Life Sciences Commons^™

Oyster Spatfall In Virginia Rivers: 1989 Annual Summary, Bruce J. Barber

Reports

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) conducts surveys of oyster spatfall (or "setting") in Virginia waters throughout the summer reproductive period. This survey provides an estimate of the potential of a particular area for receiving a "strike 11 or set of oysters on the bottom and helps define the timing of setting events. Information obtained by this effort is valuable to the Virginia Marine Resources Commission (VMRC) for its shell repletion program, and to private oyster growers, both of whom are interested in maximizing the timing of shell planting. To assist in that area, a biweekly report of spatfall …

City Of Virginia Beach Marsh Inventory: Volume 3 Back Bay And Tributaries, Walter L. Priest Iii, Gene M. Silberhorn, Sharon Dewing

Reports

No abstract provided.

A Summary Of Continuing Research With Non Native Oysters At The Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Roger L. Mann

Reports

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Automated Threshold Selection Methods For Accurately Sizing Microscopic Fluorescent Cells By Image-Analysis, Me Sieracki, Se Reichenbach, Kl Webb

VIMS Articles

The accurate measurement of bacterial and protistan cell biomass is necessary for understanding their population and trophic dynamics in nature. Direct measurement of fluorescently stained cells is often the method of choice. The tedium of making such measurements visually on the large numbers of cells required has prompted the use of automatic image analysis for this purpose. Accurate measurements by image analysis require an accurate, reliable method of segmenting the image, that is, distinguishing the brightly fluorescing cells from a dark background. This is commonly done by visually choosing a threshold intensity value which most closely coincides with the outline …

Effects Of Hypoxia And Anoxia On Survival, Energy Metabolism, And Feeding Of Oyster Larvae (Crassostrea Virginica, Gmelin), J Widdows, Rie Newell, Roger L. Mann

VIMS Articles

The tolerance of Crassostrea virginica larvae to anoxia increases with developmental stage and body size. Median mortality times range from 11 h for prodissoconch larvae of 82 micro m (shell length) to 51 h for pediveliger larvae of 3 12 micro m, and 150 h for juvenile oysters. Simultaneous calorimetry and respirometry showed that in response to declining oxygen tension (P02), the rates of heat dissipation and oxygen uptake by oyster larvae are maintained independent of PO2 down to low Pc values (2 kPa for prodissoconch larvae and 8 kPa for pediveliger and juveniles). Therefore, total energy metabolism is sustained …

Catch Trends And Fish Utilization In Virginia's Offshore Recreational Pelagic Fishery, 1987-1988, Jon A. Lucy, Nancy J. Chartier, William D. Dupaul

Reports

No abstract provided.

City Of Portsmouth Tidal Marsh Inventory, Gene M. Silberhorn, Sharon Dewing

Reports

No abstract provided.

A Mark-Recapture Study Of Striped Bass In The James River, Virginia : Annual Report 1988, Joseph G. Loesch, Bruce W. Hill

Reports

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. In the Spring 1988, 2,145 striped bass were tagged in the James River.

2. The mean size of striped bass tagged in 1988 (351.6 mm) was 117.9 mm smaller than mean size in 1987. The difference may be due to different locations and times of tagging.

3. The dominant age group in 1987 was the 1982 year class but in 1988 the dominant age group was the 1984 year class. This difference may also be accounted for by different locations and times of tagging.

4. The exodus of the mature fish out of the river after spawning …

Hypoxia In The Lower Rappahannock Estuary, Albert Y. Kuo, Mohamed Z. Moustafa

Reports

There are several objectives to this study. The immediate objective is to collect a comprehensive and consistent set of field observations to better describe the hypoxic condition in the Rappahannock River. Other objectives can be classified as short and long term goals.

Long term: (1) Identify and quantify the processes contributing to the dissolved oxygen budget in deep waters, and explain the variabilities among the three Virginia major tributary estuaries. (2) Provide information for resource management so that the James River can be protected from hypoxic problems and, perhaps, the problems in the York and Rappahannock Rivers can be alleviated. …

Sediment Processes Monitoring Annual Report For Calendar Year 1988, Richard Wetzel, Bruce Neilson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Virginia's Recreational Marlin And Tuna Fishery 1983 -1988 : A Report To The Fishermen, Eleanor A. Bochenek, Nancy J. Chartier, Jon A. Lucy

Reports

No abstract provided.

