrornas In Exosomes Indicate Hepatocyte Injury And Inflammation In Alcoholic, Drug-Induced, And Inflammatory Liver Diseases, Shashi Bala, Jan Petrasek, Shiv Mundkur, Donna Catalano, Ivan Levin, Jeanine Ward, Hawau Alao, Karen Kodys, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
MicroRNAs are fine tuners of diverse biological responses and are expressed in various cell types of the liver. Here we hypothesized that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may serve as biomarkers of liver damage and inflammation. We studied miRNA-122, which is abundant in hepatocytes, and miR-155, -146a, and -125b, which regulate inflammation in immune cells in mouse models of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), drug (acetaminophen, APAP)-induced liver injury (DILI), and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9+4 ligand-induced inflammatory cell-mediated liver damage. We found that serum/plasma miR-122 correlated with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increases in the liver damage caused by alcohol, APAP, and TLR9 (CpG)+4 (LPS) …