Marine Fishery Population Trends Current And Emerging Natural Resource Issues, Herbert Austin

Reports

No abstract provided.

Occurrence Of Indicators Of Fecal Pollution In Water And Sediment Of A Subestuary Impacted By Non-Point Pollution, Howard I. Kator, Martha Rhodes

Reports

No abstract provided.

Determination Of Marina Buffer Zones Using Simple Mixing And Transport Models : A Report To The Virginia State Dept. Of Health, Bureau Of Shellfish Sanitation As Part Of The Chesapeake Bay Initiatives Marine Pollution Abatement Initiative, John M. Hamrick, Bruce J. Neilson

Reports

This report describes the rationale, development and application of simple mixing and transport models for the determination of marina buffer zones and buffer zones for other point source discharges. Included in the report are two computer programs for implementation of the most general two dimensional transport model.

Geotechnical And Benthic Evaluation Of Sand Resources In The Lower Chesapeake Bay - Report 1: Thimble Shoal, Suzette M. Kimball, Linda C. Schaffner, Carl H. Hobbs Iii

Reports

This report details the results of an exploration program to delineate reserves containing quantities of beach quality sand suitable for emplacement on public recreational beaches in the City of Hampton.

Zinc Distributions In Sediments, The Common Mussel, Mytilus Edulis (L.), The American Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin), And The Commensal Pea Crab, Pinnotheres Ostreum (Say), Cheol Mo, Bruce Neilson

Reports

Oysters and mussels of varying sizes and sediment samples were collected from oyster beds with different salinity regimes of three Virginian coastal plain rivers: Rappahannock River. James River. and Piankatank River. Zinc concentrations of 1) soft tissues. gut contents. and shells of the oysters. 2) soft tissues of the mussels. 3) pea crabs. and 4) sediment samples were measured with a flame atomic absorption (Flame AA) spectrophotometer. Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen concentrations ·of the sediments were measured with a carbon-nitrogen analyzer. The contribution of extraneous materials. such as gut contents. faeces. and pea crabs. to the variability in oyster …

Laboratory And Field Studies Of Oyster Larvae Settlement On Three Substrates, Oyster Shell, Tire Chips, And Expanded Shale, And The Relative Mobility Of The Three Substrates, Mary C. Gibbons, Roger L. Mann, L. D. Wright

Reports

No abstract provided.

Feasibility Of Crab Meal Processing In The Chesapeake Bay Region Ii: An Integrated Economic Analysis For Hampton/Newport News, Virginia, Phillip R. Grulich, William D. Dupaul

Reports

The crab waste problem in Virginia and Maryland has been well documented by past research efforts, (Hatem, 1980) (Murray and DuPaul 1981) (Cathcart et, al.1984). Murray and DuPaul (1981) documented both the magnitude and location of the problem in Maryland and Virginia. Their analysis provided a description of the total waste disposal problem in the Bay and pinpointed specific trouble spots. The report provided enterprise budgets for three locations; Hampton, Virginia, Crisfield, Maryland, and Cambridge, Maryland. These locations were chosen because of their proximity to crab processors and their ability to produce sufficient quantities of crab waste to make a …

Prevalence Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia Waters 1988 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program., Eugene M. Burreson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Field Studies Of Comparative Settlement Of Oyster Larvae On Oyster Shell, Expanded Shale And Tire Chips, Roger L. Mann

Reports

No abstract provided.

Catch Projection For The 1988-89 Blue Crab Dredge Fishery, Rom Lipcius, Willard A. Van Engel

Reports

No abstract provided.

Fact Sheet: Aviation Services, College Of William And Mary, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Miscellaneous

Brochure describing the features and specifications of the 1954 DeHavilland Beaver aircraft, acquired on loan from the U.S. Navy in late1975, used for aerial photography, reconnaissance, observation and transport in support of the Institute's research mission.

The brochure is undated, 1989 is estimated.

Additional background information on the airplane available p.1 : https://scholarworks.wm.edu/miscellaneous/19/

The College Of William And Mary, School Of Marine Science, 1989-90 Program, College Of William And Mary, School Of Marine Science

Miscellaneous

Catalog for the Graduate program from the School of Marine Science at the College of William and Mary for the listed academic year.

Ingestion Of Gametes By Protists: Fate Of Surplus Reproductive Energy In The Sea, Hm Galvao, At Fritz, R Schmaljohann

VIMS Articles

No abstract provided.

Shell And Pallet Morphology In Early Developmental Stages Of Teredo Navalis Linne (Bivalvia : Teredinidae), S. Cynthia Fuller, Ya-Ping Hu, Richard Lutz, Michael Castagna

VIMS Articles

Dimensions of the shell and provinculum distinguish Teredo novalis larvae from the larvae o[ other bivalve mollusks. In the present scanning electron microscopic stud) of shell and pallet morphology during early ontogenetic stages of this species, the characteristic teredinid provinculum, with two interlocking pairs of small teeth and a wide central loath and socket was well-developed in shells 90 μm long. Provinculurn length ranged from 44 to 51 μm during the larval period. Average lengths of provincular teeth of the left valve were 9.6 μm for the anterior tooth and 8.2 μm for the posterior tooth; in the right valve, …

Evidence Of A Semiannual Reproductive Cycle For The Sea Scallop, Placopecten Magellanicus (Gmelin, 1791), In The Mid-Atlantic Region, William D. Dupaul, James E. Kirkley, Anne C. Schmitzer

VIMS Articles

The reproductive cycle of the sea scallop, Placopecten magellanicus in the mid-Atlantic region was studied over a 15 month period. One to 15 samples a month were collected from commercial vessels fishing from Long Island to Cape Hatteras in water depths of 37-68 m. Gonad weights were determined for four shell size intervals as an indicator of the reproductive cycle. A sharp decline in mean gonad weights between April-May 1987 and a subsequent increase and decrease in weights between SeptemberNovember 1987 indicated reproductive processes were occurring on a semiannual cycle. A major spring spawning season was reconfirmed in 1988 by …

Commercial Practices And Fishery Regulations. The United States Northwest Atlantic Sea Scallop, Placopecten Magellanicus (Gmelin, 1791), Fishery, James E. Kirkley, William D. Dupaul

VIMS Articles

Fishery regulations are based on discipline specific concepts, empirical analyses, and public comment. Supporting empirical analyses, however, often neglect commercial fishing practices. If supporting analyses do not adequately consider commercial practices, resultant regulations may fail to achieve stated objectives and impose unnecessary costs on industry. This may have been the case for the United States Atlantic sea scallop, Placopecten magellanicus, fishery in which empirical analyses determined a target specification of 30 meats per pound, as a maximum average value, would provide significant long-term benefits in terms of yield per recruit and the overall productivity of the resource. Targeted meat count …

Anatomical Features In Histological Sections Of Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791) As An Aid In Management Of Gonad Area For Reproductive Assessment, Reinaldo Morales-Alamo, Roger L. Mann

VIMS Articles

The relationship between gonad area in transverse histological sections of the American oyster Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin 1790) and body location from which the section was cut was studied in specimens collected from four stations in the James River, Virginia in 1984 and 1986. Gonad area, expressed as percentage of total body area, increases in an antero-posterior direction; this requires use of sections from the same body location in comparisons between oysters. Approximate body locations, identified according to the anatomy and arrangement of the internal organs in the sections, were grouped into five types with similar gonad area percentages. One of …

The Location And Topography Of Oyster Reefs In The Rappahannock River Estuary, Virginia., James P. Whitcomb, Dexter S. Haven

VIMS Articles

Public oyster grounds in the Rappahannock River, Virginia were charted in 1976 and 1977 using an electronic positioning system to locate oysters, shell, sand, or mud. Hydraulically operated patent tongs were used to sample the bottoms to validate the charts. During this study 17277.6 ha of public bottoms were surveyed; of this total, 3845.3 ha was oyster reef, sand-shell or mud-shell bottoms; the remainder, 13432.3 ha (78%) was sand, mud or buried shell. The location, extent, topography and environment of the oyster producing areas are discussed. Setting of oysters, physiography and productivity were analyzed.

Algorithm To Estimate Cell Biovolume Using Image Analyzed Microscopy, Me Sieracki, Cl Viles, Kl Webb

VIMS Articles

This paper describes an algorithm for calculating the biovolume of cells with simple shapes, such as bacteria, flagellates, and simple ciliates, from a 2-dimensional digital image. The method can be adapted to any image analysis system which allows access to the binary cell image-( i.e., the pixels, or (x,y) points, composing the cell. The cell image is rotated to a standard orientation (horizontal), inand a solid of revolution is calculated by digital integration. Verification and a critical assessment of the method are presented. The algorithm accounts for irregularities in cell shape that conventional methods based on length, width, and geometrical …